基于线性网络编码重传算法的MATLAB仿真分析

近年来,网络编码技术理论飞速发展,为提高无线网络传输的吞吐率和可靠性提供了新的启发点。首先介绍了网络编码理论的发展现状和线性网络编码理论,然后构建了无线网络重传模型,对原有的网络编码无线广播重传(NCWBR)算法和改进型网络编码无线广播重传(ENCWBR)算法进行了MATLAB仿真,证明了ENCWBR算法在高丢包率的条件下确实可以很好地控制重传次数。     

退避算法在Ad hoc网络中的吞吐量性能评估*

针对现有的主要退避算法,通过一维马尔可夫链分析了指数退避算法、线性退避算法和多项式退避算法以及各自对应的有最大重传次数限制的退避算法在饱和Ad hoc网络中的吞吐量性能,为无线Ad hoc网络的MAC机制的性能优化提供了理论依据。分析表明,对重传次数进行限制会减小吞吐量,同时导致丢包率的增加。三种退避算法中,多项式退避算法的吞吐量最大,而冲突概率最小,指数退避算法的吞吐量和冲突概率在三种退避算法中均居于中间;此外,吞吐量随着竞争节点的个数增加而减小,其中线性退避算法减小的速度最快,指数退避算法次之。     

改进的无线Mesh网路由判据算法及其路由协议

为了改善802.11s无线Mesh网传输过程中因重传次数过大而造成的丢包问题,根据实际无线传输中的网络重传次数特性,提出一种基于最大重传次数的空中传播时间改进路由判据算法.同时为了缓解因单根节点造成的网络拥塞,提高实际场景中边缘节点的传输性能,并保证网络中所有节点使用无线信道资源的公平性,基于树的寻径机制从拓扑结构的角度,提出一种改进的多根节点的混合无线Mesh网路由协议(M-HWMP).理论及仿真结果表明,改进的路由判据算法及路由协议优化了无线Mesh网传输不同数据流时的吞吐量、时延特性,并在一定程度上避免了网络拥塞.     

无线接入网数据包最大重传次数的仿真和优化

数据业务已经成为第三代移动通信系统区别于二代移动通信系统的一个显著标志。而无线传输环境的不稳定性则使得数据的传输不能像有线网络那样得到可靠的保障。因此,在三代通信系统的无线接入网部分设定了一系列的机制来尽量减少丢包的发生。文中重点研究的是无线链路层数据包的最大重传次数对系统性能的影响,通过仿真不同的场景来找出不同的最大重传次数对系统的影响规律,从而配置合理的参数,优化系统性能。     

无线接入网数据包最大重传次数的仿真和优化

数据业务已经成为第三代移动通信系统区别于二代移动通信系统的一个显著标志。而无线传输环境的不稳定性则使得数据的传输不能像有线网络那样得到可靠的保障。因此，在三代通信系统的无线接入网部分设定了一系列的机制来尽量减少丢包的发生。文中重点研究的是无线链路层数据包的最大重传次数对系统性能的影响，通过仿真不同的场景来找出不同的最大重传次数对系统的影响规律，从而配置合理的参数，优化系统性能。     

WSN中基于网络编码缓冲策略的丢包恢复

为了减少无线传感器网络(WSN)用于恢复丢失数据包的重传次数,降低重传导致的能量开销,提出了WSN多播应用中一种利用网络节点的缓冲区存储和重传网络编码包进行丢包恢复的机制;分析了该机制和基于传统缓冲策略的跳到跳自动重传请求(ARQ)机制中,WSN进行丢包恢复所需的重传次数,给出了相应的数学模型,并进行了实验比较。实验结果表明,提出的丢包恢复机制,能够显著减少重传次数,从而减少无线传感器网络中重传引起的能量损耗。     

面向低功耗无线传感器网络的动态重传算法

由于信道通信质量具有时变性,为了保障数据传送具备高可靠性,需要在低功耗传输网络中加入能量利用率更高的重传机制。低功耗无线传感器网络对数据实时性的要求不高,但整体能量有限,因此重传的时机及重传的有效性显得额外重要。在静态发送队列的基础上,提出一种可靠且稳定的动态重传算法。随机出现丢包的节点利用自身产生的随机数作为序列,将其添加到重传队列中。 该算法利用随机生成发送时机的方式避免随机出现的通信不佳的情况 。 实践表明,动态重传算法在降低能耗的同时,能够提高数据传送的成功率。     

多中继协作无线网络中基于随机线性网络编码的调度方案

为进一步提升多中继协作无线网络传输效率,本文提出一种基于随机线性网络编码的动态规划方案,以最小化重传次数为目标,综合考虑各中继节点的有效信息与链路传输可靠性,实现多中继协同转发,以提升传输有效性。在各转发链路相互独立的情况下,针对整个传输过程,自适应地选取状态转移路径,确定最优转发节点。仿真结果表明,本方案相比随机调度机制能显著提升平均吞吐量,减少重传次数。在降低对反馈信息依赖和减少反馈开销的同时,其性能皆逼近完全反馈下基于贪心算法的调度机制。     

可靠组播中基于FEC的随机化差错恢复算法*

提出RRMF算法,用向前纠错和重传技术相结合的方式为网络提供可靠组播.FEC通过增加冗余信息的方式提高可靠性.当接收到的信息不足以恢复原始数据时,使用ARQ进行差错恢复.减少了重传发生的次数,从而降低了差错反馈信息和重传数据占用的带宽,适合在大规模交互中使用.     

自适应调度的增强QoS保证机制

针对IEEE802.11的媒体接入控制层QoS支持技术进行了研究.基于无线局域网MAC层DCF和EDCF两种退避机制,提出了一种增强型自适应慢速递减的EASDCF方案,并在此基础上的结合IEEE802.11e的业务分级的思想,通过最大竞争窗口和重传次数的不同来区分不同的优先级,并对每个优先级进行区分服务.仿真结果表明,EASDCF机制所采用的分级策略提高了时延敏感业务的吞吐量,并使丢包率敏感的数据业务得到可靠保障,该算法能够有效地增强网络的QoS,提高整个网络的性能.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.