1,2-聚丁二烯/碳纳米管复合材料的制备与性能

采用哈克转矩流变仪分别将多壁碳纳米管(MWCNT)及聚合物包覆多壁碳纳米管(P-MWCNT)与1,2-聚丁二烯橡胶(1,2-PB)共混,制备1,2-PB/碳纳米管复合材料。研究了MWCNT用量对1,2-PB的硫化行为、拉伸性能和导电性能的影响及硫化胶的动态力学性能。结果表明,将MWCNT与液体聚丁二烯(PB)研磨,可使聚合物包覆在MWCNT表面,提高MWCNT在1,2-PB橡胶中的分散性,增强MWCNT与1,2-PB的界面粘合力。1,2-PB与MWCNT共混所制得的硫化胶物理性能优于1,2-PB/P-MWCNT。MWCNT能显著提高硫化胶的导电性能。     

聚苯乙烯/多壁碳纳米管复合材料的阻燃性能

综述了近年来聚苯乙烯/多壁碳纳米管复合材料的阻燃研究进展,详细介绍了其热解性能（包括热解温度和玻璃化转变温度）以及燃烧性能（包括热释放速率、质量损失速率和成炭性）,并对相关机理进行了深入的探讨,分析了多壁碳纳米管含量、长径比、杂质及表面改性处理对相应复合材料的热稳定性及阻燃性能的影响。     

多壁碳纳米管氟化改性新方法研究

以聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）高温热解产生的含氟气体作为氟化剂与多壁碳纳米管（MWCNTs）反应制备了氟化多壁碳纳米管（F-MWCNTs）,并运用红外光谱（FTIR）、扫描电镜（SEM）、X-射线衍射（XRD）、接触角测试等手段对其进行了检测。结果显示,多壁碳纳米管表面有C-F键生成,样品结构未遭破坏且疏水性得到改善,取得了较好效果。与以氟气作氟化剂的传统方法相比,该方法操作更简单安全、成本更低,有望应用于工业化生产。     

聚异戊二烯/单壁碳纳米管复合材料的合成和性能研究

采用稀土催化剂利用原位聚合的方法,把聚异戊二烯接枝到单壁碳纳米管表面,制备了聚异戊二烯（PIp）/单壁碳纳米管（SWNT）复合材料。扫描电镜（SEM）被用来表征聚异戊二烯-接枝-SWNTs样品,显示相当均匀的聚合物出现在单个的或几束碳纳米管上。碳纳米管同聚异戊二烯的良好相容性提高了复合材料的玻璃化温度。大比表面积的碳纳米管和聚异戊二烯基质材料的较强的相互作用是聚异戊二烯纳米/碳纳米管复合材料具有独特性质原因。     

高导电聚苯胺/多壁碳纳米管复合材料的制备与电性能研究

采用混酸处理法对多壁碳纳米管（MWCNTs）进行表面处理, 通过原位聚合法,以过硫酸铵为氧化剂,制备高导电聚苯胺(PANI)/MWCNTs复合材料。采用透射电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪 、紫外可见分光光度计以及X射线衍射仪对MWCNTs和复合材料进行表面观察、结构测定与性能表征;使用两探针法测量复合材料的电性能,并通过平均电场理论和逾渗阈理论进行理论分析。结果表明,MWCNTs的直径约为60~100 nm,长度约为几十微米,酸化后MWCNTs表面引入大量—OH和—COOH;随着MWCNTs含量增加,导电PAM/MWCNTs复合材料的电导率增加,渗滤阈值的理论值为2.36 %。     

基于碳纳米管修饰电极的酶生物传感器研究进展

文章综述了基于碳纳米管修饰电极的酶生物传感器研究进展,介绍了碳纳米管修饰电极的发展及基于其的酶生物传感器;重点介绍了此类传感器在环境农药分析与生命科学分析中的应用。     

Trends in Conducting Polymer and Hybrids of Conducting Polymer/Carbon Nanotube: A Review

Several conducting polymers, including polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, polyvinylpyrrolidone, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), poly(m-phenylenediamine), polynaphthylamine, poly(p-phenylene sulfide), and their carbon nanotube reinforced nanocomposites are discussed in this review. The physical, electrical, structural and thermal properties of polymers along with synthesis methods are discussed. A concise note on carbon nanotubes regarding their purification, functionalization, properties and production are reported. Moreover, the article focuses upon synthesis methods, properties and applications of conducting polymer/carbon nanotube nanocomposites are focused. Nanotube dispersion, loading concentration and alignment within conducting polymer/carbon nanotube nanocomposite affect their performance and morphology. The conducting polymer/carbon nanotube nanocomposites are substantially used in sensors, energy storage devices, supercapacitors, solar cells, EMI materials, diodes, and coatings.     

Capacitor Applications of Nanocomposite Films for Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene-co-pyrrole)/Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes and Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene-co-pyrrole)/Copper Oxide

Polypyrrole/multi-walled carbon nanotube, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/multi-walled carbon nanotube and their nanocomposites P(EDOT-co-Py)/multi-walled carbon nanotube and P(EDOT-co-Py)/copper (II) oxide, (CuO) in the initial feed ratio of [EDOT]₀/[Py]₀ = 1/5 were electrosynthesized on glassy carbon electrode by cyclic voltammetric method. Their characterizations were performed by cyclic voltammetric, Fourier transform infrared-attenuated total reflectance, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersion X-ray analysis, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. To the best of authors’ knowledge, the first report on polypyrrole/multi-walled carbon nanotube, PEDOT/multi-walled carbon nanotube, P(EDOT-co-Py)/multi-walled carbon nanotube and P(EDOT-co-Py)/CuO nanocomposite films were comparatively examined in 0.1 M NaClO₄/CH₃CN and in 0.1 M sodium dodecyl sulfate solutions. The highest specific capacitance for PEDOT/multi-walled carbon nanotube and polypyrrole/multi-walled carbon nanotube composite films were obtained as C_sp = 306 mF × cm^?2 for 3% multi-walled carbon nanotube and C_sp = 804 mF × cm^?2 for 1% multi-walled carbon nanotube, respectively. The highest specific capacitances were obtained as C_sp = 27.40 mF × cm^?2 and C_sp = 26.90 mF × cm^?2 for P(EDOT-co-Py)/multi-walled carbon nanotube includes the wt percent of 1% multi-walled carbon nanotube and P(EDOT-co-Py)/CuO includes the wt percent of 3% CuO, respectively. The C_sp of P(EDOT-co-Py)/CNT composite films were calculated as 9.43 and 11.49 mF × cm^?2 for 3 and 5% multi-walled carbon nanotube, respectively. In addition, The EIS results were simulated with the equivalent circuit model of R_s(C_dl1(R₁(QR₂)))(C_dl2R₃).     

碳纳米管/SSBR复合材料的制备与性能研究

采用环保型抑菌、杀菌剂BCT-2与NH3复配作为鲜胶乳的新型复合保存剂,研究其对鲜胶乳保存效果、生胶六项指标,混炼胶硫化特性以及硫化胶物理机械性能的影响。结果表明,复合保存剂BCT-2/NH3对鲜胶乳的保存效果优于NH3和NH3+TT/ZnO,保存144h后挥发脂肪酸值在0.05左右,粘度在10mPa·s左右,pH值高于9.0;生胶的P0、PRI及MV均小于氨保存;随着BCT-2的加入,混炼胶样品的ML、MH、t10、t90与氨保存胶料相比均有一定程度的降低;而复合保存剂BCT-2/NH3对硫化胶物理机械性能的影响不大。     

Cytosine-Rich DNA Fragments Covalently Bound to Carbon Nanotube as Factors Triggering Doxorubicin Release at Acidic pH. A Molecular Dynamics Study

This works deals with analysis of properties of a carbon nanotube, the tips of which were functionalized by short cytosine-rich fragments of ssDNA. That object is aimed to work as a platform for storage and controlled release of doxorubicin in response to pH changes. We found that at neutral pH, doxorubicin molecules can be intercalated between the ssDNA fragments, and formation of such knots can effectively block other doxorubicin molecules, encapsulated in the nanotube interior, against release to the bulk. Because at the neutral pH, the ssDNA fragments are in form of random coils, the intercalation of doxorubicin is strong. At acidic pH, the ssDNA fragments undergo folding into i-motifs, and this leads to significant reduction of the interaction strength between doxorubicin and other components of the system. Thus, the drug molecules can be released to the bulk at acidic pH. The above conclusions concerning the storage/release mechanism of doxorubicin were drawn from the observation of molecular dynamics trajectories of the systems as well as from analysis of various components of pair interaction energies.     

The Electrical Properties and Conducting Mechanisms of Carbon Nanotube/Polymer Nanocomposites: A Review

This paper reviews the mechanism of the conducting process of carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-reinforced polymer nanocomposites. Comparison of the two different mechanisms, the formation of the conducting network and the hopping of the electrons, are discussed. The paper also describes the critical factors that determine percolation thresholds or the conductivity of the nanocomposites. By summarizing the predecessors' research, some measures are put forward to improve the structure of the nanocomposites to get the samples that have the most extraordinary electrical conductivity with the lowest CNTs concentrations.     

Significance of Carbon Nanotube in Flame-Retardant Polymer/CNT Composite: A Review

In this review, flame-retardant characteristics of polymer/carbon nanotube composite have been focused. Nonflammability behavior of carbon nanotube filler with different types of polymer matrices has been discussed. In addition, thermal, mechanical, and electrical properties of these materials have also been argued. Main types of polymers considered are epoxy, polystyrene, polyaniline, polypropylene, and polyurethane. Considerable enhancement in nonflammability properties of polymers with carbon nanotube was studied using limiting oxygen index measurement, UL 94 tests, and cone calorimetry. Toward the end, significance of flame-retardant composites in aerospace, electronics, radar absorbing materials, electromagnetic shielding, and wind turbine blades has been conversed.     

Effectiveness of Polystyrene/Carbon Nanotube Composite in Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Materials: A Review

Polystyrene is an efficient thermoplastic having fine processability, chemical inertness, and mechanical performance. Technological advances have led to several industrial appliances of polystyrene-based materials ranging from insulation to electromagnetic interference shielding. In this state-of-the-art review, primarily structure and properties of carbon nanotube and polymer/carbon nanotube composite have been discussed. Carbon nanotube is considered as a brilliant filler for polymers. Therefore, a comprehensive discussion regarding high-performance polystyrene/carbon nanotube composite is presented. Main focus of review is the significance of electromagnetic interference shielding phenomenon in polystyrene/carbon nanotube composite. Owing to advantageous properties, these composite have potential to replace traditional shielding materials.     

A Novel Approach for Preparation of Nano-gold Particles/Carbon Nanotube Composites from Gold Film,Poly(ferrocenylsilane) and Acetylene

A novel approach for preparing nano-gold particles/carbon nanotube composites from gold film, poly(ferrocenylsilane) and acetylene has been developed. The morphologies of resultant nano-gold particles/carbon nanotube composites were examined. This paper is submitted to Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials to honor Professor Dr. Ian Manners.     

A Review on Polymeric Nanocomposites of Nanodiamond,Carbon Nanotube,and Nanobifiller: Structure,Preparation and Properties

In this review, an overview of various types of nanofillers is presented with special emphasis on structure, synthesis and properties of carbon nanotube, nanodiamond, and nanobifiller of carbon nanotube/nanodiamond, carbon nanotube/graphene oxide and carbon nanotube/graphene. In addition, polymer/carbon nanotube, polymer/nanodiamond, and polymer/nanobifiller composites have been discussed. The efficacy of different fabrication techniques for nanocomposites (solution casting, in-situ, and melt blending method) and their properties were also discussed in detail. Finally, we have summarized the challenges and future prospects of polymer nanocomposites reinforced with carbon nanofillers hoping to facilitate progress in the emerging area of nanobifiller technology.     

改性碳纳米管原位增强C36二聚脂肪酸柔性不饱和聚酯树脂的制备与性能

采用原位聚合制备MWCNTs-OH改性C₃₆二聚脂肪酸基柔性不饱和聚酯树脂,研究了掺入不同质量分数的MWCNTs-OH对DFA/UPR复合材料的力学性能、断面微观形貌、热稳定性以及耐溶剂性能的影响。经FTIR和SEM分析得出,MWCNTs-OH作为可反应型填料参与原位缩合反应,聚酯树脂的断裂方式为韧性断裂。不饱和聚酯树脂材料的综合性能在碳纳米管质量分数为0.6%时达到最佳,拉伸强度、弹性模量、断裂伸长率和弯曲强度分别提高了78.94%、111.02%、16.38%和70.03%,材料的热稳定性和耐溶剂性能得到有效改善。     

A Review on Composite Papers of Graphene Oxide,Carbon Nanotube,Polymer/GO,and Polymer/CNT: Processing Strategies,Properties, and Relevance

In this review, particular importance is given to the fabrication and properties of carbon nanotube and graphene oxide-based paper-like materials (buckypapers). Different strategies for the reduction and functionalization of graphene oxide were also discussed. The chemistry of buckypapers is conversed with special emphasis on structure and essential characteristics of buckypaper. Various techniques for buckypaper processing have been critically reviewed including significance of each method. Moreover, importance of polymer/graphene oxide and polymer/carbon nanotube composite papers has been highlighted. Due to outstanding physical, thermal, and electrical properties, polymer-based buckypapers are potentially important as nanofilters, fuel cell components, and miniaturization of electrical connections.     

Immobilization of the Laccases from Trametes versicolor and Streptomyces coelicolor on Single‐wall Carbon Nanotube Electrodes: A Molecular Dynamics Study

In this work, we investigate the immobilization of laccases from Trametes versicolor (TvL) and the small laccase (SLAC) from Streptomyces coelicolor on single‐wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) surfaces. SLAC may potentially offer improved adsorption on the electrode, thus improving bioelectrocatalytic activity via direct electron transfer (DET). Laccase immobilization on SWCNTs is achieved non‐covalently with a molecular tether (1‐pyrene butanoic acid, succinimidyl ester) that forms an amide bond with an amine group on the laccase surface while the pyrene coordinates to the SWCNT by π–π stacking. In our approach, density functional theory calculations were first used to model the interaction energies between SWCNTs and pyrene to validate an empirical force field, thereafter applied in molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. In the simulated models, the SWCNT was placed near the region of the (type 1) Cu(T1) atom in the laccases, and in proximity to other regions where adsorption seems likely. Calculated interaction energies between the SWCNTs and laccases and distances between the SWCNT surface and the Cu(T1) atom have shown that SWCNTs adsorb more strongly to SLAC than to TvL, and that the separation between the SWCNTs and Cu(T1) atoms is smaller for SLAC than for TvL, having implications for improved DET.     

Association of CDKN2BAS Polymorphism rs4977574 with Coronary Heart Disease: A Case-Control Study and a Meta-Analysis

The goal of our study was to explore the significant association between a non-protein coding single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs4977574 of CDKN2BAS gene and coronary heart disease (CHD). A total of 590 CHD cases and 482 non-CHD controls were involved in the present association study. A strong association of rs4977574 with CHD was observed in females (genotype: p = 0.002; allele: p = 0.002, odd ratio (OR) = 1.57, 95% confidential interval (CI) = 1.18–2.08). Moreover, rs4977574 was more likely to be a risk variant of CHD under the recessive model in females (χ² = 10.29, p = 0.003, OR = 2.14, 95% CI = 1.31–2.77). A breakdown analysis by age had shown that there was an 87% increased risk of CHD for females younger than 65 years (genotype: χ² = 14.64, degrees of freedom (df) = 2, p = 0.0002; allele: χ² = 11.31, df = 1, p = 0.0008, OR = 1.87, 95% CI = 1.30–2.70). Similar observation was also found in males younger than 65 years (genotype: χ² = 8.63, df = 2, p = 0.04; allele: χ² = 7.55, df = 1, p = 0.006, OR = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.11–1.90). p values were adjusted by age, sex, smoking, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Meta-analysis of 23 studies among 36,452 cases and 39,781 controls showed a strong association between rs4977574 and the risk of CHD (p < 0.0001, OR = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.22–1.31).     

Immunomodulation of IL-33 and IL-37 with Vitamin D in the Neointima of Coronary Artery: A Comparative Study between Balloon Angioplasty and Stent in Hyperlipidemic Microswine

Inflammation is a major contributor to the development and progression of atherosclerosis. Interleukin (IL)-33 and IL-37, members of the IL-1 family, modulate inflammation, with IL-33 having a pro-inflammatory effect and IL-37 having anti-inflammatory properties. IL-37 is constitutively expressed at low levels but upregulated in inflammatory contexts. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of vitamin D on the expression of IL-33, IL-37, macrophages, and caspase-1 in the neointimal tissue of coronary artery in Yucatan microswine with vitamin D deficient, sufficient, and supplemented status. The intimal injury was induced by balloon angioplasty and stenting in the coronary artery, and tissues were harvested after 6 months. The expression of various proteins of interest was evaluated by immunostaining. Increased expression of IL-33 and IL-37 in the neointimal tissue of the vitamin D deficient, as compared to the sufficient and supplemented microswine, as revealed by histological evaluation and semi-quantitative analysis, suggested the immunomodulatory effect of vitamin D on the expression of IL-33 and IL-37. The minimal expression or absence of IL-33 and IL-37 expression in stented arteries is suggestive of an attenuated inflammatory response in stented arteries, compared to balloon angioplasty. The decreased IL-33 expression in the sufficient and supplemented microswine could be a potential mechanism for controlling the inflammatory process and neointima formation leading to attenuated luminal narrowing of the coronary artery. Overall, these results support supplementation of vitamin D to attenuate inflammation, neointima formation, and restenosis.