车削参数对GH4079高温合金表面特征的影响研究

研究车削参数对GH4079高温合金表面特征的影响规律,为车削加工GH4079高温合金选择合理的加工参数提供实验基础依据。采用车削速度为280~560m/min,切削深度为0.5~1.0mm,进给量为0.035~0.088mm/r的车削参数对GH4079高温合金进行车削加工,并用CALISUM表面粗糙度仪、显微硬度仪及X射线应力衍射仪对GH4079高温合金车削表面特征(表面粗糙度、表面显微硬度及表面残余应力)进行测定。GH4079高温合金车削表面粗糙度值在Ra502~Ra1 121nm范围内变化,表面显微硬度值在570.2~677.3HV范围内波动,进给方向残余应力σr(X)呈压应力状态,而垂直于进给方向残余应力σr(Y)呈拉应力状态。研究结果表明:表面粗糙度和表面显微硬度对切削速度的变化最为敏感,表面残余应力对切削深度的变化最敏感;表面粗糙度和表面显微硬度均随切削速度的增加而减小;表面残余压应力随切削深度的增大而增大,表面残余拉应力随切削深度的增大而减小。     

GH4169铣削残余应力研究及工艺参数优化

GH4169材料在航空、航天热端部件的制造中应用较多,为了改善GH4169材料的工件疲劳寿命、提高加工效率,文章设计了GH4169铣削工艺参数与工件表面残余应力之间的正交试验。通过试验,建立了铣削参数与铣削表面残余应力之间的经验公式,分析了铣削参数对铣削表面残余应力的影响规律。另外,应用遗传算法,以铣削表面残余应力、材料切除率的期望值为优化目标,对铣削参数进行了多目标优化,并对优化结果进行了试验验证。结果表明：切削速度对X、Y向残余应力的影响是最主要的,每齿进给量对于X向残余应力的影响次之,对于Y向残余应力的影响最小;切削深度对于X向残余应力的影响最小,对于Y向残余应力的影响次之;较小的切削速度和较大的每齿进给量有利于获得期望的表面残余应力,切削深度的变化对残余应力的影响较小;优化的铣削参数组合为：vc=26.64 m/min,ap=0.45 mm,fz=0.10 mm/z,ae=0.25 mm,可以降低GH4169材料表面残余拉应力,提高切削效率,为GH4169零件铣削参数的选取提供依据。     

GH4169高速车削参数对加工表面完整性影响研究

使用PVD-TiAlN涂层硬质合金刀片进行高温合金GH4169的高速车削正交试验,建立了表面完整性特征中表面粗糙度、表面残余应力、显微硬度的经验公式,分析了车削参数对表面完整性各特征量的影响规律,并观测了高速车削加工的表面形貌。结果表明:表面粗糙度随车削速度的增加而减小,随进给量和切削深度的增加而增大,进给量是影响表面粗糙度的最主要因素;随着进给量的增加,表面形貌变差;轴向残余应力表现为压应力,切向残余应力表现为拉应力,减小进给量,降低车削速度可减小车削加工的残余应力,轴向残余应力对进给量最敏感,切向残余应力对切削深度最敏感;显微硬度随车削速度的增大而增加,车削速度是影响显微硬度的主要因素。     

镍基高温合金锥面外圆车削表面粗糙度优化研究

以GH4169镍基高温合金外圆锥面车削加工为研究对象,通过正交实验的方法,研究切削参数对加工表面粗糙度的影响规律。并运用BP神经网络预测的方法建立了表面粗糙度经验模型。经过实验验证,该模型具有较好的预测精度。另外还对工件表面粗糙度与刀尖圆弧半径及切削深度的关系进行了研究。发现较大的刀尖圆弧半径能获得较小的表面粗糙度值,且增大刀尖圆弧半径可进一步减小切削深度对表面粗糙度的影响。该研究结果可为GH4169圆锥面车削加工提供技术指导和理论支持。     

基于响应曲面法的GH4169铣削参数优化及实验研究

机械加工的表面质量会极大地影响零部件的使用寿命。该文以降低镍基高温合金GH4169加工过程中的表面粗糙度为目标，对镍基高温合金GH4169的铣削参数进行优化。基于响应曲面法分析了铣削参数(转速、进给量、切削深度)对表面粗糙度的影响规律，建立了铣削参数与表面粗糙度之间的二次多项式模型并进行了验证，确定了降低表面粗糙度的最优工艺参数组合。研究结果表明，当A=928.34 r/min,B=243.35 mm/min,C=0.2 mm时，粗糙度可达到0.143μm。采用最优参数组合进行加工实验，并对铣削加工后的表面粗糙度进行测量，得出粗糙度实测值与模型预测值的相对误差为0.2%,可见所建立的模型是准确的。可满足某些航空航天高精度零部件表面质量特性，因此该模型对GH4169铣削加工具有指导意义。     

微铣削高温合金GH4169表面残余应力分析与预测优化

运用ABAQUS有限元软件对硬质合金立铣刀微铣削高温合金GH4169进行仿真,建立了三维微铣削有限元模型,分析了主轴转速、每齿进给量、轴向切削深度的改变对工件逆铣侧面残余应力的影响。分析结果表明:工件表面残余应力随着主轴转速的增大而增大;因刀刃半径的存在和尺寸效应的作用,残余应力随每齿进给量的增大先增大后减小;残余应力随铣削深度的增大而增大。最后运用神经网络群遗传算法以最小残余应力为目标对残余应力进行了预测和切削参数优化,得到了基于最小残余应力的最佳切削用量组合。     

机器人砂带磨削GH4169镍基高温合金表面完整性研究

采用机器人夹持GH4169镍基高温合金来进行砂带磨削试验。对试验装置进行了设计和分析,以确保砂带磨削过程中的磨削压力稳定;采用正交试验获得砂带磨削GH4169时的磨削深度;采用单因素试验确定砂带线速度和磨削压力对GH4169表面完整性的影响规律。试验结果表明：采用粒度为80号的陶瓷磨粒砂带加工GH4169时,其表面粗糙度在0.6~0.7 μm范围内,且随着砂带线速度的增大而减小,随着磨削压力的增大而增大,表面硬度在430~485HV范围内,表面残余应力均为残余压应力,其值在-410~ -60 MPa范围内。     

微量润滑在GH4169高温合金车削加工中的应用

为提高GH4169高温合金的可加工性,引入了微量润滑（MQL）技术开展该材料的车削加工试验。以表面粗糙度和切削温度为性能指标,分析干切削和MQL切削条件下工艺参数对已加工表面粗糙度和切削温度的影响规律。结果表明：工件表面粗糙度值均随转速的增加而降低,随进给量的增加而增大,随背吃刀量的增加而增大;切削温度则随工件转速、进给量、背吃刀量的增加而上升;相比于干切削加工,MQL切削加工能够获得粗糙度值更小的工件表面,且切削温度更低。该研究方法对于提升GH4169高温合金产品质量和实现绿色切削具有积极的作用。     

磨削参数对GH4169高温合金磨削表面特征影响研究

采用单因素试验法,使用不同特性的砂轮进行GH4169高温合金的外圆磨削试验,研究了单晶刚玉砂轮和CBN砂轮对GH4169高温合金磨削表面特征中表面粗糙度和表面形貌的影响,分析了各磨削工艺参数对表面粗糙度的影响规律,并分析了单晶刚玉砂轮和CBN砂轮切屑的形态,还检测了磨削加工的表面形貌。结果表明：采用粒度为80、中软级、陶瓷结合剂的单晶刚玉砂轮磨削GH4169高温合金时,其磨削表面粗糙度较小,表面特征较稳定;磨削进给运动轨迹构成了试件已加工表面形貌轮廓的主要特征。在工件速度为8~21.66m/min、砂轮速度为15~30m/s、径向进给量为0.005~0.02mm、纵向进给量为1.3~3.6mm/r范围内,可以保证表面粗糙度Ra在0.14μm以内。     

基于镍基合金车削粗糙度与金属切除量研究

高温合金GH4169具有良好的力学性能,由于材料的硬度等特性,在加工制造过程中难以保证零件的表面粗糙度。文中采用正交实验法对材料切削过程中的表面粗糙度、金属切除量进行实验研究,由切削速度、背吃刀量及进给量的分析可知：随着切削速度增加,零件表面粗糙度降低;随着背吃刀量与进给量的增加,零件的表面粗糙度增大;金属切除量随着切削三要素的增加而增加。通过车削实验对高温合金GH4169表面粗糙度与金属切除量参数分析,建立其最优预测模型,为以后加工高温合金GH4169奠定了理论基础。     

高速切削淬硬模具钢表面粗糙度的研究

通过正交设计方案,对淬硬到60HRC的冷作模具钢Cr12MoV进行高速车削表面粗糙度试验,分析了切削用量和刀具变量对表面粗糙度的影响规律,并建立了表面粗糙度的经验公式。表面粗糙度随着切削速度的增大而减小,随着进给量和背吃刀量的增大而增大,随着刀尖圆弧半径的增大,表面粗糙度先减小后增大。在相同条件下,陶瓷刀具加工后的工件表面粗糙度好于PCBN刀具;由表面粗糙度的经验公式可知,对表面粗糙度影响最大的因素是切削速度,其次是进给量和背吃刀量,而刀尖圆弧半径对其影响较小。     

Influence of cutting edge radius on surface integrity and burr formation in milling titanium

The influence of the cutting edge micro geometry on cutting process and on tool performance is subject to several research projects. Recently, published papers mainly focus on the cutting edge rounding and its influence on tool life and cutting forces. For applications even more important, however, is the influence of the cutting edge radius on the integrity of the machined part. Especially for titanium, which is used in environments requiring high mechanical integrity, the information about the dependency of surface integrity on cutting edge geometry is important. This paper therefore studies the influence of the cutting edge radius on surface integrity in terms of residual stress, micro hardness, surface roughness and optical characterisation of the surface and near surface area in up and down milling of the titanium alloy Ti–6Al–4V. Moreover, the influence of the cutting edge radius on burr formation is analysed. The experiments show that residual stresses increase with the cutting edge radius especially in up milling, whereas the influence in down milling is less pronounced. The influence of the cutting edge radius on surface roughness is non-uniform. The formation of burr increases with increasing cutting edge radius, and is thus in agreement with the residual stress tests.     

高速车削镍基高温合金GH4169的切削力仿真研究

基于Deform 3D仿真软件建立了GH4169高温合金高速车削的有限元模型,采用四因素三水平正交试验方法研究了切削用量和刀具几何参数对切削力的影响规律,并建立了切削力经验公式。研究结果表明:在高速车削GH4169的过程中,对切削力影响最大的参数是切削深度,其次是进给量和前角,最后是刀尖圆弧半径;切削力随切削深度和进给量的增大而增大,随前角的增大呈现先降低又升高的趋势,而刀尖圆弧半径增大时切削力变化不大;最佳参数组合为:进给量0.2mm/r,切削深度0.4mm,前角10°,刀尖圆弧半径0.2mm。     

Improving surface integrity in finish machining of Inconel 718 alloy using intelligent systems

In machining of hard materials, surface integrity is one of the major customer requirements which comprise the study of the changes induced to the workpiece. Surface roughness and residual stress are often considered as the most significant indications of surface integrity. Inducing tensile residual stress during the machining processes is a critical problem which should be avoided or minimized to obtain better service quality and component life. This problem becomes more evident in the presence of rough machined surface because fatigue life of manufactured components might be decreased significantly. Inconel 718 superalloy is one of the hard materials used extensively in the aerospace industries. It is prone to tensile residual stress in machined surface. Thus, controlling and optimizing residual stress and surface roughness in machining of Inconel 718 are so needed. Intelligent techniques based on the predictive and optimization models can be used efficiently for this purpose. In this study, the optimal machining parameters including cutting speed, depth of cut, and feed rate were accessed by intelligent systems to evaluate the state of residual stress and surface roughness in finish turning of Inconel 718. The results of experiments and analyses indicated that implemented techniques in this work provided a robust framework for improving surface integrity in machining of Inconel 718 alloy. It was shown that cutting speed has more effect on surface integrity than other investigated parameters. Also, depth of cut and feed rate were found in the moderate range to obtain satisfactory state of tensile residual stress and surface roughness.     

陶瓷结合剂CBN砂轮磨削GH4169高温合金的磨削加工性与磨削表面完整性

本文对ＣＢＮ砂轮磨削ＧＨ４１６９高温合金的磨削加工性和磨削表面完整性进行了系统研究。研究了ＣＢＮＳ轮磨削ＧＨ４１６９高温合金时磨削参数对磨削力、磨削温度和磨削比的影响规律；在正交试验和显著性分析的基础上．建立了磨削力和磨削温度的经验公式。在ＣＢＮ砂轮磨削ＧＨ４１６９高温合金磨削表面完整性的试验研究中，对磨削表面粗糙度、磨削表面硬化及磨削表面残余应力进行了研究．建立了表面完整性指标与磨削参数之间的关系。并根据正交试验建立了磨削表面粗糙度的经验公式。     

Analysis of residual stress and work-hardened profiles on Inconel 718 when face turning with large-nose radius tools

Surface integrity (SI) and, particularly, the residual stress profile, has a great influence on the fatigue life of machined aeronautical critical parts. Among the different cutting parameters that affect the final SI, tool geometry is one of the most important factors. In particular, tool nose radius determines the surface roughness, as well as the thermoplastic deformation of the workpiece. Indeed, the use of large tool nose radius in the industry enables (1) increasing the feed rate while keeping the roughness values below specifications and (2) reducing the influence of the tool wear in the surface roughness. Therefore, in this study, the influence of tool nose radius in the induced residual stress profile and work-hardened layer when face turning Inconel 718 is analysed for a cutting speed range between (30–70 m/min) and a feed rate range of (0.15–0.25 mm/rev). For this purpose, residual stress profiles and work-hardened layer were measured by x-ray diffraction method after machining with a 4 mm nose radius. Then, results have been compared against different tool nose radius studies carried out by other authors for the specified working conditions. Results revealed that residual stress profiles varied when machining with different nose radius for the studied range. In particular, the increase of the nose radius brought to a higher difference between surface tensile stress and subsurface compressive peak stress, which is attributed to an increase of the thermal effect. Moreover, thicker work-hardened layer (around 100 μm) was observed when machining with large-nose radius for the studied working conditions.     

单颗立方氮化硼磨粒磨削GH4169合金的仿真研究

根据单颗磨粒的切削特点,应用Deform-3D软件对单颗立方氮化硼磨粒磨削加工GH4169合金进行仿真,研究磨削过程中磨削深度和进给量对磨削温度、磨削力、磨削残余应力的影响。仿真研究表明,磨削深度对磨削结果的变化起主导作用,在所选用的磨削参数下,磨削温度介于350～650℃之间,进给方向磨削力最大为26 N,残余应力影响层深度可达60μm。研究结果为立方氮化硼砂轮高效磨削GH4169合金时磨削参数的选择提供了参考。     

金属二次切削残余应力的有限元分析

残余应力是影响构件表面完整性的重要因素,合理分析和研究连续切削状态下构件表面的残余应力,对现实生产有很大的指导意义。本文通过建立二次切削有限元模型,将一次切削完成以后的应力、应变场作为初始边界条件加载到二次切削过程中,运用可靠的材料模型及切屑分离手段,合理施加位移和速度边界条件,对金属二次切削过程进行数值模拟,得出了不同切削次序、切削深度和刀尖圆角半径对工件表面残余应力的影响规律。这对进一步研究连续切削过程及机械加工的表面完整性具有较高的参考价值。