超负磁致伸缩晶体Sm—Fe,Sm—Dy—Fe和Sm—Dy—Fe—Al的研究

本文研究了轻稀土负磁致伸缩ＳｍＦｅｘ（１．４０≤ｘ≤１．９４），ＳｍｘＤｙ１－ｘＦｅｙ（０．８４≤ｘ≤０．９２，１．８０≤ｙ≤１．９０），Ｓｍ０．９０Ｄｙ０．１０（Ｆｅ０．９５Ａｌ０．０５）１．８０晶体的制备，热处理及磁学性能，发现ＳｍＦｅｘ合金的λ－ｘ曲线存在两个峰值，峰值的ｘ点热处理发生的变化有一定的规律性，还比较了热处理前后，Ｓｍ－Ｆｅ、Ｓｍ－Ｄｙ－Ｆｅ和Ｓｍ－Ｄｙ－Ｆｅ－Ａｌ的相组成对性能     

磁场下Sm0.88Dy0.12Fe2合金的晶格畸变研究

本文研究外加磁场情况下，Ｓｍ０．８８Ｄｙ０．１２Ｆｅ２合金的微观结构，确定了低磁场下，该合金中（Ｓｍ，Ｄｙ）Ｆｅ２相由立方晶转变为正方晶系，原子发生了位移，初步分析了微观晶格畸变与宏观磁致伸缩应变的关系。     

Tb0.27Dy0.73Fe1.9多晶与定向晶棒及其磁致伸缩特性

本文用自行设计的实验装置与工艺研制出Ｔｂ０．２７Ｄｙ０．７３Ｆｅ１．９磁致伸缩多晶棒和定向晶棒。用光学金相检验了定向晶棒的晶粒生长情况、晶粒大小与分布。测量了Ｔｂ０．２７Ｄｙ０．７３Ｆｅ１．９棒的居里温度、磁化曲线、磁致伸缩、机电耦合系数、弹性模量、共振频率及品质因素。比较了多晶棒与定向晶棒的磁性参数，讨论了晶粒定向对Ｔｂ０．２７Ｄｙ０．７３Ｆｅ１．９合金的磁致伸缩特性的影响．７３２．１１ｋＡ／ｍ磁场时，多晶棒和定向晶棒的磁致伸缩系数 分别是１２５０ｐｐｍ和１６１０ｐｐｍ．多晶棒和定向晶棒的有效机电耦合系数分别是０．８５和０．９２．定向结晶后，Ｔｂ０．２７Ｄｙ０．７３Ｆｅ１．９合金的磁致伸缩特性明显提高。     

超磁致伸缩材料Tb_（0．27）Fe_（2－x）的超声学研究

用超声脉冲回波重迭法测量了超磁致伸缩材料Ｔｂ＿（０．２７）Ｄｙ＿（０．７３）Ｆｅ＿（２－ｘ）系列样品在不同磁场下的超声波速度，给出了该系列样品的弹性常数随磁场的变化情况，并对实验结果作了初步的解释和探讨。     

Sm8Fe83Si2C5Cu0.5Nb1.5非晶合金的晶化动力学

用差热分析（ＤＴＡ）,结合Ｘ射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）研究了Ｓｍ８Ｆｅ８３Ｓｉ２Ｃ５Ｃｕ０．５Ｎｂ１．５非晶合金的晶化动力学。结果表明：温度在０￣１０００℃范围内,该合金的晶化相为α－Ｆｅ和Ｓｍ２（ＦｅＳｉ）１７Ｃｘ,α－Ｆｅ相的晶化表观激活能力３４９．５３ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ,Ｓｍ２（ＦｅＳｉ）１７Ｃｘ的晶化表观激活能力３１６．１９ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ,两相在晶化初期激活能量小,随晶化量（ｘｃ）的增加激活能增大,当α－     

Fe_（76．5－x）Cu_（1．0）Nb_xSi_（13．5）B_（9．0）

研究了Ｎｂ含量ｘ对Ｆｅ＿（７６．５－ｘ）Ｃｕ＿（１．０）Ｎｂ＿ｘＳｉ＿（１３．５）Ｂ＿（９．０）纳米软磁合金的结构与磁性影响。研究结果表明，当Ｎ６含量ｘ约为３ａｔ％时，合金的软用性能最高；随Ｎｂ含量ｘ的增加，最佳软磁性能下合金显微组织结构中的αＦｅ－Ｓｉ纳米晶晶粒尺寸Ｄ、Ｓｉ含量、体积分数Ｖ＿ｃ均呈下降趋势，非晶相的短程有序范围δ增大；合金的磁性除与αＦｅ－Ｓｉ纳米晶有关外，还与合金中非晶相密切相关。用新近提出的双相无规磁各向异性模型讨论了合金的磁性与结构的关系。     

定向凝固Tb0.3Dy0.7（Fe,M）1.95超磁致伸缩合金微观缺陷的研究

研究了经超高温梯度向凝固制备的Ｔｂ０．３Ｄｙ０．７（Ｆｅ，Ｍ）１．９５合金样品中存在的晶体缺陷的类型，分析其对该材料磁致伸缩性能的影响，探讨如何调整工艺来消除晶体缺陷，提高材料的磁致伸缩性能。     

Dy0.6Tb0.3Pr0.1(Fe0.95Mn0.05)x取向晶体的结构与磁致伸缩

采用Ｃｚｏｃｈｒａｌｓｋｉ方法生长了Ｄｙ０．６Ｔｂ０．３Ｐｒ０．１（Ｆｅ０．９５Ｍｎ０．０５）ｘ（１．８５≤ｘ≤１．９５）取向合金。所有合金主相为立方Ｌａｖｅｓ相结构,择优取向不完整择优取向的方向与Ｘ的大小有关。研究了沿着这些样品的生长方向的磁致伸缩性能以及磁致伸缩性能与压力之间的关系。     

Fe76.5—xCu1NbxSi13.5B9纳米晶合金的结构和磁性研究

本文研究了Ｆｅ７６．５－ｘＣｕ１ＮｂｘＳｉ１３．５Ｂ９纳米晶合金中Ｎｂ含量的变化（ｘ＝１－７）对结构和磁性的影响。结果表明，随ｘ值的增高，α－Ｆｅ（Ｓｉ）纳米晶相的尺寸减小，体积分数，含Ｓｉ量及其ＤＯ３有序度降低。Ｎｂ含量对残余非晶相的结构有影响。合金的饱和磁致伸缩系数（λｓ）随ｘ值的增加而增大，在ｘ＝３时，合金的起始磁导率（μｉ）最大，矫顽力（Ｈｃ）最小。     

Zn_（1－y）Al_yO敏感材料的固溶及导电机制

用化学共沉淀法，经热处理制得Ｚｎ＿（１－ｙ）Ａｌ＿ｙＯ系敏感材料。实验发现，在ｙ＜０．０８区间内，材料的电阻降低幅度较大，当ｙ＞０．０８时，阻值开始随ｙ值增大而上升。ＸＲＤ分析表明Ｚｎ＿（１－ｙ）Ａｌ＿ｙＯ（Ｏ＜ｙ＜０．１）是固溶体，此体系中存在缺陷平衡，并探讨其导电机制。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.     

新闻(英文)

正China and Greece Sign the Standardization Cooperation Agreement Witnessed by Chinese Premier Li Keqiang and Greek Prime Minister Antonis Samaras,AQSIQ Minister Zhi Shuping and ELOT Chairman and Executive Director Angelos Tolkas signed the SAC-ELOT Standardization Cooperation Agreement.The Agreement is one of the critical cooperation documents signed during Li Keqiang’s visit in Greece,encouraging China and Greece to