共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 781 毫秒
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基于脑电的脑机交互能帮助肢体运动障碍患者进行日常生活和康复训练,但是,由于脑电信号存在信噪比较低、个体差异性大等问题,导致脑电特征的提取与分类还需要进一步提高准确性和效率.因此,在减少脑电采集通道数目、增加分类数目的前提下,基于卷积神经网络对运动想象中的脑电信号进行分类.首先,基于已有方法进行探索实验,建立由3层卷积层、3层池化层和2层全连接层构成的卷积神经网络;然后针对想象左手、右手、脚的运动和静息态设计与开展了实验,获取了相关脑电数据;之后,利用脑电数据训练出基于卷积神经网络的分类模型,测试结果表明,该模型平均分类识别率达到了82.81%,且高于已有的相关分类算法;最后,将已建立的分类模型应用于运动想象信号的在线分类,设计与开发了脑机交互应用原型系统,驱动人-机器人之间的实时交互,帮助用户利用运动想象控制仿人机器人的抬手、前进等运动状态.进一步的测试结果表明,机器人对用户控制命令的平均识别率达到了80.31%,从而验证了所提方法可以对运动想象脑电数据进行较为精确的实时分类,可以促进脑机接口技术在人-机器人交互中的应用. 相似文献
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基于运动想象脑电信号的脑机接口(BCI)技术近年来发展迅速,并且与传统方法相比,深度学习取得了具有竞争力的效果。然而如何设计和训练一个端到端网络来充分提取运动想象脑电信号的潜在特征仍然是一个挑战。从脑电的时间和空间特征出发,提出了一个基于注意力机制的多尺度时空自注意力网络模型用于运动想象脑电信号四分类(左手、右手、脚、舌头/休息)。由于运动想象脑电信号的幅值与响应时间因人而异,无法确切确定与运动想象最相关的大脑区域,在空间上使用自注意力机制自动将较高的权重加权到与运动相关的通道,将较低的权重加权到与运动无关的通道来选择最佳通道;在时间上,使用并行多尺度TCN层提取不同尺度下的时间域特征信息,消除时间域上的噪声。多尺度融合模块融合提取的空间和时间域特征,最后输入到特征分类模块进行分类。提出的模型在BCI竞赛数据集IV-2a、IV-2b数据集和HGD数据集上分别达到79.26%、85.90%和96.96%的精度。与现有方法相比,该方法在单被试分类中具有更高的准确率。结果表明,该方法具有较好的性能、鲁棒性和迁移学习能力。 相似文献
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彭锦强 《计算技术与自动化》2020,39(1):181-188
脑电信号的非线性、非平稳性和微弱性造成对运动想象脑电信号的分类存在特征提取困难,分类结果不理想,分类性能受噪声影响明显等问题。为此,提出了一种基于因子分析(Factor Analysis,FA)模型的噪声稳健运动脑电信号分类方法。首先利用FA模型对脑电信号中存在的噪声分量进行抑制,针对重构信号可分性较差的问题,将其转换至功率谱域,进而提取三维能够反映不同运动状态的功率谱特征,最后利用支撑向量机(Support Vector Machine,SVM)分类器对所提特征向量进行分类判决。基于Graz数据的验证实验表明,所提方法可以明显提升低信噪比条件下的分类性能,在实际工程应用中具备较强的推广泛化能力。 相似文献
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对运动想象脑电信号进行分类识别,是脑机接口研究中的重要问题。为此,提出一种基于极大重叠小波变换和AR模型的脑电信号分类方法。将脑电信号波形进行极大重叠小波分解,抽取变换系数的统计特征,利用Burg算法提取其3层光滑的8阶AR模型系数以及3层光滑部分的能量曲线特征,将这3类特征进行组合后,使用神经网络、支持向量机及线性判别进行分类和比较。与BCI2003竞赛数据分类精度结果相比,该方法的识别率更高。将模型移植入自行研制的嵌入式脑电信号控制电机转向系统中,该模式识别方法的平均准确度达到了91.3%,可用于嵌入式脑机接口的系统设计。 相似文献
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为在脑机接口系统BCI(brain-computer interface)中有效选择导联进行特征提取和分类提供依据,研究了基于运动想象脑电信号的导联排序.根据公共空间模式算法CSP(common spatial pattern)原理提出了一种导联排序方法--基于协方差和主成分分析的排序算法CPSorting(covariance and principal component sorting),并研究了运动想象脑电信号MI(motor imagery)导联的排序情况以及排序靠前的导联对分类的贡献.利用公共空间模式算法对CPSorting排序后导联的数据提取特征,再分别应用支持向量机SVM和K近邻算法KNN进行分类.实验结果表明了该排序算法能有效地对基于运动想象脑电信号的导联进行排序. 相似文献
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对运动想象(MI)脑电信号的正确分类是决定基于运动想象脑电的脑-机接口(BCI)性能的关键因素。为有效地提取MI脑电信号特征、提高分类正确率,提出一种基于单形进化的BP神经网络优化算法(BPSSSE)并运用于MI脑电信号的识别,提取自相关(AR)模型参数和希尔伯特边际谱作为特征输入,通过单形进化算法优化BP神经网络学习性能,实现对MI脑电信号的分类。测试实验中,对BCI竞赛数据进行左右手分类。结果表明在4s~ 8s时间段内平均分类正确率为80.17%,最高分类正确率为87.14%,证明了本文算法在基于MI脑电的脑机交互控制系统中应用研究的有效性和可行性。 相似文献
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Kwang-Eun Ko Kwee-Bo Sim 《International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems》2013,11(3):608-613
This paper presents an improved method based on single trial EEG data for the online classification of motor imagery tasks for brain-computer interface (BCI) applications. The ultimate goal of this research is the development of a novel classification method that can be used to control an interactive robot agent platform via a BCI system. The proposed classification process is an adaptive learning method based on an optimization process of the hidden Markov model (HMM), which is, in turn, based on meta-heuristic algorithms. We utilize an optimized strategy for the HMM in the training phase of time-series EEG data during motor imagery-related mental tasks. However, this process raises important issues of model interpretation and complexity control. With these issues in mind, we explore the possibility of using a harmony search algorithm that is flexible and thus allows the elimination of tedious parameter assignment efforts to optimize the HMM parameter configuration. In this paper, we illustrate a sequential data analysis simulation, and we evaluate the optimized HMM. The performance results of the proposed BCI experiment show that the optimized HMM classifier is more capable of classifying EEG datasets than ordinary HMM during motor imagery tasks. 相似文献
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基于HHT运动想象脑电模式识别研究 总被引:19,自引:6,他引:13
脑机接口是一种变革性的人机交互, 其中基于运动想象(Motor imagery, MI)脑电的脑机接口是一类非常重要的脑机交互. 本文旨在探索有效的运动想象脑电特征模式提取方法. 采用在时域、频域同时具有很高分辨率的希尔伯特--黄变换(Hilbert-Huang transform, HHT),进而提取自回归(Auto regressive, AR)模型参数并计算运动想象脑电平均瞬时能量,从而构造特征向量, 最后利用能较好地适应运动想象脑电单次试验分类的支持向量机(Support vector machine, SVM)进行分类. 结果表明在Trial的5.5~7.5s期间, HHT特征提取方法平均分类正确率为81.08%, 具有良好的适应性;最高分类正确率为87.86%, 优于传统的小波变换特征提取方法和未经HHT的特征提取方法;在Trial的8~9s期间, HHT特征提取方法显著优于后两种特征提取方法. 本研究证实了HHT对运动想象脑电这一非平稳非线性信号具有很好的特征提取能力, 也再次验证了运动想象事件相关去同步(Event-related desynchronization, ERD)现象, 同时也表明运动想象脑电的脑--机交互系统性能与被试想象心理活动的质量密切相关. 本文可望为基于运动想象脑电的在线实时脑机交互控制系统的研究打下坚实的基础. 相似文献
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For the problem of low classification accuracy and poor real-time performance during the traditional common spatial patterns (CSP) algorithm for motor imagery EEG signal processing, a new analysis method of CSP EEG signal based on time space frequency domain is put forward. Firstly, the wavelet packet is used to decompose the original signal of EEG, the motor imagery EEG rhythm is extracted according to the frequency distribution of EEG signal, and the spatial features of EEG are extracted by improving CSP algorithm. Then, we introduce the time window to filter the EEG signals, and eliminate the influence of EEG fluctuation at the beginning and end of the motion imagery. Lastly, according to the characteristics of the physiological distribution of EEG signals in the brain cortex, the method based on spindle channel is used to process the EEG signal and analyze computational time of different algorithms and the classification results. The experimental results show that, the running time of the algorithm is 1.562 s, which is 67% shorter than the traditional method, and the average classification accuracy is up to 97.5% when the number of spindle channels is 29 and the time window is 2 s. In the meantime, the results show that the proposed method can effectively improve the classification accuracy and the real-time performance of motor imagery EEG. 相似文献
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共同空间模式(Common spatial pattern,CSP)是运动想象脑机接口(Brain-computer interface,BCI)中常用的特征提取方法,但对多类任务的分类正确率却明显低于两类任务.通过引入堆叠降噪自动编码器(Stacked denoising autoencoders,SDA),提出了一种多类运动想象脑电信号(Electroencephalogram,EEG)的两级特征提取方法.首先利用一对多CSP(One versus rest CSP,OVR-CSP)将脑电信号变换到使信号方差区别最大的低维空间,然后通过SDA网络提取其中可以更好表达类别属性的高层抽象特征,最后使用Softmax分类器进行分类.在对BCI竞赛IV中Data-sets 2a的4类运动想象任务进行的分类实验中,平均Kappa系数达到0.69,表明了所提出的特征提取方法的有效性和鲁棒性. 相似文献
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针对运动想象脑-机交互任务模式单一、识别精度低、实用性较差等问题,采用改进的共空间模式(CSP)的特征提取方法,并利用支持向量机(SVM)与CSP融合分类方法对多类任务运动想象脑电特征进行分类识别。首先,选择特定导联上的脑电信号进行小波分解与重构,去除冗余信息;其次,利用特征参数做差的方法,得到较为明显的脑电特征;最后,通过SVM融合CSP的分类模式,对脑电特征进行多任务分类。利用BCI竞赛数据,对左手,右手,舌和脚四类运动想象任务的脑电进行识别。结果表明:分类正确率最高达到90.9%,平均正确率为86.8%,Kappa系数为0.8867,信息传输速率可达0.68 bit/trial,能够有效的获得脑电特征并较好的实现多任务运动想象脑电识别。 相似文献
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Pengpai WANG Mingliang WANG Yueying ZHOU Ziming XU Daoqiang ZHANG 《Frontiers of Computer Science》2022,16(5):165328
Human limb movement imagery, which can be used in limb neural disorders rehabilitation and brain-controlled external devices, has become a significant control paradigm in the domain of brain-computer interface (BCI). Although numerous pioneering studies have been devoted to motor imagery classification based on electroencephalography (EEG) signal, their performance is somewhat limited due to insufficient analysis of key effective frequency bands of EEG signals. In this paper, we propose a model of multiband decomposition and spectral discriminative analysis for motor imagery classification, which is called variational sample-long short term memory (VS-LSTM) network. Specifically, we first use a channel fusion operator to reduce the signal channels of the raw EEG signal. Then, we use the variational mode decomposition (VMD) model to decompose the EEG signal into six band-limited intrinsic mode functions (BIMFs) for further signal noise reduction. In order to select discriminative frequency bands, we calculate the sample entropy (SampEn) value of each frequency band and select the maximum value. Finally, to predict the classification of motor imagery, a LSTM model is used to predict the class of frequency band with the largest SampEn value. An open-access public data is used to evaluated the effectiveness of the proposed model. In the data, 15 subjects performed motor imagery tasks with elbow flexion / extension, forearm supination / pronation and hand open/close of right upper limb. The experiment results show that the average classification result of seven kinds of motor imagery was 76.2%, the average accuracy of motor imagery binary classification is 96.6% (imagery vs. rest), respectively, which outperforms the state-of-the-art deep learning-based models. This framework significantly improves the accuracy of motor imagery by selecting effective frequency bands. This research is very meaningful for BCIs, and it is inspiring for end-to-end learning research. 相似文献
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This paper presents a new approach called clustering technique-based least square support vector machine (CT-LS-SVM) for the classification of EEG signals. Decision making is performed in two stages. In the first stage, clustering technique (CT) has been used to extract representative features of EEG data. In the second stage, least square support vector machine (LS-SVM) is applied to the extracted features to classify two-class EEG signals. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, several experiments have been conducted on three publicly available benchmark databases, one for epileptic EEG data, one for mental imagery tasks EEG data and another one for motor imagery EEG data. Our proposed approach achieves an average sensitivity, specificity and classification accuracy of 94.92%, 93.44% and 94.18%, respectively, for the epileptic EEG data; 83.98%, 84.37% and 84.17% respectively, for the motor imagery EEG data; and 64.61%, 58.77% and 61.69%, respectively, for the mental imagery tasks EEG data. The performance of the CT-LS-SVM algorithm is compared in terms of classification accuracy and execution (running) time with our previous study where simple random sampling with a least square support vector machine (SRS-LS-SVM) was employed for EEG signal classification. We also compare the proposed method with other existing methods in the literature for the three databases. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can produce a better classification rate than the previous reported methods and takes much less execution time compared to the SRS-LS-SVM technique. The research findings in this paper indicate that the proposed approach is very efficient for classification of two-class EEG signals. 相似文献
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研究表明:不同受试者由于个体差异,会引起在执行相同运动想象任务时,产生与受试者关联的特定脑电信号特征,这是设计脑机接口系统面临的一个实际问题.为解决这个问题,本文提出了一种基于时–空–频联合特征的提取方法.首先,对原始118导联的EEG进行空间特征分析,从中提取出与运动想象相关脑区对应的55导联EEG信号.进一步,在训练集上,通过7–折交叉验证,训练出与受试者匹配的时间窗和频带.其次,利用8个共空域滤波器进行特征提取.最后,将获得基于样本的运动想象特征,采用相关向量机进行分类.仿真结果表明:该算法在第3届脑机接口竞赛数据集Data IVa分类上获得5位受试者平均分类精度为94.49%,结果优于当年第1名94.17%.此外,与其他3种常用的方法比较亦具有明显优势.本文提出的基于样本的时–空–频特征提取方法和相关向量机的结合,该算法整体性能优越,为基于运动想象的脑机接口在线系统设计提供了一种新方法. 相似文献
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目的 脑电图(electroencephalogram,EEG)是一种灵活、无创、非侵入式的大脑监测方法,广泛应用于运动想象脑机接口系统中,运动想象脑电图识别精度是决定系统性能的关键因素。然而由于脑电图采集时间长、个体差异大等原因,导致单个受试者可用于模型训练的样本数量少,严重影响了卷积神经网络在脑电图识别任务中的表现。为此,本文提出一种镜卷积神经网络(mirror convolutional neural network,MCNN)模型,使用集成学习与数据扩增方法提高运动想象脑电图识别精度。方法 在训练阶段,基于源脑电通过互换左右侧脑电通道构造镜像脑电,并与源脑电一起用于源卷积网络训练,有效扩增了训练样本;在预测阶段,复制已训练源卷积网络作为镜像卷积网络,将测试集中的源脑电输入源卷积网络,构造的镜像脑电输入镜像卷积网络,集成源卷积网络与镜像卷积网络输出的类别预测概率,形成最终类别预测。结果 为了验证模型的有效性和通用性,基于3种不同运动想象脑电图识别卷积网络模型分别构造镜卷积网络,并在第4届脑机接口大赛2a与2b数据集上进行实验验证。实验结果与原始模型相比,运动想象四分类和二分类准确率分别平均提高了4.83%和4.61%,显著提高了识别精度。结论 本文面向运动想象脑电图识别,提出了镜卷积神经网络模型,通过集成学习与数据扩增方法提高运动想象识别精度,有效改善了运动想象脑机接口性能。 相似文献