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1.
作为惯性约束核聚变(ICF)第一代靶丸,空心玻璃微球(HGM)内充燃料气体的组分、比例和密度均有严格要求,气体总量的测定至关重要。介绍了同位素稀释质谱法(IDMS)测定空心玻璃微球内氘气气体总量的分析方法。该方法采用氢气为稀释剂,活性炭作为吸附剂制备氘气和氢气的混合气体,用质谱计测定样品中氢同位素丰度。通过热力学公式推导、计算,求得HGM内氘气摩尔数。实验结果表明:用IDMS法测量HGM内痕量氘气总量切实可行,其测量下限为10-8 mol,测量结果的相对标准偏差小于5%(n=4或3,按照极差法计算),符合测量要求。  相似文献   

2.
研制了在线检测氘基体中痕量氦的分析装置,包括气体进样部分、锆铝泵氘氦分离系统和四极质谱仪。研究结果表明,在线分析方法的氦-4检出限可达4×10~8个原子。  相似文献   

3.
本文叙述所建立的微量锂同位素质谱分析方法及痕量锂的同位素稀释质谱分析方法。分析工作的探测系统采用了电子倍增器。对~6Li及~7Li的质量分馏效应与分歧效应的校正因子进行了实验测定。利用Li_2SO_4及LiNO_3进行同位素的分析,用样量为(1—4)×10~(-8)克,测量结果精确度优于±0.8%。借助于同位素稀释质谱法,对某些特纯的化学试剂痕量锂做了测定。测定特纯水中痕量锂灵敏度为10~(-12)克/毫升(取水样50毫升),结果准确度为±4%。  相似文献   

4.
研究采用ELITE SXP-50型低分辨率四极质谱计(QMS)在不制备HD样标的条件下精确测量并计算混合气体中的氕氘分压比CH/CD的方法。标定结果表明:QMS对H2及D2的响应与氕、氘气体压力呈良好线性,且有直线斜率K(H2)=2K(D2)的关系,并据此推断K(HD)=1.5K(D2)。对已知氕氘摩尔比为1.01-4.02的混合气体试样进行了测定,计算得到混合气体中的CH/CD比与给定值间的相对偏差小于4.0%。用CD/CH=1.05的标准混合气体进行了方法验证,4次测定的CD/CH平均值为1.07,与标准值的相对偏差为1.9%。验证实验证实:所推断出的K(HD)=1.5K(D2)关系是可靠的,利用此型号四极质谱计可较精确地测定氕、氘混合气体中的氕氘比CH/CD。  相似文献   

5.
研究采用ELITE SXP-50型低分辨率四极质谱计(QMS)在不制备HD标样的条件下精确测量并计算混合气体中的氕氘分压比CH/CD的方法.标定结果表明:QMS对H2及D2的响应与氕、氘气体压力呈良好线性,且有直线斜率K(H2)=2K(D2)的关系,并据此推断K(HD)=1.5K(D2).对已知氕氘摩尔比为1.01~4.02的混合气体试样进行了测定,计算得到混合气体中的CH/CD比与给定值间的相对偏差小于4.0%.用CD/CH=1.05的标准混合气体进行了方法验证,4次测定的CD/CH平均值为1.07,与标准值的相对偏差为1.9%.验证实验证实:所推断出的K(HD)=1.5K(D2)关系是可靠的,利用此型号四极质谱计可较精确地测定氕、氘混合气体中的氕氘比CH/CD.  相似文献   

6.
本文介绍了累积法测量空气中氡和氡子体的两种可携式监测器,并给出了它们用在室内和环境中测量的初步结果。静电式氡监测器累积照射一周,探测下限约为1.5Bq·m~(-3),其重量约3kg。氡子体浓度监测器重量仅0.35kg,累积取样6小时,探测下限约为6.2×10~(-9)J·m~(-3)。监测器均采用 CaSO_4(Tm)热释光材料作为探测元件。  相似文献   

7.
选取YAP∶Ce闪烁体作为仪器核心部件,建立了接触式测量溶液中微量、痕量钚α活度的分析方法。结果表明:水相钚溶液浓度在5.20×10-5~1.30×10-3 g/L范围内线性良好(R2=0.987 7),定量检测下限为5.20×10-5 g/L;有机相钚溶液浓度在2.27×10-5~1.13×10-3 g/L范围内线性良好(R2=0.992 3),定量检测下限为2.27×10-5 g/L。本分析方法有别于传统的α计数法,过程无需制源,操作简单、方便,有望为后处理工艺过程中微量和痕量钚的在线或实验室分析提供一种新的途径。  相似文献   

8.
一种适用于低产额脉冲中子测量的铜活化探测器研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
研制了一种高探测效率的铜活化探测器,该探测器采用了新型活化样品设计,其立体角因子大于70%,适用于脉冲中子源的中子产额测量.实验表明,该铜活化探测器的探测效率可达到1×10-3以上,测量下限小于106中子/脉冲.  相似文献   

9.
报道了用同位素稀释质谱法测定U_3O_8中的痕量钍。用萃取色层法分离钍。同位素丰度质谱测定精密度为±0.1%。化学处理与质谱测定钍的流程空白值为9×10~(-9)g,方法检测限达到5×10~(-9)g,对于10~(-6)量级痕量钍的U_3O_8样品,测定结果相对标准误差为±3.5%。  相似文献   

10.
报道了用同位素稀释质谱法测定U_3O_8中的痕量钍。用萃取色层法分离钍。同位素丰度质谱测定精密度为±0.1%。化学处理与质谱测定钍的流程空白值为9×10~(-9)g,方法检测限达到5×10~(-9)g,对于10~(-6)量级痕量钍的U_3O_8样品,测定结果相对标准误差为±3.5%。  相似文献   

11.
Zn-doped TiO2 catalysts were prepared using a sol-gel method and characterized by XPS,UV-Vis, BET, XRD in this study. Under the irradiation of simulant sunlight, the photocatalytic activity for the degradation of p-nitrophenol was studied too. After irradiation for 2.5 h, the degradation percentage of p-nitrophenol could rise to more than 80 %. The results showed that the spectrum absorption band edge of Zn/TiO2 powder does not broaden obviously comparing with pure TiO2 powder. Zinc exists as Zn (11). When calcined at 973 K, there is a new phase as ZnTiO3 in Zn/TiO2 catalyst. The order of photocatalytic activity of Zn/TiO2 catalysts calcined at different temperatures for p-nitrophenol is 773 K 〉 673 K 〉 873 K 〉 573 K 〉 973 K and the photocatalytic activity of Zn/TiO2 catalyst calcined at 773 K is better than TiO2 catalysts heated at the same temperature, and outclasses that of commercial TiO2 catalyst. It also showed that the photocatalytic degradation of p-nitrophenol follows first-order kinetics under the irradiation of simulant sunlight.  相似文献   

12.
Radiotherapy for the treatment of prostate cancer has been extensively explored in the past. Along with the comprehensive understanding of the biology of prostate cancer and rapid advances in terms of technology, the out- come of treatment for the patients with prostate cancer has improved. The authors review radiotherapy as the primary treatment for the disease, with particular emphasis on the technological advances from both the radiobiological and radiophysics aspects. Nonconventional fractionated irradiation like hyper- or hypo-fractionation has been imple- mented in the clinic, the final results still need to be confirmed in the future. Technological advances like IMRT, IGRT, in the last two decades have significantly improved the delivery of external radiotherapy to the prostate. This has re- sulted in an overall increase in the total dose that can be safely delivered to the prostate, which has led to modest im- provements in the biochemical outcome. However, establishing the standard therapy for prostate cancer remains con- troversial. It is hoped that the next decades will bring continued advances in the development of biologicals that will further improve current clinical outcomes.  相似文献   

13.
This paper introduces the injection and extraction control system design for SSRF,which is a distributed control system aimed at stability and reliability of the pulse power supplies,PPS(Personnel Protection System)and MPS(Machine Protection System).The hardware environment is mainly based on PLC(Programmable Logic Con- troller),and ARM(Advanced RISC Machine)is also applied for studying stability of the power supplies.WinCC and EPICS(Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System)have been selected as the platforms of SCADA(Super- visory Control and Data Acquisition).For unifying the interfacing to the control computer,all front-end equipments are connected via Industrial Ethemet.  相似文献   

14.
为研究含空气蒸汽在水平管内强制对流冷凝换热特性,基于对传热传质过程的分析,建立了管内为环状流与波状流条件下的流动冷凝换热模型。从潜热、显热和液膜3个环节对整个换热过程进行建模,最终得到计算局部冷凝换热系数的理论关系式。模型预测结果与实验数据的对比表明,二者相对偏差在±20%以内,验证了该换热模型的准确性与适用性。通过进一步的研究发现:从换热管入口至出口,随着冷凝的进行,管内换热主要热阻由液膜热阻向气液界面的凝结热阻转变;主流气体对流换热过程基本可忽略。  相似文献   

15.
Experiments were carried out to investigate the possible use of neutron backscattering for the detection of polyethylene (PE) sample buried in the soil. In detection of landmine by neutrons, the neutron detector and its shield play an important role. In this paper, the effects of graphite, heavy water, polyethylene and boric acid moderators on the flux of back scattered neutrons were investigated. We have also experimentally verified the effect of BF3 detector shield and obtained good agreement with theory.  相似文献   

16.
Accelerator database stores various static parameters and real-time data of accelerator. SSRF (Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility) adopts relational database to save the data. We developed a data retrieval system based on XML Web Services for accessing the archive data. It includes a bottom layer interface and an interface applicable for accelerator physics. Client samples exemplifying how to consume the interface are given. The users can browse, retrieve and plot data by the client samples. Also, we give a method to test its stability. The test result and performance are described.  相似文献   

17.
Distributions of natural gamma-emitting radionuclides were determined in 93 oil samples collected from some petroleum fields in the western desert of Egypt. The radioisotope activities in the area under investigation lay in the range of (21 ± 4) to (38 ± 13) Bq?L-1 for 226Ra, (9 ± 2) to (15 ± 5) Bq?L-1 for 232Th, and (154 ± 28) to (303 ± 54) Bq?L-1 for 40K. The mean values were 27, 12, and 201 Bq?L-1, respectively. Among oils, variations in radionuclide ac- tivities could be on account of differences in TDS, HCO3, and Ba, with high or low pH. In this environment, oil prop- erties differently affected the mobilization of natural radionuclides. The range of 226Ra variation had been compared with available data from other countries. The calculated absorbed dose rate ranged from 22.33 to 32.66 nGy?h-1 in lo- cation (B) and (E) respectively, which was less than the accepted value.  相似文献   

18.
In this work,TTHMP was synthesized and labelled with 117m Sn.The preparation conditions,stability and lipophilicity of 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP were investigated.Biodistribution of the complex in rabbits and mice was studied.It was found that the quantity of TTHMP and pH value of the prepararion solution had vital effects on the labeling yield of 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP.It was also found that 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP was hydrophilic and stable at room temperature and 37℃ in open air 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP showed unexpectedly high bone uptake and bone-to-blood ratio in the animals.This made it potentially useful as an reagent for skeletal scintigraphy and radiotherapy of bone tumors.  相似文献   

19.
Monitoring results of gamma dose rate level in 1992~2004 in the ambient environment of the Qinshan Nuclear Power Plants(QNPP)Base,the northeast of Zhejiang Province,are reported in this paper.It is shown that the gamma dose rate of five monitoring sites of 2.5 km to QNPP Base is 84~113 nGy/h,with an average of 96 nGy/h in the 13 years.The average value is close to the background level of 93 nGy/h prior to operation of the QNPP Base,and is lower than the monitoring result of 101 nGy/h at the reference site in Hangzhou City.Within 50 km from the QNPP Base,the cumulative dose rate of the thermoluminescent dosimeter(TLD)is 90 nGy/h,which is lower than the back- ground level of 111 nGy/h.  相似文献   

20.
Linear accelerators equipped with multileaf collimators (MLC) are becoming more common and are widely used in the intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). There is an imperative need to ensure the commissioning specification of the linear accelerators for the sake of quality assurance (QA) and quality control (QC). This paper is aimed to investigate the role of AGFA high-energy CR (Computed Radiography) in calibrating dynamic multileaf collimators and evaluating the accuracy of the leaf position. The result shows that AGFA high-energy CR can easily and conveniently be used to calibrate MLC and verify its position. Hence, the application of AGFA high-energy CR is proved to be an accurate and time-saving method for routine MLC QC, especially when MLC calibration adjustments are required.  相似文献   

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