红外探测器件

本专利讲述热释电红外探测器件的一种制造方法。本方法的特点是:用掺有红外吸收材料的有机薄膜涂覆在去掉了衬底的热释电薄膜器件的一面上,这样即可获得具有抗机械冲力、灵敏度高、使用方便的热释电红外探测器件。本方法的工艺过程如图示:用     

复合热释电薄膜红外探测器的二维热分析

根据热释电薄膜红外探测器的结构和测试条件,使用有限元软件Ansys对其进行了二维热分析,得到了探测器受到红外辐射后的温度场。分析了复合热释电薄膜红外探测器的绝热层对温度场的影响,并将它与微桥结构探测器的性能进行了比较。结果表明,复合热释电薄膜红外探测器的绝热层能有效地减小热流向硅衬底的散失,并且探测器的响应随着绝热层厚度的增大而增大;当复合热释电薄膜红外探测器中绝热层的热导率低于空气的热导率时,它的绝热性能优于微桥结构．     

用SiO2气凝胶做隔热层的铁电薄膜红外探测器性能与铁电薄膜层厚度的关系

研究了铁电薄膜红外探测器响应率等器件参数随铁电薄膜厚度的变化.器件的隔热层结构采用气凝胶二氧化硅.实验发现器件的热释电系数,吸收率以及热导均随膜厚增加而增加.铁电膜层厚度为240nm的器件,其热导与微桥结构器件的热导相近,都为10-7W/K量级,证明气凝胶二氧化硅做隔热层能够制备出性能优良的热释电红外探测器.随着薄膜厚度增加,热导急剧增大,这是引起器件响应率降低的原因.制备铁电薄膜过程中的多次650°高温退火可能降低了二氧化硅多孔率.     

日本用表面微机械加工技术制备成功集成热释电红外传感器阵列

日本丰桥理工大学的研究人员利用表面微机械加工技术首次在外延γ-Al_2O_3/Si衬底上制备出一种带有nMOS/nJFET器件的集成热释电红外传感器阵列。由于热释电和铁电薄膜的取向及结晶度控制对获取高灵敏度热释电红外探测器非常重要,为了把它们控制好,     

薄膜型热释电红外探测器的发展

介绍了薄膜型热释电红外探测器的性能特点和工作原理。从材料选择,器件结构和制备工艺综述了近几年国内外的研究成果及发展动态,并对器件的主要应用进行了总结。     

非晶YBCO薄膜热释电红外探测器

介绍了非晶YBCO薄膜用作非制冷热释电红外探测器材料。它在室温下显示出强的热释电行为,并且容易在室温下采用射频磁控溅射法沉积,制备工艺与CMOS工艺相兼容,是 一种很有潜力的热释电探测器材料。并介绍了非晶YBCO热释电薄膜的研究现状,阐述了该薄膜及其探测器的制备技术和研究动向。     

多层热释电薄膜红外探测器的PSPICE模型

在分析了热释电探测器工作原理的基础上,利用PSPICE的ABM功能建立了多层薄膜热释电红外探测器的等效电路模型。该模型可以模拟多层薄膜热释电探测器热学和电学特性的暧态响应和频率响应,模拟的结果与实验数据相一致,等效电路模型与读出电路连接,然后对热释电探测器系统进行模拟,分析不同条件下探测器的响应特性。选取不同的电路参数,该模型也同样适用于其他类型的热释电探测器。     

热释电薄膜在红外探测器中的应用

介绍了热释电效应及热释电薄膜红外探测器的工作模式,特别是探测器单元对热释电薄膜的材料与低温生长要求。为了克服薄膜生长过程中较高的基片温度对读出集成电路(ROIC)的破坏性影响,一方面发展了离子束辅助沉积、外延缓冲层等多种低温生长技术,另一方面发展了复合探测器结构设计。已研制出了性能良好的铁电薄膜非制冷红外焦平面阵列,其噪声等效温差(NEDT)可达20mK。     

基于热释电型红外气体探测器的原始信号探究

作为采用非色散分光红外吸收光谱(Non-dispersed Infrared, NDIR)原理的红外光谱气体分析仪的一个核心器件,热释电型红外气体探测器输出信号的特征与后级信号处理息息相关。基于PYS3228TC_G1G20热释电红外气体探测器在不同调制频率下对激励源和输出的原始信号的同步跟踪,深入分析了激励源与探测器输出信号之间的关系。通过这些实验,总结并得出了热释电型红外探测器的初始信号特征,为热释电型红外气体分析仪的信号处理提供了重要的理论参考。     

钽酸锂薄膜红外探测器探测性能的模拟研究

建立了热释电钽酸锂薄膜红外探测器理论模型,用五层薄膜系统模拟了探测器结构,用钽酸锂晶体参数,模拟了探测器结构参数与探测率等性能指标之间的关系,研究了硅衬底厚度和钽酸锂薄膜厚度对探测器性能的影响。模拟结果显示,硅衬底彻底腐蚀形成悬空结构是减小探测器热传导损耗的最有效途径;热释电钽酸锂膜层越薄,器件探测率越高。探测器电压响应同时取决于钽酸锂膜层厚度和探测器外接电路参数。使探测器整体性能最佳的钽酸锂膜层厚度为1～2μm。     

Alternative Schemes for Dynamic Secure VPN Deployment in UMTS

Three alternative schemes for secure Virtual Private Network (VPN) deployment over the Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS) are proposed and analyzed. The proposed schemes enable a mobile node to voluntarily establish an IPsec-based secure channel to a private network. The alternative schemes differ in the location where the IPsec functionality is placed within the UMTS network architecture (mobile node, access network, and UMTS network border), depending on the employed security model, and whether data in transit are ever in clear-text, or available to be tapped by outsiders. The provided levels of privacy in the deployed VPN schemes, as well as the employed authentication models are examined. An analysis in terms of cost, complexity, and performance overhead that each method imposes to the underlying network architecture, as well as to the mobile devices is presented. The level of system reliability and scalability in granting security services is presented. The VPN management, usability, and trusted relations, as well as their behavior when a mobile user moves are analyzed. The use of special applications that require access to encapsulated data traffic is explored. Finally, an overall comparison of the proposed schemes from the security and operation point of view summarizes their relative performance. Christos Xenakis received his B.Sc. degree in computer science in 1993 and his M.Sc. degree in telecommunication and computer networks in 1996, both from the Department of Informatics and Telecommunications, University of Athens, Greece. In 2004 he received his Ph.D. from the University of Athens (Department of Informatics and Telecommunications). From 1998–2000 was with the Greek telecoms system development firm Teletel S.A., where was involved in the design and development of advanced telecommunications subsystems for ISDN, ATM, GSM, and GPRS. Since 1996 he has been a member of the Communication Networks Laboratory of the University of Athens. He has participated in numerous projects realized in the context of EU Programs (ACTS, ESPRIT, IST). His research interests are in the field of mobile/wireless networks, security and distributed network management. He is the author of over 15 papers in the above areas. Lazaros Merakos received the Diploma in electrical and mechanical engineering from the National Technical University of Athens, Greece, in 1978, and the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering from the State University of New York, Buffalo, in 1981 and 1984, respectively. From 1983 to 1986, he was on the faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at the University of Connecticut, Storrs. From 1986 to 1994 he was on the faculty of the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department at Northeastern University, Boston, MA. During the period 1993–1994 he served as Director of the Communications and Digital Processing Research Center at Northeastern University. During the summers of 1990 and 1991, he was a Visiting Scientist at the IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY. In 1994, he joined the faculty of the University of Athens, Athens, Greece, where he is presently a Professor in the Department of Informatics and Telecommunications, and Director of the Communication Networks Laboratory (UoA-CNL) and the Networks Operations and Management Center. His research interests are in the design and performance analysis of broadband networks, and wireless/mobile communication systems and services. He has authored more than 150 papers in the above areas. Since 1995, he is leading the research activities of UoA-CNL in the area of mobile communications, in the framework of the Advanced Communication Technologies & Services (ACTS) and Information Society Technologies (IST) programmes funded by the European Union (projects RAINBOW, Magic WAND, WINE, MOBIVAS, POLOS, ANWIRE). He is chairman of the board of the Greek Universities Network, the Greek Schools Network, and member of the board of the Greek Research Network. In 1994, he received the Guanella Award for the Best Paper presented at the International Zurich Seminar on Mobile Communications.     

单目图像序列光流三维重建技术研究综述

由单目图像序列光流重建物体或场景的三维运动与结构是计算机视觉、图像处理与模式识别等领域的重要研究内容,在机器人视觉、无人机导航、车辆辅助驾驶以及医学影像分析等方面具有重要的应用。本文首先从精度与鲁棒性等方面对单目图像序列光流计算及三维重建技术近年来取得的进展进行综述与分析。然后采用Middlebury测试图像序列对HS、LDOF、CLG-TV、SOF、AOFSCNN 和 Classic ＋NL 等典型光流算法以及 Adiv、RMROF、Sekkati 和DMDPOF等基于光流的间接与直接重建方法进行实验对比分析,指出各对比方法的优点与不足,归纳各类方法的性能特点与适用范围。最后对利用分数阶微分模型、非局部约束、立体视觉以及深度线索解决亮度突变、非刚性运动、运动遮挡与模糊情况下光流计算及重建模型的局限性与鲁棒性问题进行总结与展望。     

高效双光子引发剂及水相中制备水凝胶微结构的研究进展

对双光子引发剂的设计合成和飞秒激光双光子聚合技术的基本原理进行了简单介绍。着重介绍了用于水凝胶双光子聚合的引发剂的研究进展,主要包括通过扩大共轭链长度、引入强供/吸电子基团、加入共引发体系等来增大双光子吸收截面,引入自由基淬灭基团以降低荧光量子产率,增加引发剂的水溶性来降低微结构细胞毒性等方面。这些研究为生物相容性三维水凝胶微纳结构的制备及应用提供了科学基础,是更好地模拟体内细胞生长微环境的必要条件。接着,介绍双光子聚合制备的水凝胶微纳结构及其在组织工程领域中的应用。最后,对生物相容性水凝胶微结构在应用中存在的问题与未来发展趋势进行总结和展望。     

5G传输网络承载方案分析

5G时代3类典型场景的业务需求对承载网络在容量、时延和组网灵活性方面提出了更高的要求,同时针对无线网和核心网架构的变化提出了网络切片、增强路由转发功能等要求。首先分析5G的承载需求,重点考虑5G的3类典型业务场景、无线和核心网的架构变化;然后结合现网100GE PTN的实际应用情况,重点围绕容量、时延等维度完成需求与网络现状的对标;最后提出了网络回传、机房配套的演进方案。     

Analysis and VLSI Realization of a Blind Beamforming Algorithm

We present the fixed-point analysis and VLSI realization of a maximum-power blind beamforming algorithm. This algorithm consists of the computation of a correlation matrix and its dominant eigenvector, and we propose that the latter be accomplished by the power method. After analyzing the numerical stability of the power method, we derive a division-free form of the algorithm. Based on a block-Toeplitz assumption, we design an FIR filter based system to realize both the correlation computation and the power method. Our ring processor, which is optimized to implement digital filters, is used as the core of the architecture. A special technique for dynamically switching filter inputs is shown to double the system throughput. VLSI design is discussed in detail and chip fabrication results are presented.Fan Xu received the B.S. and M.S. degrees in electronics engineering from Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, in 1993 and 1996, respectively, and the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from the University of California, Los Angeles, in 2001. His Ph.D. research focused on algorithm design and analysis for digital signal processors and eigenvector estimation architectures.In 1997, he held an internship at Bell Labs, Lucent Technologies, Holmdel, NJ, where he worked on equalization algorithms for cellular systems. He joined Broadcom Co., Irvine, CA, in 2001. His research interests include VLSI signal processing, customized digital signal processor, efficient hardware architectures for adaptive signal processing and high-performance VLSI design.Guichang Zhong received the B.S. degree from Xi an Jiaotong University, China, in 1996 and the M.S. degree from the Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, in 2000, both in electrical engineering. He is currently working toward the Ph.D. degree in integrated circuits and systems at the University of California, Los Angeles.His present research interests are in high-performance VLSI digital signal processors design, with an emphasis on reconfigurable and energy-efficient architecture.Alan N. Willson, Jr. received the B.E.E. degree from the Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, in 1961, and the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees from Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, in 1965 and 1967 respectively.From 1961 to 1964 he was with IBM, Poughkeepsie, NY. He was an Instructor in electrical engineering at Syracuse University from 1965 to 1967. From 1967 to 1973 he was a Member of the Technical Staff at Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, NJ. Since 1973, he has been on the faculty of the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), where he is Professor of Engineering and Applied Science in the Electrical Engineering Department. In addition, he served the UCLA School of Engineering and Applied Science as Assistant Dean for Graduate Studies from 1977 through 1981 and as Associate Dean of Engineering from 1987 through 2001. He has been engaged in research concerning computer-aided circuit analysis and design, the stability of distributed circuits, properties of nonlinear networks, theory of active circuits, digital signal processing, analog circuit fault diagnosis, and integrated circuits for signal processing. He is editor of Nonlinear Networks: Theory and Analysis (New York: IEEE Press, 1974). In 1991 he founded Pentomics, Inc.Dr. Willson is a member of Eta Kappa Nu, Sigma Xi, Tau Beta Pi, the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, and the American Society for Engineering Education. From 1977 to 1979, he served as Editor of the IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS. In 1980, he was General Chairman of the 14th Asilomar Conference on Circuits, Systems, and Computers. During 1984, he served as President of the IEEE Circuits and Systems Society. He was the recipient of the 1978 and 1994 Guillemin-Cauer Awards of the IEEE Circuits and Systems Society, the 1982 GeorgeWestinghouse Award of the American Society for Engineering Education, the 1982 Distinguished Faculty Award of the UCLA Engineering Alumni Association, the 1984 Myril B. Reed Best Paper Award of the Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems, the 1985 and 1994 W.R.G. Baker Awards of the IEEE, the 2000 Technical Achievement Award and the 2003 Mac Van Valkenburg Award of the IEEE Circuits and Systems Society.     

全球应急专网通信频谱研究概述

建设应急专网是为了满足重特大灾害事故救援、应急处突、重大活动保障等统一指挥调度通信的需要，是维护社会公共安全的重要通信手段。随着无线电技术的快速发展，传统的窄带应急通信技术体制难以满足新形势下多媒体数据通信、互联互通、安全抗干扰等需求，数字化、宽带化、泛在化成为应急专网发展的必然趋势。首先，概述了应急专网通信的技术体制及发展趋势，介绍了全球应急专网通信研究框架，重点分析了美国、欧洲、亚太等国家和地区应急专网频谱规划及使用现状，最后结合我国应急专网频谱规划情况，从技术趋势、产业发展、频段选择、建设模式等方面提出了我国应急专网建设的建议。     

卫星遥感温室气体的大气观测技术进展

全球、区域及城市的碳浓度、碳源汇信息是应对气候变化、达成双碳目标、完善国际谈判、支持治理政策制定与执行的重要依据。国际认可的“自上而下” 方法将卫星观测作为基础的通量计算技术, 是验证温室气体排放清单的重要手段。系统介绍了温室气体的卫星探测载荷原理、类别和发展, 以及反演、估算CO2、CH4 和N2O 的浓度和排放通量的方法, 还有探测缺失和误差存在的影响因素等; 分析了对卫星探测温室气体能力提高的迫切需求, 浓度反演和排放量估算精度不足, 以及N2O、氟化物等其他温室气体遥感研究缺乏、地基遥感验证能力薄弱等问题; 最后总结了我国温室气体卫星遥感技术的发展趋势, 主要是面向主被动高时空分辨率卫星的研制应用、高精度多尺度排放量估算(特别针对城市、小区域和点源尺度)、氟化物遥感评估等主题, 以加强对碳排放的量化观测, 并增强对碳循环的理解, 提高感知和应对气候变化的能力。     

Toward Robust Speech Recognition and Understanding

The principal cause of speech recognition errors is a mismatch between trained acoustic/language models and input speech due to the limited amount of training data in comparison with the vast variation of speech. It is crucial to establish methods that are robust against voice variation due to individuality, the physical and psychological condition of the speaker, telephone sets, microphones, network characteristics, additive background noise, speaking styles, and other aspects. This paper overviews robust architecture and modeling techniques for speech recognition and understanding. The topics include acoustic and language modeling for spontaneous speech recognition, unsupervised adaptation of acoustic and language models, robust architecture for spoken dialogue systems, multi-modal speech recognition, and speech summarization. This paper also discusses the most important research problems to be solved in order to achieve ultimate robust speech recognition and understanding systems. Dr. Sadaoki Furui is currently a Professor at Tokyo Institute of Technology, Department of Computer Science. He is engaged in a wide range of research on speech analysis, speech recognition, speaker recognition, speech synthesis, and multimodal human-computer interaction and has authored or coauthored over 450 published articles. From 1978 to 1979, he served on the staff of the Acoustics Research Department of Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, New Jersey, as a visiting researcher working on speaker verification. He is a Fellow of the IEEE, the Acoustical Society of America and the Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers of Japan (IEICE). He was President of the Acoustical Society of Japan (ASJ) from 2001 to 2003 and the Permanent Council for International Conferences on Spoken Language Processing (PC-ICSLP) from 2000 to 2004. He is currently President of the International Speech Communication Association (ISCA). He was a Board of Governor of the IEEE Signal Processing Society from 2001 to 2003. He has served on the IEEE Technical Committees on Speech and MMSP and on numerous IEEE conference organizing committees. He has served as Editor-in-Chief of both Journal of Speech Communication and the Transaction of the IEICE. He is an Editorial Board member of Speech Communication, the Journal of Computer Speech and Language, and the Journal of Digital Signal Processing. He has received the Yonezawa Prize and the Paper Awards from the IEICE (1975, 88, 93, 2003), and the Sato Paper Award from the ASJ (1985, 87). He has received the Senior Award from the IEEE ASSP Society (1989) and the Achievement Award from the Minister of Science and Technology, Japan (1989). He has received the Technical Achievement Award and the Book Award from the IEICE (2003, 1990). He has also received the Mira Paul Memorial Award from the AFECT, India (2001). In 1993 he served as an IEEE SPS Distinguished Lecturer. He is the author of “Digital Speech Processing, Synthesis, and Recognition” (Marcel Dekker, 1989, revised, 2000) in English, “Digital Speech Processing” (Tokai University Press, 1985) in Japanese, “Acoustics and Speech Processing” (Kindai-Kagaku-Sha, 1992) in Japanese, and “Speech Information Processing” (Morikita, 1998) in Japanese. He edited “Advances in Speech Signal Processing” (Marcel Dekker, 1992) jointly with Dr. M.M. Sondhi. He has translated into Japanese “Fundamentals of Speech Recognition,” authored by Drs. L.R. Rabiner and B.-H. Juang (NTT Advanced Technology, 1995) and “Vector Quantization and Signal Compression,” authored by Drs. A. Gersho and R. M. Gray (Corona-sha, 1998).     

基于结构照明的超分辨荧光显微成像重建算法

由于具有低光毒性、高速宽视场以及多通道三维超分辨成像能力,超分辨结构照明显微术(SR-SIM)特别适合用于活细胞中动态精细结构的实时检测研究。超分辨结构照明显微图像重建算法(SIM-RA)对SR-SIM的成像质量具有决定性影响。本文首先简要介绍了超分辨显微术的发展现状,阐述了研究SR-SIM图像重建算法的必要性;然后介绍了SR-SIM的成像原理,并重点介绍了SR-SIM图像重建算法,包括SR-SIM中频繁使用的去卷积重建算法、SR-SIM校准与重建过程中参数值获取的算法,以及目前发展的超分辨结构照明显微图像重建算法,并介绍了SR-SIM工具箱;最后总结了当前发展超分辨结构照明显微图像重建算法需解决的5个问题。     

攀枝花广电工程项目管理策略与方法运用

工程项目管理就是要求工程建设任务在规定的时间和成本控制范围内达到预期的各项管控目的,它贯穿于项目的设计、施工准备与施工、使用与维护3个阶段,重点是施工准备与施工阶段的安全、质量、成本、进度、合同方面的控制与管理。结合工作实践,介绍了攀枝花市广电工程建设项目在施工准备与施工过程中的管理策略及其方法运用。