双分子层脂质膜的特性及其应用

双分子层脂质膜 (BLM )具有生物细胞膜的生物兼容性 ,是固定生物活性物质的理想材料 ,因此其在生物医学研究和生物传感器的研制领域具有广泛的应用前景。介绍了BLM的特性及其修饰 ,评述了双分子层脂质膜系统在生物医学应用和生物传感器开发方面的最新进展 ,展望了双分子层脂质膜系统应用的发展趋势。     

温度敏感的金膜表面的制备及表征

该文将羧基化聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(PNIPAm)修饰在金膜上,得到了对温度敏感的表面,并利用表面等离子体共振传感器及视频接触角测量仪对其进行了表征.结果发现:羧基化PNIPAm分子修饰后的金膜表面共振波长峰位发生了10.3 nm的红移,同时在26～35 ℃之间,其接触角有8°的变化,表明PNIPAm修饰的金膜表面对温度敏感.这样的表面有望用于生物芯片等领域,实现细胞、蛋白质等的可控捕获和释放.     

检测B型葡萄球菌肠毒素的Love波免疫传感器研究

报道了一种可用于检测B型葡萄球菌肠毒素(SEB)的Love模式声表面波压电免疫传感器。传感器本身由压电石英基片、叉指换能器和S iO2声波导层构成。通过APTES和戊二醛层交联蛋白A,实现抗体分子的定向固定,在Love波传感器的表面构建出抗体分子探针的传感界面。建立了基于网络分析仪的传感器测试系统,对抗体分子固定化过程以及10-6g/mL SEB的响应过程进行了实时监测,相位的偏移随时间表现出明显而规律性的改变,与戊二醛共价交联法进行了对比,并用原子力显微镜(AFM)对蛋白A法固定抗体以及捕获了SEB后的表面进行了成像表征。     

基于壳聚糖-硅溶胶复合膜固载甲苯胺蓝及纳米金的新型电流型过氧化氢生物传感器的研究

该文基于有机-无机复合膜和纳米技术研制了一种新型的高灵敏度的电流型过氧化氢(H2O2)生物传感器.首先将壳聚糖(CS)和氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(APTES)交联制得复合膜(CSHMs),并以该膜固载甲苯胺蓝(TB)和纳米金(GNPs),然后将HRP与CSHMs-TB-GNPs混合滴涂在玻碳电极的表面,最后在其表面吸附一层Nafion保护膜,制得Nafion/CSHMs-TB-GNPs-HRP/GCE修饰电极.Nafion膜可以减少HRP的泄漏,同时增强了传感器的抗干扰能力.用紫外吸收光谱法分析了修饰膜成分的组成,用循环伏安法对修饰电极进行了表征,并用计时电流法对H2O2传感器的性能进行了研究.实验结果表明,在最佳实验条件下,H2O2浓度在7.0×10-7～2.3×10-3mol/L范围内与其还原峰电流呈现良好的线性关系,检测下限为2.4×10-7mol/L(信噪比3).     

基于Nation和纳米金及明胶修饰的电位型高灵敏IgG免疫传感器的研究

利用滴涂于铂盘表面的Nation膜中负电性的磺酸基与anti—IgG分子中的氨基阳离子之间的静电作用实现抗体的结合，同时通过负电性的纳米金增加抗体的固定量，最后在修饰电极的表面涂敷一层明胶（Gelatin）薄膜进行固定，制成Gelatin／anti—IgG／Au／Nafion／Pt膜，制得非标记免疫传感器．用循环伏安法（CV）和交流阻抗法（Nyquist）对电极逐层修饰过程进行了表征，并对免疫传感器的性能进行了研究．该传感器测定IgG的最低浓度为2．0μg／L，标准曲线的线性范围在5—960μg／L，回归方程为：△E=2．2＋31．7log[IgG]，响应时间为5min．此传感器制备过程简单、稳定性好、灵敏度高、具有良好的选择性，用于生物样品分析，结果令人满意。     

基于复合静电驱动结构的硅微机械扭转微镜

为了改善硅微机械扭转微镜的机电耦合特性,降低器件的驱动电压并提高其工作可靠性,提出了几种新颖的基于复合静电驱动结构的硅微机械扭转微镜.提出的硅微机械扭转微镜将垂直扭转梳齿静电驱动结构、侧壁平行板电容静电驱动结构有机结合,实现了两种静电驱动方式的复合驱动,同时设计了内外双镜面结构,通过内外双镜面结构,实现了微镜的差动复合驱动,理论分析、模拟仿真与测试结果表明,通过上述两个方面新颖的设计,新结构显著降低了器件的驱动电压.同时为了提高器件的工作可靠性,在设计折叠梁柔性支撑结构时,将梁的不同位置设计成不同的厚度,对于硅微机械扭转微镜扭转过程中容易疲劳的梁部分加大了其厚度,从而在不影响器件扭转性能的前提下,明显提高了器件的可靠性.利用有限元方法对器件的力学特性和机电耦合特性进行了系统的仿真,获得了影响器件机电特性的关键结构参数.器件基于SOI晶片,采用表面硅工艺与体硅工艺相结合的方式加工制造,采用SOI晶片显著降低了微镜镜面的表面粗糙度,提高了其光反射能力.最后利用原子力显微镜对微镜镜面的表面粗糙度进行了测量和分析,实验结果表面微镜表面具有16nm的表面粗糙度,完全可以满足光学应用的需要.     

橢偏光学生物传感器

椭偏光学生物传感器是用来探测和研究特定生物分子及生物分子间相互作用的技术。其基本原理是利用椭偏成像技术实时显示吸附在固体表面上的多元生物分子吸附层的厚度分布和生物分子相互作用所引起的膜层的微小厚度变化。在一个固体表面上制备多种对待测生物分子具有亲和性的生物分子吸附层,当该表面浸入溶有待测的特定生物分子的溶液,其亲和性会使这种生物分子主动与表面上相应生物分子（和抗体对抗原的亲和性）相互作用,并结合成复合生物分子,使表面上该处     

接触角滞后对变截面微通道内水银液滴流动特性影响的数值仿真研究

微通道中气-液两相流的流动特性复杂,影响因素众多,表面效应成为了微流体流动的主要影响因素。在表面张力作用下,静态接触角由固相和液相物性决定,而动态接触角和接触角滞后则受表面粗糙度、表面不均匀性、表面污染等很多因素的影响。本文利用FLUENT中的VOF-CSF模型研究了惯性微流体开关中水银微液滴在变截面微通道内两相流的流动特性。通过动态和静态接触角滞后的UDF函数对变截面微通道中内流动特性的影响进行了数值仿真分析。结果表明,接触角滞后对水银微液滴的流动特性有重要影响,接触角滞后性越大,水银液滴越难通过微阀而进入储液槽闭合信号电极。由于水银液滴在加速度作用下接触线运动速度较低,动态接触角对流动特性的影响可以忽略,动态接触角可由静态接触角代替。     

Love波传感器及其质量灵敏度测试

为实现流体领域的液相传感,设计并制作了基于36°-YX LiTaO3作为压电衬底、PMMA薄膜作为波导层的Love波传感器;通过微电流电铸实验测量得到Love波传感器的质量灵敏度为-2.281 g-1cm2.分析了波导层厚度、器件温度和电铸电极的厚度三个因素对灵敏度的影响,为进一步提高灵敏度提供了参考.     

金属包覆多层ATR 生物传感器的理论研究􀀂

利用衰减全反射(ATR)方法进行角度探测,通过改进传统传感器只用单层金属膜激发表面等离子波(SPR)进行探测的结构设计,利用金属包覆波导代替原来的单层的金属膜结构,并从理论上分析了和计算了金属包覆多层ATR生物传感器的检测机理,从而为研制高灵敏度、高解析力的ATR生物传感器提供了理论依据.     

Surface modified solution‐derived nickel oxide film via ion‐beam irradiation as a liquid crystal alignment layer

In this article, we demonstrate the liquid crystal (LC) alignment characteristics of solution‐derived nickel oxide (NiO) film modified with ion‐beam (IB) irradiation. Cross‐polarized optical microscopy and pretilt angle measurements verified that uniform LC alignment was achieved using the NiO film as an alignment layer regardless of IB incidence angle. Contact angle measurements revealed that all of the NiO films had a deionized water contact angle below 90°, which indicates that they had hydrophilic surfaces that had an effect on the homogeneous LC alignment. Atomic force microscopy was conducted to determine the physical surface modification due to the IB irradiation, which showed that it reduced the size of the surface grains with agglomerations depending on the surface tilt from the IB incidence angle. Furthermore, microgroove structures strongly related to uniform LC alignment were observed after IB irradiation. Chemical surface modification was investigated via an X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis which revealed that IB irradiation modified the chemical bonds in the NiO film, and this affected the LC alignment state. Thus, these results indicate that using NiO film exposed to IB irradiation as an alignment layer is a suitable method for LC applications.     

A flexible dry electrode based on APTES-anchored PDMS substrate for portable ECG acquisition system

We developed a simple and low-cost flexible dry electrode with micro domes by depositing metal film directly on (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES)-anchored polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrate for portable electrocardiogram (ECG) acquisition system. However, the adhesion between metal and PDMS was poor, and metal film on PDMS always exhibited wrinkles. To overcome these difficulties, before depositing Cu, PDMS substrate was treated by APTES aqueous solution. Then, we evaluated the metal film through the microscopic photographs, the surface roughness measurements and the adhesion tests. On the base of the deposition technique improvement, a PDMS-based dry electrode for ECG monitoring was fabricated. We studied the performance of the flexible dry electrode and the results showed the fabricated electrode produced good ECG signals with distinct P, QRS, and T waves. In addition, the fabricated flexible dry electrode with micro domes showed lower skin-contact impedance and could obtain ECG signals with higher SNR than the flat dry electrode.     

Lamb-wave microdevices fabricated on monolithic single crystalsilicon wafers

Reliable and inexpensive microdevices that can be used in physical, chemical, biological, and environmental applications are in great demand. Lamb-wave (LW) ultrasonic devices have been shown to be extremely useful for applications in liquid environments. Working LW devices have been fabricated in this investigation on monolithic single crystal membranes using well-established integrated-circuit technology. The detailed fabrication procedure, photoacoustic testing of the piezoelectric material film, and a demonstration of device performance are presented in this paper. In practice, device performance was very sensitive to the surface quality of the membrane structure. This process presents the possibility for further size reduction, increased integration, and large-scale production     

Novel sub-100 nm surface chemical modification by optical near-field induced photocatalytic reaction

The surface modification is indispensable to facilitate new functional applications of micro/nanofluidics devices. Among many modification techniques developed so far, the photo-induced chemical modification is the most versatile method in terms of robustness, process simplicity, and feasibility of chemical functionality. In particular, the method is useful for closed spaces, such as post-bonded devices. However, the limitation by optical diffraction limit is still a challenging issue in scaling down the pattern sizes to nanoscale. Here, we demonstrated a novel surface modification on sub-100 nm scale utilizing the novel optical near-field (ONF) generated on nanostructures of photocatalyst (TiO₂). The minimum pattern size of 40 nm, which was much smaller than diffraction limit, was achieved using a visible light source (488 nm) and a conventional irradiation setup. The controllability of pattern size by light intensity, the feasibility of functionality, and the non-contact working mode have impacts on surface patterning of post-bonded micro/nanofluidics devices. It is also worthy to note that our results verified for the first time the ONF on nanostructures of non-metal materials and its ability to manipulate the chemical reaction on nanoscale.     

新农药咪蚜胺电子结构与构象的量子化学研究

采用半经验量子化学方法ＡＭ１对新农药咪蚜胺分子的电子结构与构象进行了研究。优化了分子的几何构型参数;计算了势能面、静电势分布、前线分子轨道能级及原子净电荷,并从理论上分析探讨了咪安水解反应易于发生的可能构象,为该农药的进一步研究提供了有用信息。     

溶胶-电雾化法在光纤表面制备PZT薄膜

首次提出了使用溶胶-电雾化法在光纤表面制备PZT压电陶瓷薄膜,分析了光纤表面PZT压电陶瓷薄膜的成膜机理与特点,系统的研究了溶胶-电雾化法制备PZT压电陶瓷薄膜的特点,并分析了前驱液浓度、电雾化条件、PZT压电陶瓷薄膜沉积过程温度等因素对于PZT压电陶瓷薄膜的表面质量的影响.针对整个工艺过程进行了优化,最终得到了表面质量较好的PZT压电陶瓷薄膜.     

PPy-CeO2复合薄膜柔性NO2传感器的制备与气敏特性研究

以吡咯(Py)单体为前驱液,六水合三氯化铁(FeCl3·6H2O)为氧化剂,通过化学氧化聚合法与自组装相结合工艺在柔性聚酰亚胺(PI)衬底上制备聚吡咯-二氧化铈(PPy-CeO2)复合薄膜.通过紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)、傅立叶红外光谱(FTIR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)及X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线电子能谱分析(XPS)对纯PPy和PPy-CeO2复合材料进行了表征分析,结果表明PPy-CeO2呈典型的核-壳结构.在室温条件下研究了纯PPy薄膜和PPy-CeO2复合薄膜对二氧化氮(NO2)的响应特性,结果表明,PPy-CeO2复合薄膜传感器显示出更优的响应特性,灵敏度为纯PPy薄膜传感器的12.6倍,且具有良好的重复性和选择性.最后讨论分析了PPy-CeO2复合薄膜传感器的NO2敏感机理.     

一种基于感光干膜-铟锡氧化物电极的简易细胞阻抗传感器实现细胞形态学和阻抗信息同时检测

加工一种基于感光干膜-铟锡氧化物DFP-ITO( Dry Film Photoresist-Indium Tin Oxide)电极的细胞阻抗生物传感器并实现细胞形态学和阻抗信息同时检测。35μm厚的感光干膜层压在ITO导电玻璃表面上作为绝缘层,通过照相制版技术在感光干膜绝缘层上蚀刻不同直径圆孔;以DFP-ITO作为工作电极,通过夹具和测量小池与Ag/AgCl参比电极、Pt丝对电极相连构成三电极阻抗测量系统;考察了不同直径DFP-ITO工作电极阻抗谱特征;通过细胞粘附实验及细胞毒性实验考察了感光干膜细胞生物相容性;通过光学显微镜和阻抗谱技术分别对接种在DFP-ITO电极上人肺癌细胞株A549粘附、增殖过程中的形
　　态学和阻抗信息进行检测和分析。研究结果发现不同直径DFP-ITO电极具有相似的阻抗特性;充分固化的感光干膜表面适宜A549细胞粘附且无明显的细胞毒性;基于DFP-ITO电极构建的细胞阻抗传感器能够通过光学显微镜获取A549细胞形态学数据,同时通过阻抗谱技术能够解析A549细胞粘附、增殖过程中的细胞质膜电容、细胞-细胞间隙电阻、细胞-ITO电极间隙电阻变化。本文发展了基于DEP-ITO电极的细胞阻抗传感器结构简单,可实现细胞形态学和阻抗信息的双通道获取,未来可用于细胞生理病理学行为和药物细胞毒性研究。     

表面等离子共振Ag-SnO_2薄膜光化学气体传感器

提出一种新型的Ag-SnO2复合膜H2S光化学表面等离子共振(SPR)气体传感器结构。结构中使用一只金红石材料作成的棱镜作为耦合棱镜,在棱镜的底边采用射频溅射技术制作Ag-SnO2复合膜(CuO为掺杂质),Ag膜和SnO2膜的厚度分别为50 nm和100 nm,在复合膜上设置待测气体的样品池。在白光入射激励下,复合膜的分界面发生SPR现象。实验结果表明:SPR的波长与H2S气体的体积分数基本呈线性关系。     

Active-head sliders using piezoelectric thin films for flying height control

This paper describes design and fabrication of a MEMS-based active-head slider using a PZT thin film for flying height control in hard disk drives. A piezoelectric cantilever integrated in the air bearing slider is used to adjust the flying height individually. An air bearing surface (ABS) geometry that minimizes the aerodynamic lift force generated beneath the head has been designed based on the molecular gas film lubrication (MGL) theory. The sliders with PZT actuators were fabricated monolithically by silicon micromachining process. Performance of the actuator was tested by using an optical surface profiler. Furthermore, the fabricated slider was mounted on a suspension and the flying height of the slider above a spinning disk has been measured by multiple wavelength interferometry. Change in the head-disk spacing has been successfully confirmed by applying voltage to the actuator.