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1 INTRODUCTION Polycarbonate (PC) is an important and widely used engineering thermoplastic, however, it exhibits high notch sensitivity and is susceptible to crazing or cracking on exposure to various solvents[1]. PC was modified in many different ways, particularly by blending with polyolefin resin such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) for use in demanding appli- cations when its outstanding notched impact strength is important[2,3]. Unfortunately, the enhance of the toughness… 相似文献
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用马来酸酐和苯乙烯改性蒙脱土得到改性蒙脱土(SMA-MMT),然后用熔融共混法制备了聚丙烯(PP)/三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)/改性蒙脱土纳米复合材料,且加入接枝物PP-g-MAH-St作为相容剂。X射线衍射分析显示SMA-MMT的层间距达到3.98nm。透射电镜分析表明聚合物分子链已经插入蒙脱土片层中。接枝物含量为15%(质量分数,下同)时,复合材料的力学性能达到最好,拉伸强度和冲击强度分别为32.4MPa和79.5J/m。差示扫描量热分析结果表明,PP-g-MAH-St和SMA-MMT的加入可以改善PP的结晶性能,当PP-g-MAH-St和SMA-MMT含量分别为15%和2%时,复合材料中PP的结晶温度为120℃。 相似文献
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由上海交通大学申请的专利(专利号CN1900161,公开日期2007—01—24)“一种聚碳酸酯/丙烯腈-三元乙丙橡胶-苯乙烯树脂/层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料的制备方法”,涉及的纳米复合材料的配方为:聚碳酸酯55~80,丙烯腈-EPDM—苯乙烯树脂10~30,阻燃剂1~10,层状硅酸盐1~10,抗滴落剂0.1~2,抗氧剂0.1~1。其制备方法是:在高速混合机中将配方各组分预混,然后在挤出机中熔融挤出,得到聚碳酸酯/丙烯腈-EPDM-苯乙烯树脂/层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料。该产品具有高流动性、高耐热性和高阻燃性的综合平衡,可满足家用电器、电子、汽车配件等行业的要求。 相似文献
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以PP-g-MAH作为相容剂,有机蒙脱土为填料.与聚丙烯经熔融共混得到复合材料.研究了蒙脱土含量对复合材料的力学性能、热性能和流动性能的影响。结果表明.复合材料的拉伸强度、维卡软化点和熔体流动速率较纯聚丙烯都有显著提高,同时冲击强度略有下降;在蒙脱土含量为6%时,复合材料的拉伸强度和熔体流动速率达到最佳值.在蒙脱土含量为8%时,维卡软化点的上升趋于平缓。 相似文献
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用熔融共混法制备了纳米金刚石(Nano-diamond)/聚丙烯复合材料,利用热重分析(TGA)法研究了复合材料的热降解动力学,并采用Flynn-Wall-Ozawa,Friedman和Kissinger三种方法计算了共混物的热降解反应活化能(Ea)。结果表明,复合材料呈现单一阶段的降解过程,Nano-diamond有助于提高材料的热稳定性。复合材料的热稳定性随Nano-diamond含量的增加先增大后减小,当其含量为3%时,复合材料的热稳定性最好,热降解反应的Ea提高了5-30 kJ/mol。 相似文献
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硅酸盐纳米短纤维增强三元乙丙橡胶复合材料的结构与性能 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
用硅烷偶联剂改性针状硅酸盐(FS)与三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)机械共混,制备了EPDM/改性FS复合材料,研究了FS在EPDM中的分散性,考察了偶联剂和改性FS用量、FS所含自由水对复合材料力学性能和各向异性的影响.结果表明,经过偶联荆改性的FS能够解离成纳米纤维均匀分散于EPDM中,每100份FS的偶联刺最佳用量为24份;EPDM/改性FS复舍材料具有短纤维增强橡胶复合材料的应力-应变特征和力学性能的各向异性,且随改性FS和偶联剂的用量增加,这种力学行为更加明显;FS中所舍自由水对复合材料的常温和高温拉伸性能有明显影响. 相似文献
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《工程塑料应用》2007,35(8):76-77
本发明涉及一种纳米复合材料技术,具体为一种环氧树脂/层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料及其制备方法。这种环氧树脂/层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料由100份环氧树脂、0.001~10份脂肪胺、0.5~50份层状硅酸盐、10~100份固化剂组成。其制备过程为:①对层状硅酸盐进行插层处理;②将经插层处理的层状硅酸盐在搅拌条件下加入到环氧树脂中,在60~100℃反应10~60 min;③向含有插层处理的层状硅酸盐的环氧树脂中加入固化剂,在10~120℃固化5 min至7d。本发明可在常温下固化得到剥离型环氧树脂/层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料,所得纳米复合材料中解离的蒙脱土片层分散更均匀,充分发挥增强基体的作用。 相似文献
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Summary: Ternary nanocomposites based on polycarbonate (PC), poly(propylene) (PP), and attapulgite (AT) were prepared via the method of two‐step melt blending, by which the AT was blended with PP prior to compound with PC. Structure and properties of the ternary PC/PP/AT nanocomposites were investigated. The degradation of PC triggered by AT during direct blending process can be inhibited effectively by using two‐step melt blending. It was found that the morphology of encapsulation structure like sandbag was formed in PC matrix, where PP encapsulated AT fibrillar single crystals. DSC experiments showed that in PC/PP/AT ternary nanocomposites, AT had a strong heterophase nucleation effect on PP, resulting in the enhancement of crystallization degree and the crystallization temperature of PP. DMA and mechanical property results showed that the ternary nanocomposites exhibited good balanced toughness and stiffness.
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Masaki Mitsunaga Yasuhito Ito Suprakas Sinha Ray Masami Okamoto Katsuhiko Hironaka 《大分子材料与工程》2003,288(7):543-548
Intercalated polycarbonate (PC)/clay nanocomposites (PCCN)s have been prepared successfully through the melt intercalation method in the presence of a compatibilizer. The internal structure and morphology of the PCCNs has been established by using wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXD) analyses and transmission electron microscopic (TEM) observations. The morphology of these nanocomposites and degradation of the PC matrix after nanocomposites preparation can be controlled by varying surfactants used for the modification of clay and compatibilizer. The intercalated PCCNs exhibited remarkable improvements of mechanical properties when compared with PC without clay. We also discuss foam processing of one representative PCCN using supercritical CO2 as a foaming agent.
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聚丙烯/蒙脱土纳米复合材料研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
简要介绍了蒙脱+(MMT)的结构、插层原理和表面修饰方法,并介绍了聚丙烯(PP)/MMT纳米复合材料的制备原理和方法。综述了PP/MMT纳米复合材料的国内外研究进展。 相似文献
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《国际聚合物材料杂志》2012,61(3):164-171
Polypropylene/clay nanocomposites (PP/I.44P, PPCNs) were prepared in a twin-screw extruder using maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (MAPP) as a compatibilizer. The intercalation of polypropylene into nanoclay particles was studied using X-ray diffraction. Rheological properties of the nanocomposites were investigated using a rheometer. The enhanced complex viscosity at low frequency regime indicated that the melt elasticity and melt strength of the nanocomposites were improved by adding nanoclay. The non-isothermal crystallization behavior of the nanocomposites was studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) at various cooling rates and was analyzed with the Avrami method. It was found that the nanoclay acted as a heterogeneous nucleating agent resulted in higher crystallization temperature and higher crystallization rate than neat PP. Polarized optical microscopy revealed that the spherulites in the nanocomposites were finer than in the neat system. 相似文献
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聚丙烯/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备与性能研究 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
以马来酸酐接枝低分子量聚丙烯为相容剂,采用双螺杆挤出机熔融挤出法,制备插层型聚丙烯/有机钠基蒙脱土、聚丙烯/酸化有机化钠基蒙脱土、聚丙烯/钠基蒙脱土3种纳米复合材料,发现有机钠基蒙脱土、酸化有机化钠基蒙脱土和钠基蒙脱土对PP力学性能和燃烧性能均有一定程度的提高。经X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察,发现有机钠基蒙脱土片层间距增幅最大,复合材料的燃烧性能也有很大提高。 相似文献
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综述了原料性能、加工设备和加工工艺对于聚丙烯/黏土纳米复合材料制备过程的重要影响。原料性能方面,当前的研究表明,聚丙烯的分子结构参数、黏土性能、相容剂性能对复合材料的结构与性能具有重要影响。均聚聚丙烯和共聚聚丙烯的相对分子质量越小,越有利于得到"插层结构"的复合材料;而相对分子质量越大,越不利于高分子链进入黏土层间,但一旦进入层间却有利于片层分离,得到"剥离结构"的复合材料。黏土的有机化处理和处理后黏土的阳离子交换能力越大越有利于"插层"和"剥离"的进行。相容剂马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-MAH)的相对分子质量和接枝率对于"插层结构"和"剥离结构"的获得均有影响,低相对分子质量、高接枝率的 PP-g-MAH 有利于"插层结构"的获得,而高相对分子质量、低接枝率的 PP-g-MAH 有利于部分"剥离结构"的获得;加工设备方面,当前的研究表明,双螺杆挤出机依然是制备聚丙烯纳米复合材料的重要选择,而且高剪切速率的螺杆有利于得到"剥离结构"的复合材料,但是过高的剪切速率和物料在螺杆内的较长停留时间却不利于"剥离结构"的稳定。此外,在双螺杆挤出机上增加电熔融管,通过其产生的电场可以得到"剥离结构"的复合材料;加工工艺... 相似文献
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采用聚酰胺-胺(PAMAM)树枝状大分子对硅烷偶联剂处理过的凹凸棒石(ATP)进行接枝改性,制得改性粒子ATP-PAMAM.通过热重-差热分析(TG/DTA)和红外光谱(FIIR)表征了PAMAM在ATP表面的接枝效果.以该ATP-PAMAM为分散相,PP-g-MAH为相容剂与聚丙烯(PP)基体熔融共混制备了PP/ATP-PAMAM复合材料.结果表明:用ATP-PAMAM制得的复合材料比用未处理的ATP制得的复合材料具有更好的综合力学性能;ATP-PAMAM呈纳米棒状均匀分散在PP基体中,通过与PP-g-MAH发生化学反应,提高了与PP的相容性,与基体结合良好;具有异相成核作用,使PP的结晶度有较大提高. 相似文献