云天化富瑞公司二期60万t／a磷铵装置投料试车成功

富瑞分公司二期“836”项目60万t／a磷酸二铵装置在历经15个月的艰苦奋斗，按计划完成了基本建设、生产准备任务。并按照“单机试车要早，联动试车要全，化工投料要稳”的要求，完成了单机试车、联动试车、“三查四定”、存在问题的整改等工作；完成了人员配置、培训和技术、物资等准备工作，具备了化工投料试车的条件。近日试车，一次打通工艺流程，实现了一次化工投料试车成功，迈出了二期“836”装置试车的坚实一步。     

对化工装置中交前开展设计“三查四定”的探析

设计"三查四定"是化工建设项目在工程"三查四定"中的一项重要内容,单独增加设计"三查四定"可以发现设计过程中存在的一些重大设计问题以及设计与标准规范不符的地方,这些会影响化工投料试车和安全生产。对此要予以高度重视,对工程质量把好最后一道关,以确保装置化工投料试车一次成功。     

对煤制天然气装置试车前开展工程“三查四定”的探析

介绍了某固定床干法排灰纯氧碎煤加压气化项目试车前三查四定(三查:查设计漏项、查未完工程、查工程质量隐患;四定:对查出的问题定任务、定人员、定时间、定措施)过程,据此,从理性高度探析了所有化工工程建设项目三查四定工作的意义和正确的做法。     

中国石油四川80万吨/年乙烯工程裂解装置原始开车

以亲身经历的四川大乙烯裂解装置原始开工为例,介绍了乙烯裂解装置从三查四定到投料试车的整个开工阶段。还特别的注明了在裂解装置原始开工过程中应该的注意的事项。     

谈新建工厂的试生产工作

西部开发进入实质阶段后 ,各地必将建设大批的新工厂。做好试生产阶段的工作 ,是新建工厂能否顺利地转入生产阶段的关键。十几年来 ,笔者参加了数次新建工厂的试生产工作 ,特别是 1 999～ 2 0 0 0年的两年时间 ,多次组织开车队参加新建工作的试生产技术服务工作 ,取得了一些经验和体会 ,现将其总结出来供同行参考。1　中间交接前的三查四定工作中间交接是指 :单项工程或部分装置按设计文件规定的范围全部完成 ,并经管道系统和设备的内部处理 ,电气和仪表调试及单机试车合格后 ,施工单位和建设单位所做的交接工作。这种交接实质上是施工单位…     

黑化尿素装置承包工程(三)开车完工报告

由中国五环化学工程公司承包的黑龙江化工厂尿素装置已圆满实施合同,该装置在开车完工阶段在国内首次采用“低压法”开车并取得成功,文章详细介绍了单机试车、联动试车和化工投料试车,并进行了工程评价。     

大型冷凝式汽轮机单机试车简介

1前言 随着科学技术的不断发展,石化装置逐渐趋向大型化发展,大型离心压缩机组也被愈来愈多的用在石化行业的各种不同装置中,尤其是采用蒸汽汽轮机驱动的机组,如何保证机组的单机试车是装置能否按时交工的关键所在.本文结合机组的单机试车经验,从机组的试车准备、系统调试及机组单机试车,介绍了冷凝式汽轮机单机试车的程序及试车注意事项.     

不妨从提高应急能力入手

临近元旦、新春双节，各级安监部门都已专门做出安排，提前部署两节期间的安全生产工作。各企业根据所处行业结合冬季生产的特点，制定相应的安全生产管理措施，进行诸如“冬季四防”、“三查四定”等安全隐患排查与治理工作，确保生产连续稳定运行。这种按部就班的安全管理模式对保证企业的安全生产起到了相当重要的促进作用，但企业的安全生产不能仅仅依靠上级部门的安排部署做被动性工作，     

神马2万t／a尼龙66切片连续聚合项目单机试车成功

神马集团尼龙工程塑料公司2万t，a尼龙66切片连续聚合项目，在2005年9月单机试车成功。该项目自2005年6月1日进入设备安装阶段，单机试车成功后，该公司将陆续对浓缩槽、反应器、聚合器等重要设备进行试车，为下一步的联动试车作好充分准备。     

试谈新型水泥熟料生产线的试生产组识

全面总结了新型干法熟料生产线试生产组织阶段节点计划的制定和要求,必备条件准备和系列注意事项;详细介绍了单机试车的相关准备工作和要求,试车前、试车中和试车后的检查内容和要求,以及各类设备的单机试车时间和要求;简要分析了达标验收前试产中发现的各类问题并提出了针对性的技术整改或操作优化处理方法。     

国际工程建筑市场及总承包发展趋势探讨

介绍了国际建筑业工程总承包市场格局及现代项目管理发展趋势。对于任何一个大国来说,不可单独凭借来自他国的工程总承包商来支持国家的经济建设与发展,全面了解和研究国际著名工程总承包商和总承包项目管理趋势则是非常必要的。国际工程总承包项目"以人为本"和"项目全生命周期"的发展理念,以及单一责任主体、固定总造价承包、设计主导、设计与采购施工试运行深度融合的模式,应是现代项目管理发展的趋势。     

Kunststoffe im Rohrleitungs- und Apparatebau

Plastics in pipeline and plant construction . Stability calculations in the construction of plant with thermoplastics and glass-fibre reinforced plastics are discussed, and the relevant stress characteristics, resistance factors, welding factors, and weakening and safety parameters are outlined. Possible ways of testing such equipment before commissioning of plant are described, and previous experience from practice is reported. The article concludes with a list of previously used standards and regulations.     

新型电动机械式打孔器在沙特钻修井中的应用

多年以来,在沙特阿拉伯的很多油井由于井下的设备受到严重腐蚀经常需要进行钻修井作业。在作业中为了井控安全的要求,往往需要在油管上打一个孔作为循环压井液的通道。为了完成在油管上打孔作业,钻修井作业有时会因用传统的机械打孔方法不成功、装运炸药和组织射孔工具花费时间,从而导致生产时效上不经济。本文介绍了一种由沙特阿美公司最新研发的通过钢丝输送的电动机械式打孔器,通过在几口钻修井的应用实例表明打孔成功率达到100%,而且解决了传统的打孔方法所产生的问题。     

ADHESION OF A FLAT PUNCH ADHERED TO A THIN PRE-STRESSED MEMBRANE

The mechanics of a circular membrane delaminating from a rigid punch is derived based on linear elasticity and an energy balance approach. Both the tensile prestress and the resulting concomitant stress upon external loading are considered. A "pull-off" phenomenon is predicted when the contact circle shrinks to a critical value between 0.1945 and 0.3679 of the film diameter, depending on the critical strain energy release rate and the prestress. These asymptotic limits match exactly with the prestress dominant model by Shanahan and prestress free model by Wan. Thin film delamination from a rectangular punch is also investigated. Unlike the circular punch, the rectangular contact is expected to reduce to a line contact with zero contact area at "pinch-off." The graphs and trends shown are useful in assessing thin film delamination assisted by a prestress.     

"Classical" Superplasticity of SiAlON Ceramics

"Classical" superplasticity of SiAlON ceramics with the nominal composition (Y _x Li _y )_{0.6/(3 x + y )}Si_8.9Al_3.1O_2.5N_13.5 is reported in this study. During deformation, these materials exhibit little microstructural evolution, with negligible growth of elongated β'-phase grains and minimal texture formation. Excellent formabilities are obtained in the temperature range of 1500°-1600°C in compression, where a strain rate of 10⁻² s⁻¹ has been achieved, and in punch stretching, where a strain rate of 1.2 × 10⁻³ s⁻¹ has been used successfully. Flow stresses are found to be dramatically affected by the viscosity of the grain-boundary phase and decrease as the amount of lithium addition increases. Fracture stress also is compositionally dependent and decreases as the lithium content increases. As the overall formability is determined by the competition between fracture and deformation, maximum formability coincides with a maximum ratio of fracture stress to forming stress at an intermediate lithium composition. Finally, all materials exhibit higher room-temperature bend strength after postforming annealing. Thus, transient superplastic deformation does not impair the ultimate mechanical properties of the materials.     

广西银亿400 kt/a硫磺制酸汽轮机驱动离心风机试车实践

介绍了广西银亿400kt/a硫磺制酸工程调速式汽轮机驱动离心风机试车情况。根据制订的试车方案,顺利实施了汽轮机单机试车、风机与汽轮机联机试车、风机带负荷吹扫设备和管道等试车步骤。对试车过程中遇到问题进行了分析及处理,建议增设风机进口阀门并调整焚硫炉进气管道阀门位置,以利于风机试车和正常生产。     

A material sparing method for quantitatively measuring tablet sticking

The aim of this study was to develop a material-sparing method to quantitatively measure sticking during tablet manufacturing and to allow direct comparison of blends in terms of sticking. A protocol has been developed for quantitation of API layering on punch faces using HPLC analysis. Tabletting runs were carried out such that different numbers of tablets were produced by each punch set. The punch faces were quantitatively extracted and the concentration of API in the extraction solutions was determined by HPLC analysis. The amount of API on the punch faces increases linearly with the number of tablets produced (cycles). This relationship has been demonstrated on both a single station press (Fette) and on a rotary press (Riva, Piccola) and for a number of different API blends. The method was used to study the impact of MCC grade, lubricant concentration and solid fraction on sticking behavior. With all other variables constant, blends with Vivapur 102 as filler showed more layering than blends with Avicel PH 102 as filler. Increased solid fraction and increased MgSt concentration led to decreased API layering. The elemental make-up of the material adhered to the punch face was characterized by SEM/EDS analysis and was compared to the elemental make-up of the blend. The material adhered to the punch surface was enriched in API and silicon dioxide (SiO₂) relative to the blend.     

CO2压缩机半负荷运行控制浅析

介绍内蒙古化肥厂试车过程中，在单台气化炉投料时，如何保证ＣＯ２压缩机稳定运行，分析防喘振控制系统存在的问题，提出解决办法。     

冲孔模具中快换凸模结构的设计

基于对冲孔模具中快换凸模结构的研究。介绍了冲孔模中一种快换凸模结构的设计。所设计的结构为允许采用的模具,对方便易损凸模的维修或更换具有一定的实用意义。