固定瓦-可倾瓦气体轴承支撑的拉杆转子动力学特性

针对固定瓦-可倾瓦气体轴承支撑的拉杆转子动力学特性进行了研究。将拉杆转子轮盘间的接触效应等效为一个具有非线性刚度的抗弯弹簧,从而建立了拉杆转子模型。基于固定瓦-可倾瓦气体轴承的边界条件,运用微分变化法求解了Reynolds方程,得到了在单瓦坐标系下的气膜力,采用坐标变换和组装计算最终得到固定瓦-可倾瓦气体轴承的气膜力。在计算时对比了圆柱形气体轴承和固定瓦-可倾瓦气体轴承的稳定性、拉杆转子和整体转子的稳定性。最后,以转轴刚度为控制参数,运用改进的Newmark法研究了拉杆转子的动力学特性,同时也研究了固定瓦-可倾瓦气体轴承预负荷和支点比对转子系统运动行为的影响。     

松动对碰摩转子-轴承系统非线性特性的影响研究

在同时考虑轴承油膜力和碰摩发生时转子与定子之间的相对滑动速度对非线性摩擦力的影响基础上,构造了含有松动和碰摩故障转子系统的动力学模型,对转子 轴承系统由松动和碰摩耦合故障导致的非线性动力学行为进行了数值仿真研究,发现该类系统在运行过程中存在周期运动、拟周期运动和混沌运动等丰富的非线性现象,研究结果为转子 轴承系统故障诊断、动态设计和安全运行提供了理论参考。     

裂纹-碰摩转子-轴承系统周期运动稳定性

建立了含有裂纹-碰摩耦合故障转子轴承系统的动力学模型,利用求解非线性非自治系统周期解的延拓打靶法和F loquet理论,研究了系统周期运动的稳定性。发现碰摩转子-轴承系统在不同的转速下会发生鞍结分岔、倍周期分岔和Hopf分岔等现象,裂纹-碰摩耦合故障转子-轴承系统具有不同于单一故障的独特的动力学特性。研究结果为转子-轴承系统故障诊断和安全运行提供了一定的参考。     

气浮轴承支撑下裂纹-碰摩转子系统动力学分析

建立了带有裂纹和碰摩耦合故障的气浮轴承支撑的弹性转子系统的动力学方程。将打靶法思想与四阶龙格库塔法结合,对转子系统由于气膜力、裂纹和局部碰摩故障导致的非线性动力学行为进行了数值模拟,借助分岔图、相图、Poincare映射和频谱图分析了转子系统的运动形态。研究结果表明,随着系统参数的变化,在特定的参数组合下系统存在周期、拟周期和混沌等复杂的非线性动力学现象。     

挤压油膜阻尼器长径比对风车碰摩转子系统动力学特性影响

为了研究挤压油膜阻尼器长径比对转子系统风车定点碰摩动力学特性的影响,搭建了转子-轴承-刚性机匣系统风车不平衡模拟碰摩实验台,简化实验器得双盘-滚动轴承转子模型,在实验之前对双盘-滚动轴承转子风车状态下定点碰摩故障动力学响应特性进行研究,为实验做出相应的预估。将双盘-滚动轴承转子系统碰摩模型简化为集中质量模型,基于达朗贝尔原理建立了考虑非线性油膜力、碰摩力以及支承轴承力作用的双盘-滚动轴承转子系统碰摩非线性动力学运动方程,采用四阶Runge-Kutta法对动力学运动方程进行求解,分析了系统响应位移随挤压油膜阻尼器长径比的变化规律。结果表明:长径比是影响转子系统运动状态的敏感参数,若增大长径比,转子系统运动状态先后经历混沌运动、周期运动、拟周期运动和混沌运动,之后一直维持在混沌运动状态;随长径比增大,转子系统抗失效不平衡量呈现先增大后缓慢减小的趋势;长径比在0.4时,转子系统抗振性能最优。     

碰摩故障转子-滚动轴承耦合系统非线性动力学研究

针对滚动轴承支承下的转子碰摩故障机理分析和故障诊断问题,考虑滚动轴承非线性赫兹接触和轴承径向间隙,建立了含碰摩故障的转子-滚动轴承系统动力学模型。应用数值积分方法得到系统的非线性响应,利用时间波形图、分叉图、频谱图以及Poincaré映射图,研究了系统响应随转速、轴承间隙、碰摩刚度、偏心量以及碰摩间隙的变化规律,为有效诊断滚动轴承支承下的转子碰摩故障提供了理论依据。     

非线性弹性碰摩转子周期运动稳定性分析

在同时考虑轴承油膜力、转轴非线性弹性力和碰摩发生时转静件间的相对速度对非线性摩擦力的影响基础上,构造了具有碰摩故障转子-轴承系统的动力学模型。利用求解非线性非自治系统周期解的延拓打靶法和Floquet理论,研究了系统周期运动的稳定性,分析了非线性摩擦力对系统动力学特性的影响。     

双跨松动—碰摩转子—轴承系统周期运动稳定性

建立带有支承松动—碰摩耦合故障的具有三轴承支承的双跨弹性转子系统的动力学模型,利用求解非线性非自治系统周期解的延拓打靶法和Floquet理论,研究系统周期运动的稳定性及失稳规律。双跨松动转子系统以鞍结分岔形式失稳,双跨碰摩转子系统则以Hopf分岔形式失稳,松动故障对松动—碰摩耦合故障转子—轴承系统稳定性的影响起主要作用,系统以鞍结分岔的形式失稳;在不同转速下,耦合故障转子—轴承系统会出现鞍结分岔、Hopf分岔和倍周期分岔等多种分岔形式。研究结果为有效识别转子—轴承系统的基础松动故障提供一定的参考。     

转子-滑动轴承系统不对中-碰摩耦合故障分析

针对滑动轴承支撑下的转子系统发生不对中故障进而引起不对中-碰摩耦合故障的诊断问题,基于非线性有限元法,应用短轴承油膜力、等效不对中力矩及Hertz接触理论建立双盘不对中-碰摩耦合故障转子系统动力学模型,并通过增广的拉格朗日方法来处理接触约束条件,以保证转盘和机匣相互接触时满足边界渗透深度在规定的容差范围内。同时,结合试验研究分析了在不同转速条件时,滑动轴承支撑下的耦合故障转子系统的相关动力学特性。研究表明碰摩故障在耦合故障中处于主导地位,不对中故障主要会激发高倍频谱处于从属地位;并且随着转速的提高,系统频率成分以高倍频为主,逐步由拟周期运动进入混沌运动状态,同时由于不对中力矩与碰摩力的作用,油膜失稳现象局部被抑制,一、二阶油膜振荡现象均滞后显现。研究结果可为滑动轴承支撑下耦合故障转子系统故障诊断提供依据。     

非线性油膜力作用下的碰摩转子系统动力学分析

目的:在讨论转子系统碰摩问题时,必须要考虑非线性碰摩力的影响,通过建立合理的模型来进行碰摩转子系统动力学分析十分重要。方法:运用基于Hertz接触理论的非线性碰摩力模型建模并进行数值仿真计算,对不同碰摩刚度下的故障转子系统动力学响应进行了研究。结果:通过分析发现,在碰摩刚度较大时,与线性刚度碰摩模型相比,采用Hertz接触理论碰摩力模型仿真出的结果非线性特性更强,系统碰摩特征更加明显,有利于判断碰摩故障的发生;结论:结合相关实验结果,验证了Hertz碰摩模型的正确性及将其运用在碰摩故障转子系统建模中的可行性。     

Chaos of rub-impact rotor supported by bearings with nonlinear suspension

The nonlinear dynamic analysis of the rotor-bearing system is studied in this paper and is supported by oil-film short bearings with nonlinear suspension. An observation of a nonlinearly supported model and the rub-impact between rotor and stator is needed. Therefore for more precise analysis of rotor-bearing systems, the rub-impact between rotor and stator is also proposed in this paper. The displacements in the horizontal and the vertical directions charactering the theoretical model of the system are considered with non-dimensional speed ratio. Inclusive of the analysis methods of the dynamic trajectory, the power spectrum, the Poincaré maps and the bifurcation diagrams are used to analyze the behavior of the rotor centre and bearing centre in the horizontal and vertical directions under different operating conditions. The maximum Lyapunov exponent analysis is also used in this study to identify the chaotic motion. It is concluded that the trajectory of rotor centre and bearing centre have undesirable vibrations. Especially at s=5.6, the rotor centre is at chaotic motion but the bearing centre is still at quasi-periodic motion. With the analysis of the dynamic behavior of these operating conditions, the theoretical and practical idea for controlling rotor-bearing systems and optimizing their operation can be more precise.     

Nonlinear Numerical Prediction of a Rotor–Bearing System Using Damped Flexure Pivot Tilting Pad Gas Bearings

Flexure pivot tilting pad gas bearings with pad radial compliance (FPTPGB-Cs) and metal mesh dampers (MMDs) in parallel (FPTPGB-C-MMDs) have been considered for application to high-speed and high-performance turbomachinery because of their advantages of high effective damping level and adequate compliance with variations in rotor geometry or misalignment. Although the dynamic coefficients of FPTPGB-C-MMDs have been predicted using the linear method, a nonlinear study is urgently needed for their high nonlinear behavior. A nonlinear numerical investigation on the rotor–bearing system supported by FPTPGB-C-MMDs is presented in this study by using the time domain orbit simulation method that couples rotor motion equations, the unsteady Reynolds equation, and pad motion (considering MMDs) equations. The nonlinear predictions are verified by the prediction and experimental results of a published paper.FPTPGB-C-MMDs can effectively suppress the subsynchronous vibrations compared with the rotor system supported by FPTPGB-Cs. The prediction results show that a high damper mesh density has a more positive effect on improving the stability of the rotor system by reducing the subsynchronous vibrations. Investigation shows that MMDs can improve the ability of the rotor system to sustain the effect of destabilizing forces. A high damper mesh density can sustain large destabilizing forces. The simulation results also indicate that low pad radial stiffness or preload leads to high amplitudes of subsynchronous vibrations. A small clearance results in an increase in critical speed and its synchronous amplitude. Moreover, large clearance results in a wide speed range that leads to the occurrence of subsynchronous vibrations with large amplitudes.     

考虑支点偏置的多孔质可倾瓦轴承静态特性分析

为探究瓦块支点偏置对多孔质可倾瓦轴承静态性能的影响,建立多孔质可倾瓦轴承的热混合润滑模型,应用Fluent软件分析轴承静态特性;采用网格迭代算法和瓦块运动UDF对轴承各瓦块沿枢轴运动及摆动进行模拟,研究偏心率、转子转速、供气压力及枢轴支点偏置对轴承负载能力、质量泄漏量、摩擦扭矩和温升的影响。结果表明：增加轴承支点偏置可提高轴承承载力,特别是在高偏心率、高转速、低供气压力条件下,承载力提高更为明显;在偏心率和转速相同时,适当的支点偏置可显著降低轴承对气体的消耗：但支点偏置会增加摩擦力矩,使转子温度升高,应合理选择支点偏置避免温升对轴承的不利影响。研究结果为多孔质可倾瓦轴承的优化设计提供了参考。     

Severity Estimation of Cracked Shaft Vibrations within Fluid Film Bearings

The equations of motion, with four degrees of freedom, taking into consideration the flexibility, damping and cross coupling of the fluid film bearings are derived for a cracked Jeffcott rotor supported on fluid film bearings.

Dimensionless equations are developed for dynamic radial load, dynamic pressure developed in the fluid film bearings and coefficient of dissipation considering the journal vibrations in two harmonics; bearing fluid film stiffness and damping coefficients. These are applied to a cracked Jeffcott rotor supported on different types of bearings, i.e., cylindrical journal bearings, offset cylindrical bearings, tilting pad journal bearings and three-lobe bearings. Based on the allowable dynamic pressure developed in the fluid bearings, the severity of cracked shaft and allowable crack depths are estimated in this study. Measurement of dynamic pressure and dissipation for monitoring the crack growth is suggested. However, 2x vibration is the best indicator of cracks in the shafts.     

Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis of a Rigid Rotor Supported By a Spiral-Grooved Opposed-Hemisphere Gas Bearing

The nonlinear dynamic behavior of a rigid rotor supported by a spiral-grooved opposed-hemisphere gas bearing is investigated in this article, focusing particular attention on its whirl motion. The finite element method combined with the finite difference method is employed to solve the time-dependent Reynolds equation that is coupled with the rotor motion considering five degrees of freedom. The rotor responses to the initial disturbance and synchronous and nonsynchronous excitations are investigated. To analyze the complicated dynamic behavior of the rotor–bearing system, the trajectories of the rotor centerline, time responses, phase portraits, power spectra, Poincare maps, and bifurcation diagrams are obtained from the numerical procedure. The results show that the conical whirl instability appears earlier than the cylindrical whirl instability with increasing rotational speed for the rotor–bearing system with no unbalance mass. Moreover, it reveals that the complex dynamic behavior of the system excited by unbalance mass varies with rotational speed and rotor mass. In addition, bifurcation diagrams employing the rotating speed and rotor mass as bifurcation parameters are obtained. Finally, the nonsynchronous excitation responses are presented, which behave in a different way than the synchronous excitation responses. The results of this study offer a further understanding of the nonlinear characteristics of spiral-grooved opposed-hemisphere gas bearings.     

弹性支承双跨碰摩故障转子系统非线性特性

建立了弹性支承双跨碰摩及油膜故障20自由度转子系统的非线性动力学模型,并进行了数值分析.与刚性支承情况进行了对比,再用仿真试验进行了验证.结果表明,该系统具有明显的混沌特性,且碰摩间隙对弹性支承的非线性特性影响十分明显.弹性支承的转子系统比刚性支承非线性明显增强,混沌区域增大,实际工程中不容忽视.同时,仿真试验结果与数值分析结果基本一致,表明了数值分析结果的可靠性.     

动压气体轴承-转子系统的分岔和混沌

基于非线性动力学理论,研究了气体动压轴承-转子系统的不平衡响应及分岔行为。建立了与时间相关的非线性气体动压轴承的压力分布模型和气体动压轴承-刚性Jeffcott转子系统的动力学模型。运用有限差分法和逐次超松弛迭代法求解动压气体润滑雷诺方程;运用轨迹图、Poincaré映射图、时间历程图、频谱图和分岔图研究了有限宽气体轴承支承的非线性转子系统的不平衡响应及分岔;数值模拟结果揭示了系统存在复杂多样的非线性现象,这对气体润滑轴承支承的实际轴承—转子系统的设计提供了理论依据。     

轴向槽气体润滑轴承-转子系统非线性行为

基于非线性理论,分析了气体动压轴承-转子非线性动力系统的不平衡响应.建立了与时间相关的非线性气体动压轴承的压力分布模型和气体动压轴承-刚性Jeffcott转子系统的动力学模型.运用微分变换法求解了动压气体润滑的Reynolds方程,得到了非线性气膜压力分布.运用分岔图、轨迹图、Poincaré映射图及频谱图研究了三轴向槽有限宽气体轴承支承的非线性转子系统的不平衡响应.数值结果表明,系统的非线性行为包括周期运动、周期二运动、周期四运动、周期八运动及混沌运动等.     

不对称润滑工况下碰摩转子-轴承系统的动力学分析

在考虑非线性油膜力的基础上，建立了具有碰摩故障的转子一轴承系统的动力学模型。研究了具有碰摩故障的转子在两支承轴承使用相同和不同粘度润滑剂时的动力学行为，发现随着一端轴承润滑油粘度的降低，转子的混沌区域和拟周期区域扩大了。该结果为采用不同粘度润滑剂的转子一轴承系统的故障诊断提供了依据。     

不对称润滑对碰摩转子-轴承系统的动力学影响

在考虑非线性油膜力的基础上,建立了具有碰摩故障的转子-轴承系统的动力学模型。用数值方法研究了在非线性油膜力作用下具有碰摩故障的转子系统的动力学特性,并研究了当改变其中一个支承轴承润滑油的粘度时,转子系统的动力学特性。研究发现,随着一轴承润滑油粘度的降低,转子系统亚临界角速度区的混沌区域和拟周期区域扩大了。该结果为采用不同粘度润滑剂的转子-轴承系统的优化设计、安全运行和故障诊断等提供了一定的理论参考