Observations on Berlin and Bonn

This paper, which continues the Libeskind/Lampugnani debate in Volume 1 Number 4 (followed up by Robert Maxwell in Volume 2 Number 1), is an edited version of the illustrated lecture delivered in Haifa, Tel-Aviv and Jerusalem in May 1996, and serves as prologue to the Autumn issue of The Journal of Architecture , devoted exclusively to Berlin.     

Visibility of exit signs in clear and smoky conditions

This paper was presented at the 1991 IESNA Annual Conference and is reprinted with permission from the Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Society, Winter 1992, Volume 21, Number 1, pp. 69–84     

Critical dialogue: China and the West

In November, 2005, The Journal of Architecture (Volume 10, Number 5) published Criticality in between China and the West by Jianfei Zhu: there followed extensive critical responses to this paper (on the architectural web in China; an extended seminar was held at Tongji University) which are detailed at the end of this section. Published here are two commentaries submitted to The Journal of Architecture, Tao Zhu's in direct response to the original essay, and Jianfei Zhu's response to Tao Zhu.     

Modern landscape architecture: monuments and icons

In November, 2005, The Journal of Architecture (Volume 10, Number 5) published Criticality in between China and the West by Jianfei Zhu: there followed extensive critical responses to this paper (on the architectural web in China; an extended seminar was held at Tongji University) which are detailed at the end of this section. Published here are two commentaries submitted to The Journal of Architecture, Tao Zhu's in direct response to the original essay, and Jianfei Zhu's response to Tao Zhu.     

A computer-vision-based and fuzzy-logic-aided security and fire-detection system

The paper starts with the introduction of the basic requirements of classical intrusion detection and alarm systems, and fire detection systems. The drawbacks of such conventional systems are highlighted. Techniques of computer vision are employed to remove the drawbacks and at the same time, increase the reliability and response rate of the systems. For security and low-level fire detection, a fuzzy-logic-based image-comparison algorithm is deemed adequate. In order to confirm the existence of fire or smoke, techniques related to optical flow are employed as high-level fire or smoke detection which generate a velocity field for the image so that the decision can be judged using fuzzy logic. Details of implementation and some experimental results have been included in the paper for illustration. This paper is reprinted from the Architectural Science Review,Volume 7, Number 1, pages 9–16.     

Utilization of steel slag as aggregates for stone mastic asphalt (SMA) mixtures

Steel slag is a byproduct making up a portion of 15–20% of iron output in an integrated steel mill. Most of them are deposited in slag storing yards and thus results in many serious environment problems in China. This paper aims to explore the feasibility of utilizing steel slag as aggregates in stone mastic asphalt (SMA) mixtures, and properties of such asphalt mixtures are evaluated as well. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) were employed to study the compositions, structure and morphology of aggregates. Volume properties and pavement performances of SMA mixture with steel slag were also evaluated as compared to that with basalt as aggregates. Results indicated that volume properties of SMA mixture with steel slag satisfied the related specifications and expansion rate was below 1% after 7 days. When compared with basalt, high temperature property and the resistance to low temperature cracking of SMA mixture were improved by using steel slag as aggregate. In-service SMA pavement with steel slag also presented excellent performance on roughness and British Pendulum Number (BPN) coefficient of surface.     

Contents of Volume 17

Volume Contents

Contents of Volume 17     

Contents of Volume 15

Volume Contents

Contents of Volume 15     

Energy simulation approach to air-conditioning system evaluation

This paper deals with the energy simulation approach in evaluating some of the commonly employed air-conditioning systems for high-rise office buildings. These systems are evaluated on the basis of their thermal comfort performance and energy efficiency. It is found that the Two Pipe Induction Unit System (TPIUS) performs the best and is the most energy efficient, followed by the Variable Air Volume System (VAVS). The thermal comfort performance of Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) and the Constant Air Volume System (CAVS) is less preferred among all systems studied and they also appear to be the least energy efficient.     

A Full-Scale Prototype Multisensor System for Damage Control and Situational Awareness

The U.S. Naval Research Laboratory has developed a real-time, remote detection system for damage control and situational awareness, called “Volume Sensor”, as part of the Advanced Volume Sensor Task, an important element of the U.S. Navy’s Office of Naval Research, Future Naval Capabilities program, Advanced Damage Countermeasures. The objective of the Advanced Volume Sensor Task was to develop an affordable detection system that could identify shipboard damage control conditions and provide real-time threat level information for damage control events (such as flaming and smoldering fires, explosions, pipe ruptures, flooding, and gas releases) while eliminating the false alarms typical of fire detection systems in industrial environments. The approach was to build a multisensor, multicriteria system from low cost commercial-off-the-shelf hardware components integrated with intelligent software and data fusion algorithms. Two multicompartment prototype Volume Sensor systems were constructed at NRL and tested with a series of simulated damage control events at the Navy’s full-scale fire test facility, the ex-USS Shadwell in Mobile Bay, AL. Results from this test series indicate that the Volume Sensor Prototypes performed as well or better than commercial video image detection and point-detection systems in critical quality metrics for fire detection while also providing additional situational awareness for flooding scenarios, fire suppression system activations, and gas release events.     

Reviews

FARMED LANDSCAPES: THE WAY AHEAD by the Agrolandscapes Working Party. RIBA Bookshops, 1981. £1 (paperback).

ECOLOGY AND PLANNING by P.H.Selman, George Godwin, London, 1981.

THE MAKING OF NEIGHBOURHOOD OPEN SPACES: COMMUNITY DESIGN, DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT by Mark Francis, Lisa Cashdan & Lynn Paxson. Center for Human Environments, City University of New York, 1981.

WATER PLANNING IN BRITAIN by Dennis J. Parker and Edmund C. Penning-Rowsell. Resources Management Series Volume 1, Editors Richard Munton and Judith Rees. George Allen and Unwin, London, 1980.

COUNTRYSIDE PLANNING YEARBOOK edited by Andrew Gilg. Volume 3, 228 pages. Geo Books, Norwich, 1982.     

碳化水泥砂浆分形特征研究

利用压汞试验对不同碳化程度水泥砂浆孔结构的分形特征进行研究。结果表明:水泥砂浆具有多重分形的特征;碳化使水泥砂浆总孔隙率降低,孔径细化,凝胶孔的孔隙体积分形维数降低;而生成的碳酸钙在大孔、毛细孔中沉积,大孔、毛细孔的体积分形维数增大。因此,分形维数能表达碳化对混凝土材料孔结构的影响。     

灌注桩混凝土抗硫酸盐侵蚀试验研究

对掺量粉煤灰高性能混凝土和普通混凝土灌注桩进行抵抗硫酸盐和浓度镁盐的双重强侵蚀试验。试验表明掺量粉煤灰高性能混凝土,其可以抵抗硫酸盐和浓度镁盐的双重强侵蚀,完全能满足混凝土抗侵蚀要求。在相同配合比条件下,质量变化在腐蚀早期的质量变化率很接近,随着侵蚀龄期的增加,粉煤灰高性能混凝土抗侵蚀性能均优于普通水泥混凝土,这与耐蚀系数得出的结论基本上相吻合。     

掺不同级配轻集料混凝土的力学性能和长期性能

研究了掺不同级配轻集料高强混凝土的抗压强度、弹性模量、密闭条件下的体积变形和徐变.研究结果表明,掺不同级配轻集料高强混凝土的力学性能相差不大,28d强度最大最小值之差为其强度的6％左右,弹性模量最大最小值之差为其弹性模量的4％左右;掺不同级配轻集料的混凝土密闭条件下体积变形相差较大,掺加粒径2.36～4.75 mm和4...     

Book reviews

BIOLOGICAL STUDIES OF THE ENGLISH LAKES by T. T. Macan. Longmans (xvi + 260 pp, 5 P1, 75 text figures), 80/‐ net.

ADVANCES IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. Volume 1, edited by J. N. Pitts, Jnr. and R. L. Metcalf (Wiley), 1970, 356 pp., 150/‐     

全球酒店信息传递

hoteliers,Spa馆“瞄准”男性顾客，虚拟礼宾的优势,幸运数字8,Gostelow报道     

Application of direct strength method to axially loaded perforated cold-formed steel studs: Longwave buckling

A study to develop methods of analyzing perforated, axially loaded, cold-formed steel studs using the provisions of the Direct Strength Method [3] was undertaken using the Finite Strip Method as the method for determining the elastic buckling stresses. Several different models were developed to represent the effect of the web perforations. The capacities predicted using the Direct Strength Method for the limit state of longwave buckling were compared to capacities calculated using the equations contained in the AISI Specification [3]. The limit states of local and distortional buckling are considered in a companion paper [12]. The validity of the results is discussed and recommendations are made for the use of the Direct Strength Method for these members.     

VAV空调系统初探

介绍了ＶＡＶ空调系统的特点，构成，系统设计控制方法，并给出了在上海的两个实例。     

Environment protection by urban concentration

Bent Flyvbjerg, Rationalitet og magt. Bind I: Det konkretes videnskab. Bind II: Et case‐baseret Studie af planlagning, politik og modernitet (Rationality and power. Volume I: The science of the concrete. Volume II: A case‐based study of planning, politics and modernity). Odense: Akademisk Forlag, 1991. Volume I, 177 pp.; Volume II, 463 pp.

Håkan Forsberg, En polilisk nödvändighet. En Studie av den fysiska riksplaneringens Introduktion och tillämpning (A political necessity—a study of the genesis and implementation of national land‐use planning). Linköping: Linköping Studies in Art’ and Science, 1992.

Mats Johansson and Lars Olof Persson, Regioner för generationer (Regions for generations). Stockholm: Allmänna förlaget, 1991.

Eva Hurtig, Bättre bostad bra men hemma bäst. Om kvarboende vid förnyelse av hyresbostäder (A modernized dwelling would be nice, but this is my home). Gothenburg: Chalmers University of Technology, 1990.

Cecilia Henning, Boende och omsorg—omsorg om boendet. Analys av en modell för socialt‐jänstens medverkan i samhällsplaneringen—en vision for äldreboende (Housing and care—care for housing. Analysis of a model for the participation of the social services in physical planning linked to a vision for housing for the elderly). Doctoral dissertation Linköping university. Stockholm: Swedish Council for Building Research, R56: 1991.     

玄学视角下的中国传统风水术浅析

风水术是我国传统文化的一部分,但是在当代不少人都关注其到底是属于科学还是迷信。本文从玄学的角度出发,简单分析了风水术的象,数,理的相关内容,并认为风水术在当代应该继续被研究并且发展。