Technical management of a microcomputer-assisted learning project

The need for instructional designers, writers and computer programmers is well known in CAL projects. Perhaps less familiar is the need to balance technological capabilities with requirements of the learning project and, above all, to be certain that candidate delivery technologies are selected because they can best accomplish the instructional tasks at hand, and not simply for their flash and gimmickry. Experience at producing a large (50 mini-diskettes of material to be delivered at each of 100 dispersed locations) training project indicates the requirement for, and de facto existence of, a Technical Management function. The person charged with this responsibility is guided by a Chief Principle: TECHNICAL DECISIONS MUST SUPPORT INSTRUCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS. Among other tasks, the Technical Manager must: (1) choose software because of its ability to carry out the instructional design; (2) provide counterforce to non-technical decision-makers who are inclined to select the latest technology merely because it is available; (3) ensure that technical and non-technical members of the staff communicate freely and accurately; and (4) support the creative staff with appropriate software tools for project scheduling, word processing, budgeting and other indispensable tasks.     

新工科学生核心能力分析和评价

应用型高校转型过程中,对新工科人才的能力培养从注重知识、学术、技术能力转为知识、学术、技术和社会能 力、个人效能全方面发展。新增的社会能力和个人效能与课程思政要求不谋而合。从新工科工程教育改革创新出发,以学生 五大核心能力培养为核心,建立课程的评价体系。采用层次分析法计算各个指标的权重,得到层次权重总表。以自动化专业 数字逻辑电路为例,建立课程评价指标细则,从信息化教学平台和专用管理系统获取数据,进行课程的评价。该方法为高校职 能部门对学生核心能力评价和培养方案的制定提供有效的参考,具有一定的借鉴意义。     

基于ASP．NET的社区数字媒体网络管理系统的设计与开发

根据数字媒体网络管理系统的特点，在系统需求分析的基础上，构造了一个基于Web的三层B／S结构的系统模型，从而实现社区数字媒体节目的按需收看和任意播放功能，为用户提供实时、交互、按需点播的服务。     

Software development team flexibility antecedents

The ability to respond to changes in the environment during the development of software is crucial in achieving a quality product. Putting the project team together to achieve the ability to react effectively requires an understanding of the nature of flexibility and capabilities that might promote the ability to respond to changing requirements and conditions. Based on dynamic capability theory, we build a model of software quality that is dependent on the flexibility of the team, with the flexibility of the team dependent on reactive and anticipatory capabilities of the team members. A questionnaire administered to 119 software development team members indicates strong linkages from reactive capabilities and mixed results for anticipatory capabilities to team flexibility. Both flexibility components of a comprehensive response and efficient response to changes are critical in achieving quality software. The items comprising the capabilities can serve to guide management in building flexible development teams.     

Digital Preservation: A Time Bomb for Digital Libraries

The difficulty and expense of preserving digital information is a potential impediment to digital library development. Preservation of traditional materials became more successful and systematic after libraries and archives integrated preservation into overall planning and resource allocation. Digital preservation is largely experimental and replete with the risks associated with untested methods. Digital preservation strategies are shaped by the needs and constraints of repositories with little consideration for the requirements of current and future users of digital scholarly resources. This article discusses the present state of digital preservation, articulates requirements of both users and custodians, and suggests research needs in storage media, migration, conversion, and overall management strategies. Additional research in these areas would help developers of digital libraries and other institutions with preservation responsibilities to integrate long-term preservation into program planning, administration, system architectures, and resource allocation. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Digital Preservation: A Time Bomb for Digital Libraries

The difficulty and expense of preserving digital information is a potential impediment to digital library development. Preservation of traditional materials became more successful and systematic after libraries and archives integrated preservation into overall planning and resource allocation. Digital preservation is largely experimental and replete with the risks associated with untested methods. Digital preservation strategies are shaped by the needs and constraints of repositories with little consideration for the requirements of current and future users of digital scholarly resources. This article discusses the present state of digital preservation, articulates requirements of both users and custodians, and suggests research needs in storage media, migration, conversion, and overall management strategies. Additional research in these areas would help developers of digital libraries and other institutions with preservation responsibilities to integrate long-term preservation into program planning, administration, system architectures, and resource allocation. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

INFORMATION DIFFUSION IN FORMALLY STRUCTURED POPULATIONS: AN INFORMATION PROCESSING APPROACH

Abstract

The problem addressed in this paper is the modeling of the interactive duffusion of information in formally structured populations. It is a problem that is addressed unsatisfactorily, if at all, by the standard approaches to the modeling of diffusion exemplified in the work of Coleman [2] and more recently Gray and von Broembsen [8] among others. The basic difficulty is to formally conceptualize the rule-governed nature of interactive contacts between members of a formally structured population. An alternative, information processing approach to the problem is outlined, a specific model constructed with reference to a set of data on the information staff members of an elementary school report knowing about various pupils enrolled there (this data set serves as an empirical referent throughout), and the relation of the alternative approach to previous modeling strategies is discussed.     

The development and promotion of electronic theses and dissertations (ETDs) within the UK

An increasing number of universities are accepting and encouraging the submission of theses and dissertations in electronic format. Two hundred and three institutions are now members of the international ‘Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations’ (NDLTD), and in May 2003 over 200 individuals travelled to Berlin to participate in the ETD symposium (‘Next Steps—Electronic Theses and Dissertations Worldwide’). The support of UNESCO and the work undertaken by key institutions such as Virginia Tech. has led to wide-scale developments at national and individual level. Within the UK, funding from the Joint Information Systems Committee (JISC) has enabled three project teams to engage in research and development associated with the creation, management, and use of electronic theses and dissertations (ETDs). This paper considers recent ETD-related activity in the UK within the broader international context. It concentrates, in particular, on the work of the Electronic Theses project consortium that is led by The Robert Gordon University. The benefits of ETDs, issues of concern, the selection of software, and advocacy requirements are amongst the topics addressed. The authors welcome comments on both the project and the information available on the Electronic Theses project Web pages.     

浅谈大学城图书馆协作式数字参考咨询服务

参考咨询服务是大学城各校区图书馆的一项重要工作,如何高效地开展参考咨询服务工作,关系到整个图书馆工作效率的提高.文章提出了一种新方法-协作式数字参考咨询服务.论文先提出了开展协作式数字参考咨询服务的理论基础以及必要性,然后重点介绍了开展协作式数字参考咨询服务工作的技术支持.     

Towards the creation of a CNL adapted to requirements writing by combining writing recommendations and spontaneous regularities: example in a space project

The Quality Department of the French National Space Agency (CNES, Centre National d’Études Spatiales) wishes to design a writing guide based on the real and regular writing of requirements. As a first step in this project, the present article proposes a linguistic analysis of requirements written in French by CNES engineers. One of our goals is to determine to what extent they conform to several rules laid down in two existing Controlled Natural Languages (CNLs), namely the Simplified Technical English developed by the AeroSpace and Defense Industries Association of Europe and the Guide for Writing Requirements proposed by the International Council on Systems Engineering. Indeed, although CNES engineers are not obliged to follow any controlled language in their writing of requirements, we believe that language regularities are likely to emerge from this task, mainly due to the writers’ experience. We are seeking to identify these regularities in order to use them as a basis for a new CNL for the writing of requirements. The issue is approached using natural language processing tools to identify sentences that do not comply with the rules or contain specific linguistic phenomena. We further review these sentences to understand why the recommendations cannot (or should not) always be applied when specifying large-scale projects.     

Making Our Digital Memory Accessible Tomorrow by Watching Technology Today

Since its foundation in 2002, the Digital Preservation Coalition has published a series of topical Technology Watch Reports that provide an authoritative introduction to recognized challenges associated with maintaining access to data and digital materials in the long term. The series fills a strategic gap between emerging research and actual professional practice, and it strongly reflects the needs of the DPC's members. Commissioned from recognized domain experts, they identify and track developments in IT, as well as the standards and tools that inhibit or enable digital preservation. The reports are thoroughly peer-reviewed and scrutinized by the DPC membership prior to publication to ensure they are informed, current, concise, and balanced. They are available to all and are intended as a lasting and helpful contribution to knowledge exchange.     

《数字孪生流域建设技术大纲(试行)》解析

2022 年 3 月,水利部印发《数字孪生流域建设技术大纲(试行)》,明确了数字孪生流域的具体建设内容,细化了技术要求。介绍数字孪生流域建设背景,以及定义、建设范围及目标、建设原则等建设内涵,阐明智慧水利总体框架和数字孪生流域建设框架,进一步厘清相互关系。详细说明数据底板、模型平台、知识平台等组成的数字孪生平台,以及水利感知网、水利信息网、水利云等组成的信息化基础设施两大组成部分的主要建设任务,对涉及的具体功能要求和技术要点进行详细解析,就数字孪生流域建什么、达到什么标准及需要重点把握的技术环节等问题进行解读,并对数据孪生流域建设过程中涉及的数据安全特别是地理空间数据安全应用等重要问题和集成共享相关要求进行说明。     

美国自动测试联合技术体系结构的发展

主要介绍美国国防部联合技术体系结构(JTA)、体系结构架构(DOD AF1.5)的发生背景、概况,及JTA联合技术体系结构下战斗支持域中自动测试系统子域描述内容、范围和适用性、技术参考模型、子域的组成,对JTA核心内容的补充等内容。对DOD AF1.5版内容作了简介,介绍了DOD AF1.5版框架概况和DOD体系结构框架作战视图(OV)、系统视图(SV)、技术标准视图(TV)之间相互关系。最后结合我国试验与综合测试技术现状和新技术发展趋势提出加强可互操作的保障系统技术研究,尤其是加强PCI-e、PXI-e、ATCA等新型总线系统,以及ATML语言等技术研究。     

Digital Twin as a Service (DTaaS) in Industry 4.0: An Architecture Reference Model

Recent findings have shown that Digital Twin served multiple constituencies. However, the dilemma between the scope and scale needs a sophisticated reference architecture, a right set of technologies, and a suitable business model. Most studies in the Digital Twin field have only focused on manufacturing and proposed explicit frameworks and architecture, which faced challenges to support different integration levels through an agile process. Besides, no known empirical research has focused on exploring relationships between Digital Twin and mass individualization. Therefore, the principal objective of this study was to identify suitable Industry 4.0 technologies and a holistic reference architecture model to accomplish the most challenging Digital Twin enabled applications. In this study, a Digital Twin reference architecture was developed and applied in an industrial case. Also, Digital Twin as a Service (DTaaS) paradigm utilized for the digital transformation of unique wetlands with considerable advantages, including smart scheduled maintenance, real-time monitoring, remote controlling, and predicting functionalities. The findings indicate that there is a significant relationship between Digital Twin capabilities as a service and mass individualization.     

Requirements for the first international imaging standard

Some of the contributions being made to the requirements, concepts, and basic architecture of the developing international image processing and international standard by the Deutsches Institut fur Normung (DIN) are discussed. The requirements that the standard must meet are outlined, and the market for imaging techniques is examined. A basic imaging architecture is sketched, and the image data model and image interchange format on which the standard will be based are described     

Digital Twin-driven smart manufacturing: Connotation,reference model,applications and research issues

This paper reviews the recent development of Digital Twin technologies in manufacturing systems and processes, to analyze the connotation, application scenarios, and research issues of Digital Twin-driven smart manufacturing in the context of Industry 4.0. To understand Digital Twin and its future potential in manufacturing, we summarized the definition and state-of-the-art development outcomes of Digital Twin. Existing technologies for developing a Digital Twin for smart manufacturing are reviewed under a Digital Twin reference model to systematize the development methodology for Digital Twin. Representative applications are reviewed with a focus on the alignment with the proposed reference model. Outstanding research issues of developing Digital Twins for smart manufacturing are identified at the end of the paper.     

Evolving the Project Management Office: A Competency Continuum

Abstract

Many organizations today have recognized the need for a project management office (PMO) to achieve project management oversight, control, and support. the PMO's role is to help both the project manager and the relevant organization to not only understand and apply modern project management practices, but also to adapt and integrate business interests into the organization's project management efforts. This article describes a five-stage competency model for the PMO.     

Packaging models for the storage and distribution of complex digital objectsin archival information systems: a review of MPEG-21 DID principles

In recent years, the number of organizations making digital information available has increased dramatically. This evolution has encouraged the development of various approaches to represent complex digital objects. Approaches that are of specific relevance to the digital library and archiving community include the Metadata Encoding and Transmission Standard (METS), the Content Packaging XML Binding of the Instructional Management System (IMS) project, and the Sharable Content Object Reference Model (SCORM). The MPEG-21 Digital Item Declaration MPEG-21 DID) is yet another packaging approach that, so far, has received little attention in the digital library community. The primary goal of this article is to offer a method to compare these packaging approaches in the context of the needs of the digital library community and the rising digital preservation programs. The contribution of this paper is the definition of an integrated reference framework, based on both the ISO OAIS Reference Model and a set of additional significant properties that affect the quality, usability, encoding, and behavior of complex digital objects. This article also gives a brief insight into MPEG-21 DID and examines its potential relevance by showing the results obtained from applying the proposed reference framework. Published online: 8 April 2005     

Conformity Assessments and Post-market Monitoring: A Guide to the Role of Auditing in the Proposed European AI Regulation

The proposed European Artificial Intelligence Act (AIA) is the first attempt to elaborate a general legal framework for AI carried out by any major global economy. As such, the AIA is likely to become a point of reference in the larger discourse on how AI systems can (and should) be regulated. In this article, we describe and discuss the two primary enforcement mechanisms proposed in the AIA: the conformity assessments that providers of high-risk AI systems are expected to conduct, and the post-market monitoring plans that providers must establish to document the performance of high-risk AI systems throughout their lifetimes. We argue that the AIA can be interpreted as a proposal to establish a Europe-wide ecosystem for conducting AI auditing, albeit in other words. Our analysis offers two main contributions. First, by describing the enforcement mechanisms included in the AIA in terminology borrowed from existing literature on AI auditing, we help providers of AI systems understand how they can prove adherence to the requirements set out in the AIA in practice. Second, by examining the AIA from an auditing perspective, we seek to provide transferable lessons from previous research about how to refine further the regulatory approach outlined in the AIA. We conclude by highlighting seven aspects of the AIA where amendments (or simply clarifications) would be helpful. These include, above all, the need to translate vague concepts into verifiable criteria and to strengthen the institutional safeguards concerning conformity assessments based on internal checks.