Fisher准则和正则化水平集方法分割噪声图像

随着活动轮廓模型的不断成熟和发展,模型的抗噪能力又成为重要的研究课题.为了精确地分割图像的同时去除图像的噪声,针对噪声图像用非负稳健函数作为边缘保持函数,从而保证图像在去噪的过程中边缘和纹理信息不被模糊.首先创造性地将分类器中的Fisher准则函数引入到图像分割中,从分类的角度对C-V模型给出了Fisher解释.把Fisher准则作为分割的标准来建立一个基于区域和边缘相结合的同时完成去噪和分割变分水平集分割模型.其次详细讨论了该模型的数值求解方法.最后实验验证了用Fisher值来衡量分割标准的理论的正确性和可靠性以及模型中正则项约束在去噪过程中的边缘保持功能.通过3组实验检验了提出的模型对噪声图像的去噪和分割比聚类算法、松弛迭代算法、Mean Shift算法有更好的效果.     

基于模糊聚类水平集的医学图像分割方法

医学图像分割是图像分割的一个重要应用领域,医学图像普遍存在高噪声、伪影、低对比度、灰度不均匀、不同软组织之间与病灶之间边界模糊等特点,因此运用聚类算法,结合李春明模型(LCM)和两相水平集分割方法(CV),首先选用合适的滤波器对医学图像进行去噪,然后使用模糊C均值算法(FCM)获得图像的先验模型;并对传统的CV模型进行改进,对图像进行细分割。实验表明,该模型可以解决图像高噪声、弱边界问题,并可以有效避免重新初始化,对边缘更加敏感,可提高分割精度,有效的抑制噪声,明显的减少迭代次数和时间,具有一定应用价值。。     

PDE模型在声纳图像去噪中的应用研究

偏微分方程方法在光学图像去噪中已有很多成功的应用,但用于声纳图像去噪的情况还不多见。针对声纳图像受噪声污染严重的问题,将偏微分方程原理引入到声纳图像去噪中,重点讨论了两种偏微分方程模型:ROF模型和四阶扩散模型。基于这两种模型对声纳图像进行去噪处理,仿真实验证明了偏微分方程去噪算法的有效性,并对比分析了两种模型的去噪性能。ROF模型适用于低信噪比条件下的声纳图像处理,而四阶扩散模型在高信噪比条件下,能够很好地保持图像边缘,但当噪声污染严重时,其去噪后的SNR比ROF模型去噪低了近10 dB,不利于声纳图像处理。     

Adaptive edge-preserving image denoising using wavelet transforms

Image denoising is a relevant issue found in diverse image processing and computer vision problems. It is a challenge to preserve important features, such as edges, corners and other sharp structures, during the denoising process. Wavelet transforms have been widely used for image denoising since they provide a suitable basis for separating noisy signal from the image signal. This paper describes a novel image denoising method based on wavelet transforms to preserve edges. The decomposition is performed by dividing the image into a set of blocks and transforming the data into the wavelet domain. An adaptive thresholding scheme based on edge strength is used to effectively reduce noise while preserving important features of the original image. Experimental results, compared to other approaches, demonstrate that the proposed method is suitable for different classes of images contaminated by Gaussian noise.     

A restarted iterative homotopy analysis method for two nonlinear models from image processing

Total variation (TV) minimization-based nonlinear models have been proven to be very useful and successful in image processing. A lot of effort has been devoted to overcome the nonlinearity of the model and at the same time to obtain fast numerical schemes. In this paper, we propose a restarted iterative homotopy analysis method (HAM) to improve the computational efficiency for the TV models and will show by experiments that this method demonstrates great potential for recovering the noise and with great speed in both image denoising and image segmentation models. The method modifies the existing HAM and makes it suitable to potentially solve other nonlinear partial differential equations arising from image processing models. In our examples, we will demonstrate the validity of a restarted HAM and that this method is efficient and robust even for images with large ratios of noise and with much less CPU time than other methods.     

GPU-based anisotropic diffusion algorithm for video image denoising

Image filtering is the process of removing noise which perturbs image analysis methods. In some applications like segmentation, denoising is intended to smooth homogeneous areas while preserving the contours. Real-time denoising is required in a lot of applications like image-guided surgical interventions, video analysis and visual serving. This paper presents an anisotropic diffusion method named the Oriented Speckle Reducing Anisotropic Diffusion (OSRAD) filter. The OSRAD works very well for denoising images with speckle noise. However, this filter has a powerful computational complexity and is not suitable for real time implementation. The purpose of this study is to decrease the processing time implementation of the OSRAD filter using a parallel processor through the optimization of the graphics processor unit. The results show that the suggested method is very effective for real-time video processing. This implementation yields a denoising video rate of 25 frames per second for 128 × 128 pixels. The proposed model magnifies the acceleration of the image filtering to 30 × compared to the standard implementation of central processing units (CPU). A quantitative comparison measure is given by parameters like the mean structural similarity index, the peak signal-to-noise ratio and the figure of merit. The modified filter is faster than the conventional OSRAD and keeps a high image quality compared to the bilateral filter and the wavelet transformation.     

基于改进的四叉树Sobel算子图像分割研究

研究图像分割精度提高问题,由于图像噪声的干扰,造成图像模糊。传统的Sobel图像分割方法容易造成图像分割不清晰和对比度不明显。为解决上述问题,应用Sobel算子检测出数字图像真正的边缘,并进行边缘提取;最后运用四叉树算法对去噪图像进行多区域目标分割,并对分割的不同区域进行合并,有效地解决了因局部图像的叠加和分割不准确的难题,并且通过仿真实验显示,本文提出的改进型算法,也就是利用四叉树Sobel算子,能够有效地去除图像分割所带来的去除噪声,大大地提高升图像边缘的清晰度,是一种有效地图像分割方法。     

图像分割算法研究

图像分割是数字图像处理中的关键技术之一,研究了边缘检测和阈值分割方法实现图象分割。归纳总结了多种分割算法,包括极小值法,求导法,直方图变换法,迭代法,平均法,大律法和边缘检测法。     

Real time ultrasound image denoising

Image denoising is the process of removing the noise that perturbs image analysis methods. In some applications like segmentation or registration, denoising is intended to smooth homogeneous areas while preserving the contours. In many applications like video analysis, visual servoing or image-guided surgical interventions, real-time denoising is required. This paper presents a method for real-time denoising of ultrasound images: a modified version of the NL-means method is presented that incorporates an ultrasound dedicated noise model, as well as a GPU implementation of the algorithm. Results demonstrate that the proposed method is very efficient in terms of denoising quality and is real-time.     

基于偏微分方程的混合噪声去噪研究

针对目前图像去噪方法存在的主要缺陷是仅适用于单一噪声的滤除, 无法解决图像混合噪声去噪的问题, 提出一种加权混合噪声模型, 建立其能量泛函表达式, 利用变分法获得其欧拉—拉格朗日方程并给出其显式差分迭代求解算法。通过对其数值算法的改进, 不仅提高了该模型数值算法的速度和稳定性, 而且在一定程度上避免了降噪后图像的阶梯效应。仿真实验表明, 加权混合噪声去噪算法在去除混合噪声的同时更好地保留了图像的细节信息, 其降噪性能相比现有方法有一定程度的改善。     

结合第二代Bandelet变换分块的字典学习图像去噪算法

针对以往稀疏编码在图像去噪过程中存在的噪声残留和缺乏对图像的边缘与细节的本质特征的保护等问题,提出了一种结合第二代Bandelet变换分块的字典学习图像去噪算法,其更好地利用了图像的几何特性进行去噪。首先,通过第二代Bandelet变换可以灵活地根据图像几何流的正则性特征并能够自适应地获得图像的最稀疏表示来准确估计图像信息,并能自适应地选择最优的几何方向;然后,根据K-奇异值分解(K-Singular Value Decomposition,K-SVD)算法来训练学习字典;最后,通过四叉树分割对噪声图像进行自适应分块,从而去除噪声并保护图像的边缘与细节。实验结果表明,相比于其他学习字典,所提算法能更有效地保留图像的边缘特征与图像的精细结构。     

An Improved Method for Edge Detection and Image Segmentation Using Fuzzy Cellular Automata

Image segmentation is one of the most important and challenging problems in image processing. The main purpose of image segmentation is to partition an image into a set of disjoint regions with uniform attributes. In this study, we propose an improved method for edge detection and image segmentation using fuzzy cellular automata. In the first stage, we introduce a new edge detection method based on fuzzy cellular automata, called the texture histogram, and empirically demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method and its robustness in denoising images. In the second stage, we propose an edge detection algorithm by considering the mean values of the edges matrix. In this algorithm, we use four fuzzy rules instead of 32 fuzzy rules reported earlier in the literature. In the third and final stage, we use the local edge in the edge detection stage to more accurately accomplish image segmentation. We demonstrate that the proposed method produces better output images in comparison with the separate segmentation and edge detection methods studied in the literature. In addition, we show that the method proposed in this study is more flexible and efficient when noise is added to an image.     

基于自适应超像素分割的点刻式DPM区域定位算法研究

为解决点刻式直接零件标志(Direct part mark, DPM)码基本单元分割困难、区域定位欠精确等问题, 提出使用超像素分割和谱聚类相结合的算法,对含有DPM区域的图像进行初步分割和精确定位. 首先为提高超像素分割的准确、快速和完整性,本文利用近邻传播聚类思想实现自动聚类得到超像素区域, 并引入边缘置信度调整超像素边缘,形成自适应边缘简单线性迭代聚类 (Adaptive edge simple linear iterative clustering, AE-SLIC)算法. 该算法改进了简单线性迭代聚类(Simple linear iterative clustering, SLIC)超像素分割算法存在的未明确界定超像素区域边缘信息和分割数目无法自适应确定等问题; 其次,将超像素作为谱聚类中图的顶点进行二次聚类, DPM区域内超像素因相似度高而被聚集为一类, 从而完成点刻式DPM区域的精确定位.经实验测试和分析,本文算法得到的超像素分割结果在完整性、 运算复杂度等方面优于常见的超像素分割算法.与基于像素点运算的传统定位算法相比, 本文算法具有良好的实时性、定位准确率和鲁棒性.     

基于边缘检测的图象小波阈值去噪方法

边缘特征是图象最为有用的高频信息，因此，在图象去噪的同时，尽量保留图象的边缘特征，应是图象去噪首要顾及的问题。基于这一思想，提出了基于边缘检测的图象小波阈值去噪方法。该方法在去噪之前，先通过小波边缘检测方法确定哪些小波系数是图象的边缘特征，这些小波系数将不受阈值去噪的影响，因此，可以只是根据噪声方差来设置去噪的阈值，而不必担心损害图象的边缘特征。理论分析和实验结果都表明，与普通的小波阈值去噪方法相比，该方法不但可以保持图象的边缘信息，而且能提高去噪后图象的峰值信噪比1-2dB。要做到既去除图象噪声，又不模糊图象边缘特征是很困难的。该方法把去噪和边缘检测结合起来，在一定程度上解决了这种两难的问题。     

胎面纠偏控制系统中图像处理技术的应用

介绍了实时胎面纠偏系统的原理和结构.整个系统主要由控制器、控制对象、图像采集和图像处理单元组成,重点对图像处理单元进行研究.根据对胎面图像特点进行的分析,提出了图像处理单元的实现过程和算法分析,包括图像去噪,阈值分割,边缘检测和特征提取,计算偏移角.从提取出的胎面骨架实验结果来看,提取效果比较理想.     

Denoising method of low illumination underwater motion image based on improved canny

In order to improve the efficiency of image denoising, this paper proposes a method of image denoising based on improved canny. The region and edge feature fusion method is used to segment the target roughly, and then the fusion threshold of image channel is segmented. According to the result of image segmentation, local intuitionistic fuzzy entropy is extracted on the basis of intuitionistic fuzzy, which is introduced into anisotropic diffusion model and diffusion function. The partial differential noise reduction model is improved and analyzed to obtain the classification information of pixels and realize the noise reduction of low illumination underwater moving image. The experimental results show that the method has a high SNR, and the highest value of structural similarity is 0.92, which proves that the structure similarity between the image after noise reduction and the original image is high, and the visual effect of noise reduction is good, which fully verifies the practical application of the method in image noise reduction.     

基于循环检测的气动退化图像混合域去噪算法

气动退化图像中存在先验信息未知以及噪声成分复杂不易进行滤波处理的问题,为此,提出一种气动退化图像混合域去噪算法。设计针对高斯噪声、泊松噪声、固定值脉冲噪声和随机值脉冲噪声的混合检测方法,使用改进的滤波方法在空域去除固定值脉冲噪声和随机值脉冲噪声,进行非下采样轮廓波变换多层分解,在变换域使用阈值方法去除高斯噪声和泊松噪声。进行噪声循环检测,设定迭代停止条件控制算法循环从而实现算法自适应。仿真实验结果表明,该算法的噪声检测性能和滤波性能较好,图像细节信息得到正确恢复。同时,算法复杂度较低,实时性较好,可满足气动退化图像去噪处理的需要。     

基于边缘强度特征和线性谱聚类的 SAR 图像超像素生成方法

面对高分辨合成孔径雷达(SAR)图像的海量数据,学界广泛通过基于超像素的方法 简化图像处理过程。一般适用于光学图像的超像素分割算法对存在斑噪的 SAR 图像分割性能均 不够理想。面向 SAR 图像改进现有超像素生成算法是目前的研究热点之一。在探讨了将边缘强 度特征引入超像素分割算法的可行性的基础上,结合边缘强度特征和线性谱聚类方法,提出了 一种新的 SAR 图像超像素生成方法(e-LSC)。通过仿真 SAR 图像和实测 SAR 图像的比较实验, 证实了 e-LSC 算法与其他几种典型超像素生成算法相比,生成的超像素在边缘贴合度和匀质区 域的规则化上都有所提高。     

基于二次加权滤波的热设备故障区域定位研究

针对热设备在线故障区域定位对实时性和准确性要求较高的问题,提出一种基于中值滤波的二次加权快速滤波方法对热设备红外图像进行预处理。在较好滤除图像随机噪声的同时,提高了处理速度,更好地保留了图像细节。采用迭代法阈值分割和Roberts边缘提取算子相结合的方法,快速、准确地定位出了热设备故障区域所在,为今后进一步对故障区域识别、判断、分析和评价奠定了基础。     

一种具有边缘保护的MRI影像同步去噪增强算法

MRI影像具有边缘模糊、含有噪声、对比度差的特点,这些都严重干扰了影像的分割,配准的准确性.针对这类问题,提出一种既能保护边缘,又能兼顾去噪及增强的模型.通过构造自适应直方图均衡化的偏微分方程,并结合P-M平滑算法的优点,增加系数调节项,达到同步去噪增强的目的.算法吸取了两种模型的优点,实验结果证明了方法的准确性及实用性.