基于DSP的传感器数据采集嵌入式系统设计

平流层飞艇传感数据测量设备用于采集平流层飞艇艇囊的内外压差、飞艇所在环境的大气压和设备供电电池的电压,并将数据处理打包后发送给飞控计算机,为飞艇的安全飞行提供关键参数,同时能够在线记录和存储数据,用于飞艇飞行后数据分析和回放。现基于TMS320F2812和分立器件,自行设计了嵌入式系统,并完成样机的研制。在设计中同时进行了冗余设计,提高数据采集和通信的可靠度。样机实验结果表明其压差数据测量精度为±5 Pa,大气压数据测量精度为±80 Pa,电池电压数据测量精度为±0. 03 V。该设计提高了传感测量的集成度和数据精度,为平流层飞艇的飞行控制提供重要依据。     

基于ZYNQ和CNN模型的服装识别系统

商品检索是电商行业智能化发展的一个重要的问题.本设计实现了基于ZYNQ和CNN模型的服装识别系统.利用TensorFlow训练自定义网络,定点化处理权重参数.利用ZYNQ器件的ARM+FPGA软硬件协同的特点搭建系统,使用ARM端OpenCV进行图像预处理,FPGA端CNN IP进行实时识别.ARM与FPGA之间实现了权重可重加载结构,无需修改FPGA硬件而实现在线升级.系统采用fashion-minist数据集作为网络训练样本,根据系统资源配置CNN IP的加速引擎的数量来提高卷积运算的并行性.实验表明,本系统针对电商平台下的图片能够实时准确识别和显示,准确率达92.39%.在100 MHz工作频率下,图像处理速度每帧可达到1.361 ms,功耗仅为0.53 W.     

新型软土沉降监测仪的研制

为解决目前我国对土体沉降监测方面存在的自动化程度低、测量精度不高等问题,提出一种新型基于霍尔效应的软土沉降监测方法,设计出一款高精度实时在线监测仪器.选用多个霍尔器件组成阵列固定在假设不发生沉降位移的参考面上.土沉降带动沉降磁环的跟随沉降,根据霍尔效应原理,霍尔器件会输出变化的电信号.采用RS-485总线将阵列电信号实时上传至主机,经主机对实验数据进行科学建模处理,建立沉降位移与输出电信号的对应关系,从而实现对土沉降实时在线监测.搭建模拟测试平台,测试结果表明:对沉降磁环的定位测试,误差在1.2544 mm内,相比较于利用接近原理的传统测量仪器测量精度更高,数据稳定性更好,可以实现实时在线测量.     

基于STM32的电机振动信号采集检测系统

设计了一种电机振动信号采集检测系统,通过传感器将位移信号转换为电流信号,将电流信号转换为±4 V电压信号;并采用MAX295作为低通滤波器,滤除采集系统的高频分量; AD7606芯片将采集到的数据传给主控芯片STM32F429,并设计了系统软件。STM32可通过输出脉宽调制(PWM)波控制AD7606的采样频率,软件实现了数据的实时传输与保存,以及信号频谱与相关参数在屏幕上的实时显示。测试结果表明:设计的采集系统具有实时、可靠的优点,能够有效测量电机振动信号。     

固态降水传感器现场核查装置技术研究

针对气象观测台站固态降水传感器现场核查及测试的实际需求,研制了现场核查装置,结合砝码法实现了固态降水传感器的现场核查和测试;现场核查装置由基于ZigBee无线网络的数据获取装置和加重装置构成,数据获取装置具备环境气压、温度、相对湿度的实时检测能力,具备RS232、RS485及通断信号方式3种固态降水传感器接口的数据读取能力;加重装置由三角支架、OPD降水模拟器及砝码托盘组成,其中降水模拟器采用阻挡原有OPD降水发生探测器红外光束,人为给定指定频率脉冲信号的方法实现了降水的模拟,能够兼容多种型号的固态降水传感器;经实验测试,固态降水传感器能够准确识别加入其中的砝码重量,数据获取装置的3种接口数据读取准确度均达到100%;降水量测量值与理论值相关系数为0.9999;表明现场核查装置能够应用于固态降水传感器现场核查及测试业务。     

基于霍尔效应的土沉降监测方法及装置

针对我国目前土沉降监测的自动化程度及仪器可靠性低、监测数据不及时、测量精度不高等问题,提出了一种新型基于霍尔效应的科学监测方法;这种方法采用多个霍尔器件组成阵列,将沉降磁环分布在土中,土的沉降会带动沉降磁环的跟随沉降,于是便会引起霍尔器件周围磁场强度发生相应的变化;利用霍尔效应监测霍尔器件周围磁场强弱并转化为相应的电信号,采用RS485总线通讯方式将采集到的数据实时上传至实验主机,主机对实验数据进行科学建模处理找到沉降磁环沉降位移与电信号的关系,并设计监测管理平台以实现对土沉降实时在线监测;通过实验验证这种监测方法监测精度高最大误差在0.4 mm、稳定性好,可以对多点实时在线监测,从而实现对土沉降的智能化高精度监测;在设计中可结合当前远程传输控制技术实现数据远程共享,具有更加广泛的应用前景。     

基于FPGA的开关量输入模块设计

在测控系统中,经常需要对各种现场信号进行采集;该模块主要实现对开关量状态信号进行实时监控,记录状态信息,为故障诊断提供依据;在设计中,采用了光耦隔离器件对输入信号进行了隔离和抗干扰处理,使用了FPGA实现了数据实时采集和中断处理,最后经PCI总线与主机进行数据交互;在故障诊断系统中,该信号采集板工作稳定、可靠,能够满足系统的实时性要求。     

基于STM32和CPLD的低功耗高速数据采集装置的研究与设计

本文设计了一种基于STM32和CPLD的低功耗高速数据采集装置。通过CPLD将传感器获得的信号进行连续采集,再将采集到的信号转存至FLASH芯片。STM32作为装置控制核心,负责与服务器通信和控制CPLD进行数据采集。装置具有高速、低功耗、实时在线的特点,可实时测量高速信号的全波波形,可为雷击在线监测装置提供设计参考和依据。     

基于STC89C52单片机的红外光通信装置设计

本系统用红外发光管和红外光接收模块作为数据的收发器件,用来定向传输语音信号。该装置主要分为发射部分、中级转发部分、接收部分组成,用来实现红外光的传输与接收,采用一路数字信道,实时传输发射端环境温度。以STC89C52单片机为控制核心,控制温度传感器采集温度,使显示模块在接收端实时显示,语音信号与数字信号能同时传输。接收模块采用BTL放大电路,较好的实现了对语音传输的放大,成功的完成了红外光通信装置的实现。     

基于PSD的炮口振动位移测试系统设计

为了实现炮口振动位移测试,选取大地坐标系为基准,通过坐标矩阵变换和几何求解,来描述火炮炮口位置相对于大地坐标系的振动位移情况,在测试系统中选用位置敏感探测器(Position Sensitive Device, PSD)作为光敏器件,搭建炮口振动测试模型和ZYNQ信号采集模块,用上位机软件完成炮口振动位移数据的解算、存储和显示。最后,开展了炮口振动位移测试系统的非线性拟合实验,拟合误差为25.1μm,可用于炮口振动位移测试中。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.