基于MCKD与1.5维Teager能量谱的滚动轴承故障诊断方法

针对滚动轴承早期故障冲击特征微弱,背景噪声干扰严重,冲击特征难以提取,本文提出了一种基于最大相关峭度解卷积(Maximum correlation kurtosis deconvolution,简称MCKD)与1.5维Teager能量谱相结合的滚动轴承故障诊断方法。由于轴承出现故障时其信号表现为周期性冲击,根据这一特性,本文首先利用MCKD的提取淹没在噪声信号中的周期性冲击特征成分,对原始信号进行降噪;然后再利用1.5维Teager能量谱得出信号的故障特征信息,并将该方法与谱峭度方法进行对比,通过仿真信号与实测信号验证了该方法的有效性和可行性。     

可变负载的准零刚度隔振器特性

针对风机滚动轴承微弱故障信号所具有的非线性和非平稳特征及易被强背景噪声掩盖的特点,提出了一种变分模态分解(variational modal decomposition, 简称VMD)和最大相关峭度解卷积(maximum correlated kurtosis deconvolution, 简称MCKD)相结合的滚动轴承微弱故障诊断方法。为实现VMD和MCKD的参数自适应选择,采用粒子群优化算法(particle swarm optimization, 简称PSO),对两种算法中的参数进行优化。首先,利用PSO优化VMD算法中的α和K,再基于VMD对微弱故障信号分解后的结果,选取最优模态分量;其次,利用PSO优化MCKD算法中的L和T,再基于MCKD算法加强最优分量信号中的故障冲击成分;最后,通过包络谱提取出轴承微弱故障特征。仿真和试验均表明,此方法能够自适应增强轴承微弱故障中的冲击成分,有效提取出被强噪声淹没的轴承微弱故障特征。     

基于局部均值分解和最大相关峭度解卷积的滚动轴承早期故障提取

滚动轴承处于早期故障阶段的时候,特征信号比较微弱,同时受到干扰噪声的影响,造成故障特征难以提取。针对这一问题,提出了基于局部均值分解(Local mean decomposition,LMD)和最大相关峭度解卷积(Maximum correlated kurtosis deconvolution,MCKD)两者相结合的故障诊断方法。在强噪声背景条件下,LMD对微弱故障信号特征难以提取,故对LMD分解得到的一组乘积函数(Product function,PF),利用相关系数与峭度值筛选出敏感分量进行信号重构,然后利用MCKD进行滤波,突出故障信号尖脉冲,最后根据信号的包络功率谱提取故障特征频率。算法仿真和实验证明了该方法的有效性。     

基于IEWT和MCKD的滚动轴承故障诊断方法

针对经验小波变换（Empirical wavelet transform,EWT）对强噪声环境中滚动轴承微弱故障诊断的不足,主要是傅里叶频谱分段不当的问题。提出一种基于最大相关峭度解卷积（Maximum correlated kurtosis deconvolution,MCKD）降噪与改进EWT相结合的滚动轴承早期故障识别方法。首先采用最大相关峭度解卷积算法以包络谱的相关峭度最大化为目标对原信号进行降噪处理、检测信号中的周期性冲击成分,然后根据信号Fourier频谱的包络极大值进行分段,通过分析各频段平方包络谱中明显的频率成分来诊断故障。新方法能有效降噪、增强信号中周期性冲击特征、降低单次偶然冲击的影响、抑制非冲击成分。通过对含外圈、内圈故障的滚动轴承进行试验分析,结果表明,相比于快速谱峭度图和小波包络分析方法,该方法提取出的特征更加明显,能有效实现滚动轴承早期微弱故障的识别。     

ALIF和MCKD相结合的滚动轴承早期故障诊断

滚动轴承早期故障特征信息十分微弱并夹杂着环境噪声的干扰,使其信噪比极低,造成微弱故障难以提取.针对这一问题,提出了一种基于自适应局部迭代滤波(Adaptive local iterative filter,ALIF)和最大相关峭度解卷积(Maximum correlated kurtosis deconvolution,MCKD)两者相结合的滚动轴承早期故障诊断方法.首先对采集到的振动信号应用ALIF进行分解得到若干个窄带本征模态函数(Intrinsic mode functions,IMFs),根据相关系数-峭度准则筛选出两个较为敏感的IMF分量进行重构降噪;然后对重构降噪后的信号采用MCKD算法增强故障特征中的冲击成分;最后对应用ALIF-MCKD增强后的信号进行包络谱解调分析,提取出故障特征从而判断轴承故障发生位置.     

复选降噪自适应型MCKD方法研究

针对强噪声干扰下,最大相关峭度解卷积（Maximum correlation kurtosis deconvolution,MCKD）对于弱响应轴承滚动体故障信号指定周期冲击增强和辨识能力有限,无法自适应确定参数的问题,提出一种改进MCKD故障诊断方法。首先利用小波多尺度分解得到故障响应高频分量使冲击成份更加凸显;然后以峭度值最大准则复选出最优故障信号高频分量,降低噪音的干扰;最后结合小波方差自适应确定MCKD参数。轴承故障仿真、实验数据分析结果表明,该方法能够实现弱响应的轴承滚动体故障诊断,同时适用轴承内外圈故障诊断。     

基于MCKD和CEEMDAN样本熵的滚动轴承故障诊断

针对滚动轴承故障特征微弱以及振动信号的非平稳性,提出一种基于最大相关峭度解卷积(maximum correlated kurtosis deconvolution,MCKD)和自适应白噪声完备经验模态分解(complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise,CEEMDAN)样本熵相结合的滚动轴承故障诊断方法。首先采用MCKD算法降低滚动轴承信号内的噪声干扰,突出信号中的冲击特性;然后利用CEEMDAN方法对降噪信号进行分解,根据峭度-相关系数准则选择包含主要故障信息的敏感固有模态函数(intrinsic mode function,IMF)分量;计算各敏感IMF分量的样本熵构成高维特征向量;最后将高维特征向量作为支持向量机(support vector machine,SVM)的输入,对滚动轴承的工作状态和故障类型进行识别。通过实测滚动轴承故障信号的分析,证明了所提方法有效性,并为此类问题的解决提供了一种可行方法。     

基于SWT-MCKD的滚动轴承故障特征提取方法

针对在强噪声背景下轴承早期微弱故障特征难以提取问题.提出了一种基于同步压缩小波变换(Synchrosqueezing Wavelet Transform,SWT)和最大相关峭度反卷积(Maximum correlation kurtosis deconvolution,MCKD)相结合的滚动轴承故障诊断方法.首先采用S...     

ELMD和MCKD在滚动轴承早期故障诊断中的应用

针对滚动轴承早期故障特征信号微弱且受环境噪声影响严重,故障特征信息难以识别的问题,提出了基于总体局部均值分解(Ensemble local mean decomposition,ELMD)和最大相关峭度反褶积(Maximum correlated kurtosis deconvolution,MCKD)的早期故障诊断方法。该方法首先运用ELMD对采集到的振动信号进行分解,得到有限个乘积函数(Product function,PF),由于噪声的干扰,从PF分量的频谱中很难对故障做出正确的判断。然后对包含故障特征的PF分量进行最大相关峭度反褶积处理以消除噪声影响,凸现故障特征信息。最后对降噪信号进行Hilbert包络谱分析,即可从中准确地识别出轴承的故障特征频率。通过轴承故障模拟实验和工程应用实例验证了该方法的有效性与优越性。     

基于PSO-VMD-MCKD方法的风机轴承微弱故障诊断

针对风机滚动轴承微弱故障信号所具有的非线性和非平稳特征及易被强背景噪声掩盖的特点,提出了一种变分模态分解(variational modal decomposition,简称VMD)和最大相关峭度解卷积(maximum correlated kurtosis deconvolution,简称MCKD)相结合的滚动轴承微弱故障诊断方法。为实现VMD和MCKD的参数自适应选择,采用粒子群优化算法(particle swarm optimization,简称PSO),对两种算法中的参数进行优化。首先,利用PSO优化VMD算法中的α和K,再基于VMD对微弱故障信号分解后的结果,选取最优模态分量;其次,利用PSO优化MCKD算法中的L和T,再基于MCKD算法加强最优分量信号中的故障冲击成分;最后,通过包络谱提取出轴承微弱故障特征。仿真和试验均表明,此方法能够自适应增强轴承微弱故障中的冲击成分,有效提取出被强噪声淹没的轴承微弱故障特征。     

基于谱峭度和CEEMD的滚动轴承声信号故障诊断研究

使用声信号来诊断轴承故障越来越受到重视.针对滚动轴承故障信号的强背景噪声特点,提出一种基于谱峭度和互补集合经验模态分解(CEEMD)的故障特征提取方法.该方法首先对滚动轴承声信号进行快速谱峭度计算并进行带通滤波预处理,使滚动轴承声信号变得简单且噪声小,故障冲击成分明显;然后利用CEEMD将滤波信号进行分解运算,得到一系...     

A novel method for the optimal band selection for vibration signal demodulation and comparison with the Kurtogram

The narrowband amplitude demodulation of a vibration signal enables the extraction of components carrying information about rotating machine faults. However, the quality of the demodulated signal depends on the frequency band selected for the demodulation. The spectral kurtosis (SK) was proved to be a very efficient method for detection of such faults, including defective rolling element bearings and gears [1]. Although there are conditions, under which SK yields valid results, there are also cases, when it fails, e.g. in the presence of a relatively strong, non-Gaussian noise containing high peaks or for a relatively high repetition rate of fault impulses.In this paper, a novel method for selection of the optimal frequency band, which attempts to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks, is presented. Subsequently, a new tool for presentation of results of the method, called the Protrugram, is proposed. The method is based on the kurtosis of the envelope spectrum amplitudes of the demodulated signal, rather than on the kurtosis of the filtered time signal. The advantage of the method is the ability to detect transients with smaller signal-to-noise ratio comparing to the SK-based Fast Kurtogram. The application of the proposed method is validated on simulated and real data, including a test rig, a simulated signal, and a jet engine vibration signal.     

运用小波包峭度包络的滚动轴承故障诊断

根据滚动轴承振动信号的性质,提出了一种基于小波包系数、峭度最大值原则及包络谱分析的滚动轴承故障自动诊断方法.首先,用小波包将信号分解到不同的频段上,再对不同频段的小波包系数计算其峭度值;然后,根据峭度值最大原则,自动确定由轴承缺陷所引起的共振频率所在的频带;最后,对该频带的小波包系数进行包络谱分析,以确定故障频率.此方法能够提高滚动轴承故障诊断的可靠性和便捷性.     

基于平方包络谱相关峭度的最优共振解调诊断滚动轴承故障

利用峭度指标识别滚动轴承共振频带,结合包络分析解调故障特征,是滚动轴承故障诊断的常用方法。峭度指标虽然能够表征瞬态冲击特征的强弱,却无法利用瞬态冲击特征循环发生的特点,导致其难以区分脉冲噪声和循环瞬态冲击,无法准确识别共振频带,进而容易导致错误的故障诊断结果。受峭度和信号自相关的启发,重新定义相关峭度,提出平方包络谱相关峭度新指标;并结合Morlet小波滤波和粒子群优化算法,提出一种滚动轴承最优共振解调方法。通过与峭度、谱峭度等进行对比,仿真和试验分析结果表明平方包络谱相关峭度能够准确识别循环瞬态冲击;最优共振解调能够稳健确定共振频带的最优中心频率和带宽,准确解调诊断滚动轴承故障,验证了平方包络谱相关峭度在检测循环瞬态冲击和识别最优共振频带中的有效性和优越性。     

基于经验模式分解和谱峭度的滚动轴承故障诊断

滚动轴承的振动信号是强背景噪声下的非平稳非线性信号,其特征提取是滚动轴承故障诊断的难点。为了提高滚动轴承的故障诊断效果,提出了基于经验模式分解(Empirical Mode Decomposi-tion,EMD)和谱峭度(Spectrum Kurtosis,SK)的滚动轴承故障诊断方法。首先利用EMD方法对轴承故障信号进行分解,剔除趋势项,利用归一化白噪声分量的统计特性来滤除信号中的噪声分量,然后利用谱峭度方法估计带通滤波器的中心频率和带宽,最后对剩余的信号执行带通滤波和包络解调进行故障诊断。对滚动轴承故障诊断的结果表明,本文提出的方法能够有效地提高轴承故障诊断的效果。     

基于改进EMD和谱峭度法滚动轴承故障特征提取

针对滚动轴承故障信号的强背景噪声特点,提出一种基于改进经验模态分解(empirical mode decomposition,简称EMD)与谱峭度法的滚动轴承故障特征提取方法.首先,利用EMD方法对原故障信号进行分解,得到若干平稳固有模态分量(intrinsic mode function,简称IMF);然后,采用灰色关联度与互信息相结合方法剔除传统EMD分解结果中存在的虚假分量;最后,运用谱峭度法和包络解调方法对真实IMF分量进行分析,提取故障特征频率.通过对实际滚动轴承故障信号的应用表明,该方法可有效地提取滚动轴承故障特征,且能够取得比传统包络解调分析更好的效果.     

基于SK-NLM包络的滚动轴承故障冲击特征增强

非局部均值算法(NLM)是活跃于图像信号处理领域的一种新方法,因其良好的去噪特性,近几年来在滚动轴承故障诊断领域也开始获得应用。NLM利用样本点邻域窗口包含的局部结构为基本单元,通过对相似成分加权运算后取其平均值以达到抑制噪声干扰、突出故障冲击特征的目的。但对于强噪声条件下的低信噪比信号而言,NLM滤波效果并不理想。提出一种结合谱峭度(SK)和NLM权重包络谱的故障诊断方法,首先对原始信号进行SK分析得到最优中心频率及带宽构成最优滤波器,初步消除环境干扰及测量噪声;其次对NLM算法进行改进,不再以滤波信号为分析对象,而是直接利用NLM加权运算得到的信号样本点权值分布曲线作为预处理信号的包络信号,从权重角度使故障冲击得到二次增强,消除SK带通滤波器的带内噪声;最后对权值分布曲线进行包络谱分析,进而得到诊断结果。通过仿真信号、实验室信号及工程实际信号分析对所提方法进行了验证,并与最小熵解卷积(MED)进行了对比。     

Faulty bearing signal recovery from large noise using a hybrid method based on spectral kurtosis and ensemble empirical mode decomposition

Time–frequency analyses are commonly used to diagnose the health of bearings by processing vibration signals captured from the bearings. However, these analyses cannot be guaranteed to be robust if the bearing signals are overwhelmed by large noise. Ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) was developed from the popular empirical mode decomposition (EMD). However, if there is large noise, it may be difficult to recover impulses from large noise. In this paper, we develop a hybrid signal processing method that combines spectral kurtosis (SK) with EEMD. First, the raw vibration signal is filtered using an optimal band-pass filter based on SK. EEMD method is then applied to decompose the filtered signal. Various bearing signals are used to validate the efficiency of the proposed method. The results demonstrate that the hybrid signal processing method can successfully recover the impulses generated by bearing faults from the raw signal, even when overwhelmed by large noise.     

Application of EEMD and improved frequency band entropy in bearing fault feature extraction

Ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) is widely used in condition monitoring of modern machine for its unique advantages. However, when the signal-to-noise ratio is low, the de-noising function of it is often not ideal. Thus, a new fault feature extraction method for rolling bearing combining EEMD and improved frequency band entropy (IFBE) is proposed, i.e., EEMD–IFBE. According to the problem of multiple intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) generated by EEMD, how to select the sensitive IMF(s) that can better reflect fault characteristics, a novel method based on FBE for sensitive IMF is proposed. In addition, since the bandwidth parameter is set empirically when the band-pass filter is designed based on the original FBE, a novel bandwidth parameter optimization method based on the principle of maximum envelope kurtosis is proposed. First, the original vibration signal is subjected to EEMD to obtain a series of IMFs; Then, the FBE values are obtained for the original signal and each IMF component, and the bandwidth of the band-pass filter (empirically) is designed as the characteristic frequency band at the minimum entropy value, and the affiliation between the characteristic frequency band of each IMF and the characteristic frequency band of the original signal is compared, and then selecting the sensitive IMF(s) that reflects the characteristics of the fault; Third, due to the influence of background noise, it is difficult to accurately obtain the fault frequency from the selected IMF(s). Therefore, the band-pass filter designed based on FBE is used, and the bandwidth parameter is optimized based on the principle of envelope kurtosis maximum, and then the selected sensitive IMF is band-pass filtered. Finally, the envelope power spectrum analysis is performed on the filtered signal to extract the fault characteristic frequency, and then the fault diagnosis of the bearing is realized. The method is successfully applied to simulated data and actual data of rolling bearing, which can accurately diagnose fault characteristics of bearing and prove the effectiveness and advantages of the method.     

基于WVD谱峭度法在轴承故障诊断中的应用

在对基于短时傅里叶变换(STFT)和基于小波变换的谱峭度法分析的基础上,提出了基于W igner Vil le分布的谱峭度法。将其作为检测工具,利用谱峭度构造最优滤波器提取轴承故障 信息。将这三种谱峭度法应用于滚动轴承故障诊断中进行对比分析。分析结果表明，时频分析方法对信号能量的集中程度和时窗与滤波器的选取是影响谱峭度法应用效果的主要因素。该结果对基于时频分析的谱峭度法理论体系的形成及其在故障诊断中的应用具有实际意义。