基于互信息属性排序的不完整数据聚类算法

数据缺失对聚类算法提出了挑战,传统方法往往采用均值或回归方法将不完整数据进行填充,再对填充后的数据进行聚类.为解决均值填充和回归填充等方法在数据缺失比率增大时填充精度以及聚类效果变差的问题,提出一种新的不完整数据相似度计算方法.以期望互信息为依据对数据集中的属性排序,充分考虑了数据集中与位置相关的属性值特征,以数据集本身元素作为缺失值填充的来源,对排序后的不完整数据集进行相似度填充计算,最后采用基于局部密度的聚类算法进行聚类.利用UCI机器学习库中的数据集验证本文填充聚类算法,实验结果表明,当数据集中缺失值增多时,算法对缺失值的容忍性较好,对缺失元素的恢复能力较强,填充精度以及最终聚类结果方面均表现良好.本文填充计算相似度的方法考虑数据集的每个属性值来对缺失值逐个填充,因而耗时较多.     

基于核诱导的不完整多视角聚类

随着技术的发展,数据往往具有来自不同源的多种形式,多视角聚类算法旨在利用不同源中的互补信息进行聚类.虽然目前多视角聚类算法已在各个领域取得较大发展和成功应用,但是多视角聚类算法仍然面临许多重要挑战,其中一个就是当多个视角的样本存在缺失时,如何充分挖掘数据信息以减少缺失样本带来的负面影响.针对此挑战,提出一种基于核诱导的...     

基于聚类和自动编码机的缺失数据填充算法

当前的不完整数据处理算法填充缺失值时,精度低下。针对这个问题,提出一种基于CFS聚类和改进的自动编码模型的不完整数据填充算法。利用CFS聚类算法对不完整数据集进行聚类,对降噪自动编码模型进行改进,根据聚类结果,利用改进的自动编码模型对缺失数据进行填充。为了使得CFS聚类算法能够对不完整数据集进行聚类,提出一种部分距离策略,用于度量不完整数据对象之间的距离。实验结果表明提出的算法能够有效填充缺失数据。     

数据缺失下的IFRSIFCM协同过滤推荐算法

为了进一步提高协同过滤算法的精确性,更好地满足用户需求、进行商品推荐,针对传统推荐算法存在的缺失数据和模糊性问题,构建了直觉模糊粗糙集和基于目标函数的直觉模糊C均值聚类相结合的协同过滤推荐算法(IFRSIFCM-CF)。算法首先运用直觉模糊粗糙集对缺失数据进行处理,并计算直觉模糊数;其次用密度函数初始化聚类中心,并通过直觉模糊C均值聚类找到目标用户所在聚类类别;最后用特征系数代替传统相似系数来确定邻居集,用优先关系定序法代替传统的推荐算法形成推荐列表。在MovieLens与Jester数据集上对算法进行有效性检验,实验结果表明所提算法能够有效解决数据缺失问题并提高推荐精度。     

面向不完全攻击数据集的两阶段聚类算法

实时攻击数据集含有缺失属性和大量非攻击样本,呈现属性分布不完全和类分布偏斜的特点,不利于聚类分析。针对此问题,提出了一种面向不完全攻击数据集的两阶段聚类算法。算法首先利用标准2-类支持向量机分离数据集中的非攻击样本,使类分布均衡。提出一种不完全样本间的距离度量方法,将该方法应用于最近邻间隔模糊C均值算法实现聚类。实验结果表明,与现有算法相比,提出的算法有效地提高了聚类准确率。     

基于凸差规划的不完整数据填充聚类

为了提升聚类性能,文中提出基于凸差规划(DCP)的不完整数据填充聚类算法.采用DCP对核模糊C均值目标进行凸差化改造,实现DCP聚类和数据缺失项填充的交替优化过程,从理论上证明交替优化的收敛性.在UCI数据集上的实验验证文中算法在缺失数据填充和聚类上的优势.     

自适应图融合的缺失多视图聚类算法

多视图聚类能充分利用不同视图间数据的一致性和差异性,引起越来越多的关注。传统多视图聚类方法假设每个视图的数据都是完整的,然而在实际应用中,收集到的多视图数据常存在部分视图缺失的样本。为了对缺失多视图数据进行聚类分析,提出自适应图融合的缺失多视图聚类算法（IMC＿AGF）。算法以两两视图间共有样本为瞄点构建样本-样本的相似度矩阵,学习其一致性知识,再利用两两视图间的互补性,用自适应图融合算法整合所有的相似度图,获取缺失多视图数据完整的相似度矩阵,然后进行谱聚类得到分类结果。实验结果表明,提出的算法优于与之比较的经典缺失多视图聚类方法。     

不完整大数据的分布式聚类填充算法

传统大数据填充算法是根据整个数据集对缺失数据进行填充,使得填充值容易受到不同类别数据的干扰,导致填充结果不精确。针对该问题,给出不完整数据的相似度度量方法,使用近邻传播( AP )算法对不完整数据进行聚类。采用云计算技术优化AP聚类算法,实现一种基于MapReduce的分布式聚类算法,根据算法聚类结果将同一类数据对象划分到相同簇中,并利用同一类对象的属性值对缺失值进行填充。实验结果表明,该算法能实现不完整大数据的聚类,同时加快聚类速度,提高缺失数据的填充精度。     

基于AP聚类的不完整大数据填充

不完整数据的分析与填充一直是大数据处理的热点研究课题,传统的分析方法无法对不完整数据直接聚类,大部分方法先填充缺失值,然后对数据聚类。这些方法一般利用整个数据集对缺失数据进行填充,使得填充值容易受到噪声的干扰,导致填充结果不精确,进而造成聚类精度很低。提出一种不完整数据聚类算法,对不完全信息系统的相似度公式进行重新定义,给出不完整数据对象间的相似度度量方式,进而直接对不完整数据聚类。根据聚类结果将同一类对象划分到相同的簇中,通过同一类对象的属性值对缺失值进行填充,避免噪声对填充值的干扰,提高填充结果的精确性。实验结果表明,提出的方法能够对不完整数据进行聚类,并有效提高缺失数据的填充精度。     

基于潜在因子模型在子空间上的缺失值注意力聚类算法

针对传统聚类算法在对缺失样本进行数据填充过程中存在样本相似度难度量且填充数据质量差的问题，提出一种基于潜在因子模型（LFM）在子空间上的缺失值注意力聚类算法。首先，通过LFM将原始数据空间映射到低维子空间，降低样本的稀疏程度；其次，通过分解原空间得到的特征矩阵构建不同特征间的注意力权重图，优化子空间样本间的相似度计算方式，使样本相似度的计算更准确、泛化性更好；最后，为了降低样本相似度计算过程中过高的时间复杂度，设计一种多指针的注意力权重图进行优化。在4个按比例随机缺失的数据集上进行实验。在Hand-digits数据集上，相较于面向高维特征缺失数据的K近邻插补子空间聚类（KISC）算法，在数据缺失比例为10%的情况下，所提算法的聚类准确度（ACC）提高了2.33个百分点，归一化互信息（NMI）提高了2.77个百分点，在数据缺失比例为20%的情况下，所提算法的ACC提高了0.39个百分点，NMI提高了1.33个百分点，验证了所提算法的有效性。     

Clustering with missing features: a penalized dissimilarity measure based approach

Many real-world clustering problems are plagued by incomplete data characterized by missing or absent features for some or all of the data instances. Traditional clustering methods cannot be directly applied to such data without preprocessing by imputation or marginalization techniques. In this article, we overcome this drawback by utilizing a penalized dissimilarity measure which we refer to as the feature weighted penalty based dissimilarity (FWPD). Using the FWPD measure, we modify the traditional k-means clustering algorithm and the standard hierarchical agglomerative clustering algorithms so as to make them directly applicable to datasets with missing features. We present time complexity analyses for these new techniques and also undertake a detailed theoretical analysis showing that the new FWPD based k-means algorithm converges to a local optimum within a finite number of iterations. We also present a detailed method for simulating random as well as feature dependent missingness. We report extensive experiments on various benchmark datasets for different types of missingness showing that the proposed clustering techniques have generally better results compared to some of the most well-known imputation methods which are commonly used to handle such incomplete data. We append a possible extension of the proposed dissimilarity measure to the case of absent features (where the unobserved features are known to be undefined).     

基于正交约束的分块不完整多视角聚类

在处理数据特征提取问题时,已有的基于非负矩阵分解的不完整多视角聚类算法对局部特征的提取不够准确.针对此问题,文中提出基于正交约束的分块不完整多视角聚类(CIMVCO).利用非负矩阵分解获得所有视角的潜在特征矩阵,通过加入正交约束得到更好的局部特征.对于各个视角的缺失样本,CIMVCO给予较小的权重以减小缺失数据的影响.为了解决大规模数据的聚类问题,CIMVCO逐块处理数据以减少内存需求和处理时间.在Reuters和Digit数据集上的实验验证CIMVCO的有效性.     

基于随机取样的选择性K-means聚类融合算法

由于缺少数据分布、参数和数据类别标记的先验信息,部分基聚类的正确性无法保证,进而影响聚类融合的性能;而且不同基聚类决策对于聚类融合的贡献程度不同,同等对待基聚类决策,将影响聚类融合结果的提升。为解决此问题,提出了基于随机取样的选择性K-means聚类融合算法（RS-KMCE）。该算法中的随机取样策略可以避免基聚类决策选取陷入局部极小,而且依据多样性和正确性定义的综合评价值,有利于算法快速收敛到较优的基聚类子集,提升融合性能。通过2个仿真数据库和4个UCI数据库的实验结果显示：RS-KMCE的聚类性能优于K-means算法、K-means融合算法（KMCE）以及基于Bagging的选择性K-means聚类融合（BA-KMCE）。     

A data clustering algorithm for stratified data partitioning in artificial neural network

The statistical properties of training, validation and test data play an important role in assuring optimal performance in artificial neural networks (ANNs). Researchers have proposed optimized data partitioning (ODP) and stratified data partitioning (SDP) methods to partition of input data into training, validation and test datasets. ODP methods based on genetic algorithm (GA) are computationally expensive as the random search space can be in the power of twenty or more for an average sized dataset. For SDP methods, clustering algorithms such as self organizing map (SOM) and fuzzy clustering (FC) are used to form strata. It is assumed that data points in any individual stratum are in close statistical agreement. Reported clustering algorithms are designed to form natural clusters. In the case of large multivariate datasets, some of these natural clusters can be big enough such that the furthest data vectors are statistically far away from the mean. Further, these algorithms are computationally expensive as well. We propose a custom design clustering algorithm (CDCA) to overcome these shortcomings. Comparisons are made using three benchmark case studies, one each from classification, function approximation and prediction domains. The proposed CDCA data partitioning method is evaluated in comparison with SOM, FC and GA based data partitioning methods. It is found that the CDCA data partitioning method not only perform well but also reduces the average CPU time.     

Selection-fusion approach for classification of datasets with missing values

This paper proposes a new approach based on missing value pattern discovery for classifying incomplete data. This approach is particularly designed for classification of datasets with a small number of samples and a high percentage of missing values where available missing value treatment approaches do not usually work well. Based on the pattern of the missing values, the proposed approach finds subsets of samples for which most of the features are available and trains a classifier for each subset. Then, it combines the outputs of the classifiers. Subset selection is translated into a clustering problem, allowing derivation of a mathematical framework for it. A trade off is established between the computational complexity (number of subsets) and the accuracy of the overall classifier. To deal with this trade off, a numerical criterion is proposed for the prediction of the overall performance. The proposed method is applied to seven datasets from the popular University of California, Irvine data mining archive and an epilepsy dataset from Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan (total of eight datasets). Experimental results show that classification accuracy of the proposed method is superior to those of the widely used multiple imputations method and four other methods. They also show that the level of superiority depends on the pattern and percentage of missing values.     

基于改进粒子群优化的无标记数据鲁棒聚类算法

已有的聚类算法大多仅考虑单一的目标,导致对某些形状的数据集性能较弱,对此提出一种基于改进粒子群优化的无标记数据鲁棒聚类算法。优化阶段:首先,采用多目标粒子群优化的经典形式生成聚类解集合;然后,使用K-means算法生成随机分布的初始化种群,并为其分配随机初始化的速度;最终,采用MaxiMin策略确定帕累托最优解。决策阶段：测量帕累托解集与理想解的距离,将距离最短的帕累托解作为最终聚类解。对比实验结果表明,本算法对不同形状的数据集均可获得较优的类簇数量,对目标问题的复杂度具有较好的鲁棒性。     

基于聚类的环形kNN算法

传统k最近邻算法kNN在数据分类中具有广泛的应用,但该算法具有较多的冗余计算,致使处理高维数据时花费较多的计算时间。同时,基于地标点谱聚类的分类算法(LC-kNN和RC-kNN)中距离当前测试点的最近邻点存在部分缺失,导致其准确率降低。针对上述问题,提出一种基于聚类的环形k最近邻算法。提出的算法在聚类算法的基础上,首先将训练集中相似度较高的数据点聚成一个簇,然后以当前测试点为中心设置一个环形过滤器,最后通过kNN算法对过滤器中的点进行分类,其中聚类算法可以根据实际情况自由选择。算法性能已在UCI数据库中6组公开数据集上进行了实验测试,实验结果表明:AkNN_E与AkNN_H算法比kNN算法在计算量上平均减少51%,而在准确率上比LC-kNN和RC-kNN算法平均提高3%。此外,当数据在10 000维的情况下该算法仍然有效。     

烟花算法优化的软子空间MR图像聚类算法

现有的软子空间聚类算法在分割MR图像时易受随机噪声的影响,而且算法因依赖于初始聚类中心的选择而容易陷入局部最优,导致分割效果不理想.针对这一问题,提出一种基于烟花算法的软子空间MR图像聚类算法.算法首先设计一个结合界约束与噪声聚类的目标函数,弥补现有算法对噪声数据敏感的缺陷,并提出一种隶属度计算方法,快速、准确地寻找簇类所在子空间;然后,在聚类过程中引入自适应烟花算法,有效地平衡局部与全局搜索,弥补现有算法容易陷入局部最优的不足.EWKM,FWKM,FSC,LAC算法在UCI数据集、人工合成图像、Berkeley图像数据集以及临床乳腺MR图像、脑部MR图像上的聚类结果表明,所提出的算法不仅在UCI数据集上能够取得较好的结果,而且对图像聚类也具有较好的抗噪性能,尤其是对MR图像的聚类具有较高的精度和鲁棒性,能够较为有效地实现MR图像的分割.     

Characteristic-Based Clustering for Time Series Data

With the growing importance of time series clustering research, particularly for similarity searches amongst long time series such as those arising in medicine or finance, it is critical for us to find a way to resolve the outstanding problems that make most clustering methods impractical under certain circumstances. When the time series is very long, some clustering algorithms may fail because the very notation of similarity is dubious in high dimension space; many methods cannot handle missing data when the clustering is based on a distance metric.This paper proposes a method for clustering of time series based on their structural characteristics. Unlike other alternatives, this method does not cluster point values using a distance metric, rather it clusters based on global features extracted from the time series. The feature measures are obtained from each individual series and can be fed into arbitrary clustering algorithms, including an unsupervised neural network algorithm, self-organizing map, or hierarchal clustering algorithm.Global measures describing the time series are obtained by applying statistical operations that best capture the underlying characteristics: trend, seasonality, periodicity, serial correlation, skewness, kurtosis, chaos, nonlinearity, and self-similarity. Since the method clusters using extracted global measures, it reduces the dimensionality of the time series and is much less sensitive to missing or noisy data. We further provide a search mechanism to find the best selection from the feature set that should be used as the clustering inputs.The proposed technique has been tested using benchmark time series datasets previously reported for time series clustering and a set of time series datasets with known characteristics. The empirical results show that our approach is able to yield meaningful clusters. The resulting clusters are similar to those produced by other methods, but with some promising and interesting variations that can be intuitively explained with knowledge of the global characteristics of the time series.