Effect of Y content on microstructure and mechanical properties of 2519 aluminum alloy

The effects of yttrium（Y） content on precipitation hardening, elevated temperature mechanical properties and morphologies of 2519 aluminum alloy were investigated by means of microhardness test, tensile test, optical microscopy（OM）, transmission electron microscopy（TEM） and scanning electron microscopy（SEM）. The results show that the tensile strength increases from 485 MPa to 490 MPa by increasing Y content from 0 to 0.10%（mass fraction） at room temperature, and from 155 MPa to 205 MPa by increasing Y content from 0 to 0.20% at 300 ~C. The high strength of 2519 aluminum alloy is attributed to the high density of fine 0＇ precipitates and intermetallic compound AICuY with high thermal stability. Addition of Y above 0.20% in 2519 aluminum alloy may induce the decrease in the tensile strength both at room temperature （20 ℃） and 300℃.     

强变形工艺对2519A铝合金组织与性能的影响

通过硬度测试、拉伸性能测试、透射电镜观察等分析手段研究了不同强变形工艺下2519A铝合金的力学性能与微观组织。结果表明,经50%的冷轧变形和165 ℃人工时效后,2519A合金的力学性能明显提高,其抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率分别为522 MPa、468 MPa和8.5%。而在冷变形前添加165 ℃×2 h预时效处理,合金的力学性能进一步提高,其抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率分别达到535 MPa、497 MPa和8%。预时效处理可以提高合金中θ′相的密度,使析出相分布更加均匀,有助于提高合金的力学性能。     

Effect of T6-treatments on microstructure and mechanical properties of forged Al-4.4Cu-0.7Mg-0.6Si alloy

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), hardness tests and tensile tests were performed to investigate the effect of aging on microstructure and mechanical properties of forged Al-4.4Cu-0.7Mg-0.6Si alloy. The results show that the alloy exhibits splendid mechanical properties with an ultimate tensile strength of 504 MPa and an elongation of 10.1% after aging at 170 °C for 16 h. With tensile testing temperature increasing to 150 °C, the strength of the alloy declines slightly to 483 MPa. Then, the strength drops quickly when temperature reaches over 200 °C. The high strength of the alloy in peak-aged condition is caused by a considerable amount of θ′ and AlMgSiCu (Q) precipitates. The relatively stable mechanical properties tested below 150 °C are mainly ascribed to the stability of θ′ precipitates. The growth of θ′ and Q precipitates and the generation of θ phase lead to a rapid drop of the strength when temperature is over 150 °C.     

Effect of Yb addition on strength and fracture toughness of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr aluminum alloy

The effect of Yb addition on the strength and fracture toughness of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr aluminum alloy was investigated by measuring tensile properties and fracture toughness. The surface morphology was observed by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The results show that Yb addition can produce fine coherent Yb contained dispersoids. Those dispersoids trend to inhibit AI matrix recrystallization and retain the recovery deformed microstructure. Compared with Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr alloy, Yb contained alloy demonstrates mechanical property improvements from 710 MPa to 747 MPa for ultimate strength, from 684 MPa to 725 MPa for yield strength, from 21 MPa·m1/2 to 29 MPa·m1/2 for fracture toughness with T6 treatment.     

Effect of Cu on microstructure and mechanical properties of 2519 aluminum alloy

The effect of Cu on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 2519 aluminum alloy was investigated by means of tensile test, microhardness test, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The results show that when the content of Cu is less than 6.0%, the strength of 2519 aluminum alloy increases with the increase of Cu eontent; when the content of Cu is more than 6.0%, the strength of the alloy decreases. The hardening effect of the aged alloy is accelerated at 180℃ and the time to peak age is reduced, but the plasticity of the alloy gradually decreases with the increase of Cu content. However, the hardening effect of the aged alloy decreases with the increase of Cu as the content of Cu is over 6.0%. The optimal content of Cu of 2519 aluminum alloy is 6.0%, at which the alloy has best tensile strength and plasticity.     

Microstructures and tensile properties of as-extruded Mg-Sn binary alloys

The microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-xSn(x=3,7 and 14,mass fraction,%) alloys extruded indirectly at 300℃ were investigated by means of optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy and tensile test.The grain size of theα-Mg matrix decreases from 220,160 and 93μm after the homogenization treatment to 28,3 and 16μm in the three alloys after extrusion,respectively.The results show that the grain refinement is most remarkable in the as-extruded Mg-7Sn alloy.At the same time,the amount of the Mg2Sn particles remarkably increases in the Mg-7Sn alloy with very uniform distribution in theα-Mg matrix.In contrast,the Mg2Sn phase inherited from the solidification with a large size is mainly distributed along grain boundary in the Mg-14Sn alloy.The tensile tests at room temperature show that the ultimate tensile strength of the as-extruded Mg-7Sn alloy is the highest,i.e.,255 MPa,increased by 120%as compared with that of as-cast samples.     

T916形变热处理工艺对2519A铝合金组织、力学性能及抗弹性能的影响

借助金相显微镜、透射电镜、拉伸测试、抗弹性能测试等手段研究T916新型形变热处理对2519A铝合金组织、力学性能和抗弹性能的影响。经T916工艺处理的2519A铝合金,其屈服强度、抗拉强度、伸长率分别达到501MPa、540MPa、14％。30mm厚的2519A-T916铝合金板材的极限穿透速度达715m／s。弹坑侧壁组织随着弹孔深度的变化而变化。T916热处理工艺中的断续时效阶段是2519A铝合金性能提升的关键。低温下的时效使得GP区变得密集,从而使得后续相的析出也变得更为密集、细小。     

时效工艺对2519A铝合金力学性能及抗应力腐蚀开裂性能的影响

通过常温拉伸实验、慢应变拉伸应力腐蚀实验、极化曲线测试及透射电镜等研究了不同时效工艺对2519A合金的力学性能和抗应力腐蚀开裂性能的影响.结果表明:与传统的2519A-T87合金相比,再时效时间为19 h的2519A-T9I7合金同时具有优异的力学性能和良好的抗应力腐蚀开裂性能.这是由于2519A-T9I7合金在T9I...     

固溶和双级时效对反挤压2A12铝合金组织和性能的影响

采用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱分析、X射线衍射(XRD)和常温万能拉伸试验机等观察检测手段,针对由反挤压工艺制备的2A12铝合金经过不同的固溶加双级时效(T6)处理,观察并分析在不同条件下处理前、后试样的微观组织和力学性能之间的联系。结果表明:在不同的固溶温度下,得到505℃×1 h的晶粒尺寸细小且弥散相沿晶界序列排布,残留共晶相溶解较充分,力学性能佳。继而分别研究双级时效温度和时间对合金组织和性能的影响,得到在100℃×2 h+200℃×5 h时合金的抗拉强度最高,达到450. 5 MPa,伸长率为14%,晶体中析出大量强化相θ(Al2Cu)和纳米级S相(Al2CuMg),并且弥散分布着难以随温度和时间溶解的T相(Al20Cu2Mn3)。     

时效对热旋压TC11钛合金组织及性能的影响

采用光学显微镜、透射电镜、X射线衍射仪、拉伸试验机等研究了时效对双重退火态TC11钛合金原料热旋压成型后的显微组织和力学性能的影响,并确定了最佳的时效温度范围。结果表明,与双重退火态TC11钛合金原料相比,热旋压后的抗拉强度提高了近17%,硬度提高了约8 HRC,再经560 ℃×3 h时效后,抗拉强度由1195 MPa提高至1240 MPa,硬度提升约1 HRC,综合力学性能和硬度得到进一步提高。热旋压和时效均能促进软韧相β相向强化相α相转变。300~600 ℃时效时,抗拉强度均大于1200 MPa,并在580 ℃达到最大为1242 MPa。随着温度的升高,断后伸长率有所下降并在高于580 ℃时降至8%以下。热力学计算结果表明500~560 ℃温度范围内β相向α相的转变倾向最大,在此温度范围内进行时效最为适宜。     

不同处理态Al-Mg-Si铝合金的组织性能

采用扫描电镜、透射电镜、能谱分析和拉伸测试等手段,研究了热处理对Y、Zr微合金化Al-Mg-Si铝合金显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:添加Y、Zr有助于细化合金铸态晶粒,合金铸态组织在晶界处有明显的偏析,经535 ℃×14 h均匀化处理后偏析现象得到改善。合金经热挤压后,沿挤压方向分布着大量的第二相,随着固溶温度的增加,第二相逐渐溶解在铝基体中。时效处理后,合金中弥散分布着大量的β″相以及其他细小的析出相,起到第二相强化的作用。合金经530 ℃×2 h固溶+180 ℃×8 h时效热处理后的力学性能最佳,抗拉强度达408 MPa,伸长率为14.8%。     

耐热低膨胀高硅铝合金的成形与性能

利用超声振动半固态流变压铸成形的方法制备出含20%Si的AlSiCuMgNiRE合金,研究了这种合金的组织、高温性能及热膨胀性能。结果表明,P与稀土复合变质的高硅铝合金,300℃的高温抗拉强度达到167 MPa,室温强度达到310 MPa;25~300℃内的热膨胀系数为17.4×10-6(1/℃)。添加2%Fe的高硅铝合金,由于针状富Fe相割裂基体,力学性能大幅度降低。而通过超声处理可改变富Fe相的形态,其室温及高温力学性能提高。     

固溶前预退火处理对6111铝合金组织与性能的影响

系统研究了固溶前预退火温度对6111铝合金冷轧板和T4P态组织和力学性能的影响。测试了力学性能,计算了LDR值;表征了显微组织、SEM组织和XRD织构构成。结果表明:预退火温度对6111铝合金的屈服强度影响较小;经300 ℃×2 h预退火处理后,抗拉强度发生明显降低,由245 MPa降低到230 MPa;当预退火温度高于100 ℃后,伸长率呈直线下降。n值和r值均随预退火温度先升高后降低,n值在200 ℃时达到最大值0.289,r值在100 ℃时达到最大值0.958。200 ℃×2 h预退火处理后,LDR值达到最大值2.005。经300 ℃×2 h预退火处理后,T4P态基体晶粒尺寸明显长大,在60~150 μm范围。200 ℃×2 h预退火处理试样,T4P态Cube织构体积分数最高,达到了13.5%。     

不同固溶制度对6082铝合金力学性能和腐蚀性能的影响

采用拉伸力学性能试验、电导率性能试验、剥落腐蚀试验、晶间腐蚀试验、光学显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜等研究了不同固溶工艺对轨道交通用6082合金板材力学性能和腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明:530~560℃固溶及180℃时效处理后,6082合金板材的屈服强度和抗拉强度随着固溶温度升高而升高,而伸长率几乎保持不变。在530~560℃不同温度固溶处理的时效态6082板材的剥落腐蚀等级均为N级,显示出良好的耐剥落腐蚀性能,最大晶间腐蚀深度随着固溶温度升高而增加。不同温度固溶处理后时效态6082合金板材的晶界处均没有沉淀物析出,晶界附近的无沉淀析出带(PFZ)越宽,最大晶间腐蚀深度越深。     

累积叠轧温度对AZ31镁合金组织和性能的影响

通过光学显微镜、室温拉伸试验、显微硬度计、X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜等方法研究了累积叠轧温度对AZ31镁合金晶粒尺寸、基面织构、界面结合情况及力学性能的影响。结果表明:3道次累积叠轧后的AZ31镁合金晶粒细化效果明显,硬度增大,随着累积叠轧温度的升高,晶粒细化效果减弱,硬度增加趋势减弱。累积叠轧温度升高有弱化基面织构的作用。AZ31镁合板材在450 ℃累积叠轧3道次,综合力学性能最佳,为显微硬度70.64 HV0.05,抗拉强度288.64 MPa,屈服强度203.76 MPa,伸长率16.96%,界面结合强度21.53 MPa。     

稀土Ho对ZA52合金显微组织及力学性能的影响

采用OM、XRD、SEM、EDS和高温拉伸试验机研究了不同Ho含量对ZA52合金的微观组织与力学性能的影响.结果表明,加入Ho能够细化基体组织,使Mg32 (Al,Zn)40相由半连续网状结构转变为孤岛状或颗粒状,同时会生成花瓣状和块状的Al2Ho相.当Ho含量超过0.5％时,花瓣状Al2Ho逐渐消失,块状相逐渐增多,随着Ho含量的增加,常温和高温下的抗拉强度和伸长率都有了显著的提高.其中添加Ho含量为1.5％时,常温抗拉强度σb和伸长率δ达到最大值分别为234.3 MPa、13.6％.高温抗拉强度σb为117.5 MPa,高温伸长率无明显变化.加Ho后的合金200℃下断裂方式属于以韧性为主的准解理断裂和韧窝断裂的混合断裂形式.     

Effect of thermomechanical treatment on the microstructure,phase composition,and mechanical properties of Al–Cu–Mn–Mg–Zr alloy

The effect of the thermomechanical treatment on the microstructure, phase composition, and mechanical properties of heat-treatable AA2519 aluminum alloy (according to the classification of the Aluminum Association) has been considered. After solid-solution treatment, quenching, and artificial aging (T6 treatment) at 180°C for the peak strength, the yield stress, ultimate tensile strength, and elongation to failure are ~300 MPa, 435 MPa, and 21.7%, respectively. It has been shown that treatments that include intermediate plastic deformations with degrees of 7 and 15% (T87 and T815 treatments, respectively) have a significant effect on the phase composition and morphology of strengthening particles precipitated during peak aging T8X type, where X is pre-strain percent, treatments initiate the precipitation of significant amounts of particles of the θ′- and Ω-phases. After T6 treatment, predominantly homogeneously distributed particles of θ″-phase have been observed. Changes in the microstructure and phase composition of the AA2519 alloy, which are caused by intermediate deformation, lead to a significant increase in the yield stress and ultimate tensile strength (by ~40 and ~8%, respectively), whereas the plasticity decreases by 40–50%.     

添加0.2%Sn对Al-Si-Mg合金组织及力学性能的影响

采用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱分析(EDS)以及拉伸测试等方法,研究了0.2%的Sn元素对Al-Si-Mg系铝合金铸态以及T6热处理状态下的组织形貌演变以及力学性能的影响。结果表明:添加0.2%的Sn元素能够细化共晶硅相形貌,并使初生α-Al晶粒更加均匀,减少并改善了有害杂质相形貌及分布,在T6(535 ℃固溶6 h＋160 ℃时效5 h)状态下的规定塑性延伸强度和抗拉强度分别达到了262.3 MPa和305.1 MPa,伸长率为4.32%,比未添加Sn时的基础合金分别提高了9.8%和12.4%,伸长率提高了22.6%。     

Effect of secondary aging on microstructure and properties of cast Al-Cu-Mg alloy

To obtain better comprehensive properties of cast Al-Cu-Mg alloys, the secondary aging (T6I6) process (including initial aging, interrupted aging and re-aging stages) was optimized by an orthogonal method. The microstructures of the optimized Al-Cu-Mg alloy were observed by means of scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, and the properties were investigated by hardness measurements, tensile tests, exfoliation corrosion tests, and intergranular corrosion tests. Results show that the S phase and θ′ phase simultaneously exist in the T6I6 treated alloy. Appropriately increasing the temperature of the interrupted aging in the T6I6 process can improve the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of Al-Cu-Mg alloy. The optimal comprehensive properties (tensile strength of 443.6 MPa, hardness of 161.6 HV) of the alloy are obtained by initial aging at 180 °C for 2 h, interrupted aging at 90 °C for 30 min, and re-aging at 170 °C for 4 h.

     

淬火水温对Al-Mg-Si系合金力学性能和耐腐蚀性的影响

采用拉伸性能测试、光学显微镜、扫描电镜和电化学性能测试等方法研究了固溶处理时冷却水温度对Al-Mg-Si系合金性能的影响。结果表明:固溶处理时,随着淬火水温的升高,合金的抗拉强度、屈服强度变化不明显,而合金的伸长率与硬度有所降低,即20 ℃水温淬火时合金具有良好的综合力学性能,显微硬度为129.4 HV0.3,抗拉强度为 352.2 MPa,屈服强度为 300.9 MPa;同时合金的抗晶间腐蚀性逐渐下降,而抗剥落腐蚀性影响不大,均为PC等级。因此,20 ℃水温淬火时合金具有最佳的抗晶间腐蚀性能,最大腐蚀深度为231.4 μm,这与电化学性能测试结果相对应,此时的腐蚀电位最大,为-0.834 V。