铝螯合剂DFP对荷铝大鼠脾脏及附睾中铝和必需元素的影响

目的探讨铝螯合剂1，2-二甲基-3-羟基-4-吡啶酮（1，2-dimethyl-3-hydroxy-4．pyridone，DFP）对荷铝大鼠脾脏及附睾中铝的促排作用及组织中锌、铜、铁、钙、镁等必需元素的影响。方法随机将30只雄性Wistar大鼠分为6组：阴性对照组、铝染毒组、预防组及低、中、高剂量组，AlCl3染毒3周后分别给予不同剂量的DFP1周，测定脾脏及附睾中铝、锌、铜、铁、钙、镁等元素的含量。结果铝染毒组大鼠脾脏、附睾中的铝含量均显著高于阴性对照组，预防组、低、中、高剂量组显著低于铝染毒组，且高剂量组与阴性对照组的差异无统计学意义；铝染毒组大鼠脾脏铜含量显著低于阴性对照组，中、高剂量组显著高于铝染毒组，且与阴性对照组的差异无统计学意义；各组大鼠脾脏中锌、铁、钙、镁含量的差异均无统计学意义；铝染毒组大鼠附睾中的锌含量显著低于阴性对照组，预防组、低、中、高剂量组显著高于铝染毒组，高剂量组与阴性对照组的差异无统计学意义；各组大鼠附睾中铜、铁、钙、镁含量的差异均无统计学意义。结论铝摄人量过多可使铝在脾脏及附睾中蓄积，DFP可促进铝的排出，且对锌、铜、铁、钙、镁等元素在体内的平衡不产生影响。     

大豆异黄酮对良性前列腺增生大鼠抗氧化作用的研究

目的：本研究探讨补充不同剂量大豆异黄酮对大鼠前列腺增生的影响,并初步探讨大豆异黄酮的抗氧化作用与抑制前列腺增生的关系。方法：应用丙酸睾酮诱导大鼠前列腺增生,观察正常对照组、模型组、低、中、高剂量大豆异黄酮组大鼠前列腺的湿重、前列腺指数、前列腺组织匀浆中TAOC、GSH、CAT、SOD等各项抗氧化指标和MDA水平的改变。结果：低、中、高剂量组大鼠前列腺湿重及前列腺指数均显著低于模型组(p＜0.05);与模型组相比,低中高剂量组的CAT、TAOC、SOD、GSH显著升高,而MDA显著降低(p＜0.05)。中剂量组效果最为明显。结论：大豆异黄酮可以显著抑制大鼠前列腺增生,明显提高大鼠的抗氧化能力。大豆异黄酮可能对预防和辅助治疗前列腺增生有一定的作用。     

南瓜籽甾醇对大鼠前列腺增生 及抗氧化能力的影响

将提取纯化的南瓜籽甾醇作用于丙酸睾酮诱导构建的前列腺增生大鼠模型,研究其对大鼠前列腺增生及抗氧化能力的影响。将50只雄性SD大鼠分为对照组,模型组,南瓜籽甾醇高、中、低剂量组,实验结束后分别测定其前列腺湿重、前列腺指数（PI）、前列腺酸性磷酸酶（PACP）活性及抗氧化指标中的总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）水平、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性和丙二醛（MDA）含量,同时对前列腺组织形态进行切片观察。结果表明：与模型组相比,南瓜籽甾醇高剂量组的前列腺湿重、PI、PACP活性与MDA含量显著降低,并且南瓜籽甾醇中、高剂量组的T-AOC水平、SOD活性显著升高。以上指标的变化均呈现出南瓜籽甾醇高剂量组优于中剂量组的趋势。同时,与模型组相比,南瓜籽甾醇中、高剂量组大鼠前列腺组织细胞受损状况均有所改善,南瓜籽甾醇高剂量组的改善效果更明显。因此,南瓜籽甾醇在一定程度上具有改善大鼠前列腺增生及提高大鼠前列腺组织的抗氧化能力的作用。     

日粮不同氟水平对生长猪微量元素沉积的影响

96头杜长大三元杂交猪，随机分为4组，第1组为对照组，饲喂基础日粮（含氟量37．39mg／kg），第2、3和4组分别饲喂含氟（以NaF形式添加）量为100，150，200mg／kg的日粮，研究日粮中不同氟水平对猪生长性能以及不同组织器官铁、铜、锌和锰沉积的影响。实验结果表明，第3、4组生长猪日增重与对照组相比分别降低了6．25％（P〈0．05）和8．22％（P〈0．05），料重比分别升高了7．37％（P〈0．05）和8．07％（P〈0．05）。而第2组猪的生长性能与对照组相比均无显著差异（P〉0．05）。另一方面，实验结果表明第3、4组氟的添加与对照组相比除显著增加了生长猪肾锌的沉积外（P〈0．05），均显著降低了大多数组织器官铁、铜、锌和锰的沉积（P〈0．05）。而第2组氟的添加量对于各微量元素在组织器官中的沉积与对照组相比均无显著差异（P〉0．05）。     

饲喂磺胺间甲氧嘧啶对肉鸡肌肉中蛋白质、脂肪和矿物质的影响

探讨饲喂磺胺间甲氧嘧啶对鸡体质量以及鸡肉中水分、蛋白质、脂肪和矿物质元素含量变化的影响规律。本实验通过对160 只健康大骨鸡进行磺胺间甲氧嘧啶对照（仅饲喂基础日粮）、低、中、高剂量（0、25、200、500 mg/（kg·d））连续7 d给药,停药后16 d内采6 次样,取样前对鸡进行称质量,并检测鸡肉中水分、蛋白质、脂肪和矿物质元素（铁、铜、镁、锌和钙）的含量。结果表明：停药后16 d内,低剂量组鸡体质量显著增加,蛋白质和镁元素的含量升高;中剂量组鸡体内水分、脂肪和钙元素含量显著升高,铁元素含量显著降低;高剂量组鸡体质量增加缓慢且显著低于对照组,鸡肉中蛋白质、脂肪和铁元素的含量均显著降低。     

不同氨基酸螯合锌对小鼠抗氧化能力的影响

研究了三种形式锌源对小鼠抗氧化能力的影响。选用断奶小鼠(KM种)81只,随机分为三组(硫酸锌组、蛋氨酸锌组和亮氨酸锌组)。实验第一周,饲喂缺锌日粮。实验第8d起,三组饲喂加锌日粮。三种锌源均能提高肝脏、血清锌含量。补锌能使血清MDA含量明显下降,不同锌源间差异不显著(p>0.05)。补锌7d后,三种锌源提高了小鼠总抗氧化能力、总SOD、铜锌超氧化物歧化酶活性、谷胱甘肽含量,蛋氨锌组和亮氨酸锌组优于硫酸锌组酸(p<0.05)。亮氨酸锌,蛋氨酸锌的抗氧化能力优于硫酸锌,氨基酸螯合锌组之间抗氧化能力的差异不大。     

铝螯合剂DFP对荷铝大鼠脾脏及附睾中铝和必需元素的影响

目的探讨铝螯合剂1,2-二甲基-3-羟基-4-吡啶酮(1,2-dimethyl-3-hydroxy-4-pyridone,DFP)对荷铝大鼠脾脏及附睾中铝的促排作用及组织中锌、铜、铁、钙、镁等必需元素的影响。方法随机将30只雄性Wistar大鼠分为6组:阴性对照组、铝染毒组、预防组及低、中、高剂量组,AlCl3染毒3周后分别给予不同剂量的DFP 1周,测定脾脏及附睾中铝、锌、铜、铁、钙、镁等元素的含量。结果铝染毒组大鼠脾脏、附睾中的铝含量均显著高于阴性对照组,预防组、低、中、高剂量组显著低于铝染毒组,且高剂量组与阴性对照组的差异无统计学意义;铝染毒组大鼠脾脏铜含量显著低于阴性对照组,中、高剂量组显著高于铝染毒组,且与阴性对照组的差异无统计学意义;各组大鼠脾脏中锌、铁、钙、镁含量的差异均无统计学意义;铝染毒组大鼠附睾中的锌含量显著低于阴性对照组,预防组、低、中、高剂量组显著高于铝染毒组,高剂量组与阴性对照组的差异无统计学意义;各组大鼠附睾中铜、铁、钙、镁含量的差异均无统计学意义。结论铝摄入量过多可使铝在脾脏及附睾中蓄积,D F P可促进铝的排出,且对锌、铜、铁、钙、镁等元素在体内的平衡不产生影响。     

米糠甾醇对非酒精性脂肪性肝炎大鼠的治疗作用

目的：研究米糠植物甾醇对非酒精性脂肪性肝炎（non-alcoholic steatohepatitis,NASH）大鼠的干预治疗作用。方法：实验选用50只健康SD雄性大鼠,随机分为正常对照组、NASH模型组和米糠甾醇低、中、高3个剂量组（65、130、195 mg/kg）。高脂饲料饲喂造模,各实验组同时进行米糠甾醇溶液灌胃干预。13周后观察各组大鼠肝组织病理学特点,测定血清中血脂总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量和谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、一氧化氮合酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性,并比较各组肝脏指数和脾脏指数。结果：肝脏组织切片观察到NASH模型组有明显的肝细胞脂肪变性和炎症聚集浸润,米糠甾醇各治疗组肝组织病变呈现不同程度减轻。NASH模型组血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量、超氧化物歧化酶、一氧化氮合酶、谷丙转氨酶和谷草转氨酶活性与正常对照组相比,均表现出明显异常;米糠甾醇各剂量组与NASH模型组比较,血清谷丙转氨酶显著降低（P＜0.001）、谷草转氨酶/谷丙转氨酶比值显著升高（P＜0.01）;低剂量组血清超氧化物歧化酶（P＜0.05）和一氧化氮合酶（P＜0.001）显著降低;中剂量组血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇显著升高（P＜0.05）。结论：米糠甾醇对大鼠非酒精性脂肪性肝炎有预防与治疗作用。     

两种抗氧化剂对高脂日粮大鼠血脂代谢和抗氧化能力的影响

实验研究了两种抗氧化剂硫辛酸和N-乙酰半胱氨酸对饲喂高脂饲料大鼠血脂代谢及其抗氧化能力的影响.32只SD大鼠分成4组,分别是正常饲料对照组、高脂饲料组、高脂饲料＋硫辛酸（0.1%）组和高脂饲料＋N-乙酰半胱氨酸（0.1%）组.结果表明饲喂高脂饲料可导致大鼠实验性高脂血症,与高脂模型组相比,饲料中添加0.1%的硫辛酸和N-乙酰半胱氨酸可显著降低大鼠血清TG、TC、LDL-C的含量,使动脉粥样硬化指数降低（P＜0.05）,显著增加血清HDL-C的含量（P＜0.05）,显著提高血清LPL和HL的活性;使血清和组织T-AOC、SOD活性、GSH含量显著上升（P＜0.05）,MDA含量显著降低（P＜0.05）.说明添加硫辛酸和N-乙酰半胱氨酸对饲喂高脂饲料大鼠的血脂水平有明显的调节作用,可有效抑制脂质过氧化,预防动脉粥样硬化的发生.     

不同种类蛋白质对大鼠体内微量元素锌、铜、铁、锰代谢的影响研究

目的以酪蛋白为对照,研究大豆蛋白和花生蛋白对生长期大鼠体内锌、铜、铁、锰4种元素代谢的影响.方法36只生长期雄性SD大鼠随机被分为3组--酪蛋白组、大豆蛋白组、花生蛋白组,分别饲喂含20%酪蛋白、大豆蛋白、花生蛋白的人工半合成饲料,28 d后开始连续收集7 d的粪、尿样品,35 d后处死,取大鼠血、肝脏、肾脏和股骨,用原子吸收法测定其锌、铜、铁、锰含量.结果大豆蛋白组尿铁、锰排量、锌和铁的表观吸收率和表观存留率以及肝锌、肝铜和肾脏锰含量均显著高于对照组(P＜0.05),而血清、肾脏和股骨铜含量均显著低于对照组(P＜0.05);花生蛋白组尿中各元素排泄量、铜和铁的表观吸收率、铜的表观存留率以及肝脏铁含量均显著高于对照组(P＜0.05),而粪铜排泄量显著低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论大豆蛋白质使大鼠对锌和铁的表观吸收率和表观存留率显著增加;花生蛋白质使大鼠对铜的表观吸收率和表观存留率以及对铁的表观吸收率显著增加,提示大豆蛋白质对改善机体锌和铁代谢、花生蛋白质对机体铜和铁代谢的调节具有积极意义.     

油松花粉多糖微波提取及含量测定

目的：从油松花粉多糖中提取多糖,并测定其含量。方法：运用微波提取技术水提醇沉法提取,真空干燥得油松花粉多糖,用苯酚-硫酸法测定多糖含量。结果：测得油松花粉多糖的最佳波长为485nm,多糖含量为3．18g／100g,回收率为99．8％,CV=1．28％（n=3）。结论：首次用微波技术提取油松花粉多糖,操作简便,反应时间短。     

Effect of high fat diets with and without cholesterol on erythrocyte and tissue fatty acids in rats

Male weanling wistar rats were fed synthetic diets containing 20% safflower oil (SFO) or palm oil (PO) with and without cholesterol for a period of six weeks. Erythrocyte membranes were isolated and their fatty acid composition were determined at the end of the experiment. Besides the fatty acid composition of the kidney and spleen lipids were also determined. Erythrocyte membrane, kidney fatty acids of rats fed safflower oil (SFO) had in the majority of variants a higher level of n-6 fatty acids when compared to palm oil group. However, in the spleen, the level of n-6 fatty acids in the palm oil groups were higher than in the safflower oil group. In general the arachidonic acid [20:4 (n-6)] levels were higher in the spleen and erythrocytes particularly in the cholesterol fed groups when compared to the kidney levels. Palm oil fed rats had a higher level of palmitic (16:0) and oleic [18:1 (n-9)] acids. Rats fed diets containing cholesterol significantly reduced the level of stearic (18:0) but increased the level of oleic [18:1 (n-9)]. linoleic [18:2 (n-3)], and arachidonic acids [20:4 (n-6)]. The ratios such as 18:1 (n-9)/18:2 (n-6), 18:1 (n-9)/18:0, 18:2 (n-6)/20:4 (n-6) and 20:4 (n-6)/18:2 (n-6) are all indicative of the normal activity of enzymes involved in the desaturation and elongation. Thus these studies indicate that addition of cholesterol can modify the fatty acid composition in erythrocytes, kidney and spleen lipids.     

蚕蛹油α-亚麻酸对实验性高血脂大鼠的降脂作用

目的：研究蚕蛹油(silkworm pupa oil,SPO)α-亚麻酸(α-linolenic acid)对实验性高血脂大鼠的预防和治疗作用。方法：建立远交群(sprague dawley,SD)大鼠高脂血症模型,预防性及治疗性给予蚕蛹油α-亚麻酸,测定并分析对大鼠血清甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、载脂蛋白A-I(apolipoprotein A-I,Apo A-I)及脂蛋白酯酶(lipoprotein lipase,LPL)和肝脂酶(hepatic lipase,HL)活性的影响。结果：蚕蛹油α-亚麻酸具有显著降低实验性高血脂大鼠血清TC、TG,升高HDL-C、Apo A-I的作用,同时可以增强LPL及HL活性。结论：蚕蛹油α-亚麻酸具有显著的预防和治疗高脂血症的作用。     

五种不同食用油对生长期大鼠营养生理功能影响的研究

目的:观察用五种不同的食用油制备的人工半合成饲料,对生长期大鼠营养生理功能的影响。方法:生长期雄性SD大鼠50只,分为5组,分别为玉米胚芽油组、冷榨亚麻籽油组、冷榨橄榄油组、植物黄油组及猪油组,分别饲喂用不同食用油制备的人工半合成饲料,各组饲料除油脂来源不同外,能量、蛋白质、碳水化合物、膳食纤维和脂肪含量均保持一致。采用对喂技术饲养8周,观察大鼠营养生理功能的变化。结果:橄榄油组大鼠体重显著低于玉米油组和植物黄油组(P<0.05)。亚麻籽油组大鼠血清总蛋白和白蛋白水平最高,而血糖水平、血清甘油三酯和总胆固醇水平均显著低于其他各组。玉米油组高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。亚麻籽油组和橄榄油组大鼠的血清MDA显著低于玉米油组(P<0.05);玉米油组肝脏SOD活性显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。结论:亚麻籽油具有显著的降血脂和降血糖作用;橄榄油具有一定控制体重的作用;亚麻籽油和橄榄油均可显著降低血清脂质过氧化物含量,具有较强的抗脂质过氧化作用。     

The correlation between serum total cholesterol and some trace elements in serum, liver and heart of rats fed high cholesterol diet.

The work indicates the link between the serum cholesterol, atherosclerosis and certain metal metabolism. 122 adult albino rats were used in this study and classified into 5 groups: Control group, 29 rats fed the stock diet; group I, 32 rats fed the stock diet with 1% cholesterol for 6 weeks; group II, 36 rats fed the stock diet with 1% cholesterol for 8 weeks; group IIIA, 17 rats fed the stock diet and 0.2 ml oil/day orally for 8 weeks and group IIIB, 18 rats fed the stock diet and 0.2 ml oil with cholesterol daily (50 mg cholesterol/1 ml oil) for 8 weeks. The results obtained showed that: 1. A positive correlation was found between serum total cholesterol and serum copper, cadmium and Cd/Zn ratio, whereas a negative correlation occurred between serum total cholesterol and serum Zinc and Zn/Cu ratio. 2. A positive correlation was found between serum total cholesterol and cadmium, Zn/Cu and Cd/Zn ratio in liver. On the other hand, a negative correlation occurred between serum total cholesterol and copper in liver. 3. A positive correlation was found between serum total cholesterol and Zn/Cu ratio in heart which was negative in heart copper, cadmium and Cd/Zn ratio. Histopathological examination of liver sections of animals treated with cholesterol revealed the presence of mild degree of fatty change, while the kidney tissues showed glomerular lesion in the form of obliteration of Bowman's capsule with increased cellularity inside, beside degenerated tubules and interstitial fibrosis.     

Total flavan glycoside from Abacopteris penangiana rhizomes and its acid hydrolysate: Characterisation and anti-benign prostatic hyperplasia potential

This study was conducted to characterise the flavonoid components of total flavan glycoside from Abacopteris penangiana rhizomes (TFA) and its acid hydrolysate (AHT) through HPLC–DAD–ESI–MS/MS analysis, and to investigate the hypothesis that TFA and AHT exhibit anti-benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) potential in castrated rats with testosterone-induced BPH. HPLC–MS/MS analysis indicated that TFA is rich in flavan-4-ol glycosides and AHT mainly contains 3-deoxygenated anthocyanidin. After 4 weeks of administration, TFA and AHT successfully decreased the prostate index and prostate specific antigen plasma concentrations in the rats. Histoarchitectural improvement in the prostate gland was also observed. Reduced dihydrotestosterone, VEGF, bFGF, EGF, and KGF levels were observed both in TFA- and AHT-treated rats. Furthermore, the prostatic expression of Blc-2 was inhibited, whereas that of Bax and p53 was activated by TFA and AHT. In conclusion, TFA and AHT have anti-BPH properties. Hence, plants with flavan glycosides have potential use in the treatment of BPH.     

The correlation between serum total cholesterol and some trace elements in serum,liver and heart of rats fed high cholesterol diet

The work indicates the link between the serum cholesterol, atherosclerosis and certain metal metabolism. 122 adult albino rats were used in this study and classified into 5 groups: Control group, 29 rats fed the stock diet; group I, 32 rats fed the stock diet with 1 % cholesterol for 6 weeks; group II, 36 rats fed the stock diet with 1 % cholesterol for 8 weeks; group III_A, 17 rats fed the stock diet and 0.2 ml oil/day orally for 8 weeks and group III_B, 18 rats fed the stock diet and 0.2 ml oil with cholesterol daily (50 mg cholesterol/1 ml oil) for 8 weeks. The results obtained showed that: 1. A positive correlation was found between serum total cholesterol and serum copper, cadmium and Cd/Zn ratio, whereas a negative correlation occurred between serum total cholesterol and serum Zinc and Zn/Cu ratio. 2. A positive correlation was found between serum total cholesterol and cadmium, Zn/Cu and Cd/Zn ratio in liver. On the other hand, a negative correlation occurred between serum total cholesterol and copper in liver. 3. A positive correlation was found between serum total cholesterol and Zn/Cu ratio in heart which was negative in heart copper, cadmium and Cd/Zn ratio. Histopathological examination of liver sections of animals treated with cholesterol revealed the presence of mild degree of fatty change, while the kidney tissues showed glomerular lesion in the form of obliteration of Bowman's capsule with increased cellularity inside, beside degenerated tubules and interstitial fibrosis.     

Comparative effects of safflower oil and perilla oil on serum and hepatic lipid levels, fatty acid compositions of serum and hepatic phospholipids, and hepatic mRNA expressions of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase, LDL receptor, and cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase in young and adult rats

Male Wistar rats, 4 and 33 weeks of age, were fed the diets containing safflower oil (SO-diet, 77.3% linoleic acid) or perilla oil (PO-diet, 58.4% -linolenic acid) for 7 days. Serum total cholesterol was lower on the PO-diet in both ages. On the other hand, hepatic cholesterol and phospholipids were significantly higher in the PO group than in the SO group of the adult rats. The PO group showed significantly lower 20:4 n-6 but higher 18:2 n-6 in hepatic phosphatidylcholine compared with the SO group in both ages. Hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase mRNA was significantly lower on the PO-diet than on the SO-diet irrespective of age. The present results show that -linolenic acid has a higher hypocholesterolemic ability than linoleic acid in rats irrespective of age and these fatty acids behaved differently in affecting hepatic mRNA expressions of HMG-CoA reductase, LDL receptor, and cholesterol 7-hydroxylase.     

Long-term supplementation of high pigmented rice bran oil (Oryza sativa L.) on amelioration of oxidative stress and histological changes in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats fed a high fat diet; Riceberry bran oil

Diabetes is a serious health problem. Searching for alternative natural antioxidants is considered important strategy to manage diabetes. This study evaluated the effect of Riceberry bran oil (RBBO) supplementation on oxidative stress and organ histology in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats fed a high fat (HF) diet. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats with hyperglycemia were divided into four groups: DM group fed a HF diet alone; DMRL group fed a HF diet and 5% RBBO; DMRM group fed a HF diet and 7.5% RBBO; DMRH group fed a HF diet and 15% RBBO. Normal rats were used as normal control and were divided into NC and NR group fed a normal diet containing either 5% corn oil or 5% RBBO, respectively. After 12 weeks, RBBO significantly decreased malondialdehyde and restored superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, coenzyme Q₁₀ and ORAC levels in diabetic rats. RBBO additionally improved the regenerative changes of the pancreas, kidneys, heart and liver. These findings indicate that pigmented RBBO could provide beneficial effect on diabetes by decreasing oxidative stress and recovering organ histology.     

平江白术多糖对腺嘌呤致大鼠肾衰模型的保护作用

目的：探讨白术多糖对腺嘌呤诱发的慢性肾功能衰竭大鼠肾脏的保护作用。方法：采用腺嘌呤灌胃复制大鼠慢性肾衰模型,将大鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型对照组、地塞米松组、白术多糖高剂量组、白术多糖低剂量组。给药结束后,代谢笼动物单独喂饲,收集12h 尿液,期间禁食禁水,测定总尿量、尿素(BUN)、尿肌酐(CR)、12h 尿蛋白(24hU-TP)含量,并测定肾功能指标。结果：与模型对照组比较,白术多糖低剂量组和白术多糖高剂量组BUN 水平明显降低(P ＜ 0.01 或P ＜ 0.05),双肾系数明显下降(P ＜ 0.01 或P ＜ 0.05)。结论：白术多糖对腺嘌呤诱发的慢性肾功能衰竭的大鼠肾脏具有一定的保护作用。