黄连解毒汤对mCPP诱导焦虑样行为的作用研究

目的: 评价黄连解毒汤（HJDT）对1-（3-氯苯基）哌嗪单盐酸盐（mCPP）诱导焦虑样行为的作用。方法: 实验分为生理盐水对照组、mCPP焦虑组,地西泮+mCPP组,HJDT（1、2、4、8 g/kg）+mCPP组。灌胃给予HJDT或腹腔注射地西泮 0.1 mL/10 g,每日一次,在行为学实验前 30 min 皮下注射生理盐水或mCPP 0.1 mL/10 g。埋珠实验、自发活动实验、高架迷宫实验和明暗穿箱实验分别在给药后第14~17 天进行。结果: mCPP诱导产生明显的焦虑样行为。HJDT（2~8 g/kg）使埋珠数量减少,使中央路程比值和中央时间比值增加,使进入暗箱潜伏期缩短、暗箱停留时间延长、明暗穿箱次数增加,使开臂内停留时间百分比和开臂内进入次数百分比增加。地西泮使总运动路程减少。结论: HJDT对mCPP诱导焦虑样行为具有明显的改善作用,可为后续HJDT作为抗焦虑药物提供实验基础。     

4-甲基哌嗪-1-二硫代甲酸-(3-氰基-3, 3-二苯基)丙酯盐酸盐在小鼠的抗肿瘤作用

目的: 观察4-甲基哌嗪-1-二硫代甲酸-(3-氰基-3, 3-二苯基) 丙酯盐酸盐(Hyd) 对小鼠移植性肿瘤的抑制作用, 以确定该化合物的应用前景。方法: 采用小鼠肉瘤180 和肝癌22 及人胃癌异种移植裸鼠肿瘤模型, 观察Hyd 对小鼠移植性肿瘤生长的影响。结果: 通过口服灌胃给药, 不同浓度Hyd 对小鼠移植性肉瘤S180抑制率可达到46.4 %~ 59.6 %(P<0.01 ~ 0.001);对小鼠移植性肝癌H22抑制率可达到39.3 %~ 51.6 %(P<0.05 ~ 0.001);对裸鼠人胃癌异种移植瘤的抑制率可达到18.1 %~ 59.0 %。结论: Hyd 对小鼠移植性肝癌H22 和小鼠移植性肉瘤S180有明显抑制作用, 对人胃癌裸小鼠异种移植性肿瘤也有明显抑制作用。     

柠檬酸法合成SOFC阴极粉体La_(1-x)Sr_xMnO_(3-δ)的研究

采用柠檬酸法制备了固体氧化物燃料电池钙钛矿型阴极粉体La_(1-x)Sr_xMnO_(3-δ)(0.1＜x＜0.5),研究了pH值、络合剂量、煅烧温度等各工艺参数对络合效果的影响.结果表明:pH值是关键因素,最佳pH值为3.乙二醇能很好地促进柠檬酸络合金属离子,同时适当增加柠檬酸量有利于金属离子的络合.制备阴极粉体La_(1-x)Sr_xMnO_(3-δ)的最佳实验条件为:pH值为3,添加乙二醇,柠檬酸与金属离子的摩尔比为2,煅烧温度为1000 ℃.     

DDPH对多种介质所致豚鼠离体肠道平滑肌收缩的影响

目的 研究1-(2, 6-二甲基苯氧基)-2-(3, 4-二甲氧基苯乙氨基)丙烷盐酸盐(DDPH)对多种介质引起的豚鼠离体肠道平滑肌收缩的影响。方法 肠道平滑肌实验法。结果 不同剂量的DDPH 可非竞争性抑制磷酸组胺、氯化乙酰胆碱及Ca²⁺的作用, 使量效曲线非平行右移, 最大反应压低, 其pD₂'值分别为4.0、3.8、3.9。DDPH 还可抑制K⁺所致肠道平滑肌收缩, 但作用较维拉帕米弱, IC₅₀ 值分别为2.7μmol·L^-1 和0.7 μmol·L^-1。结论 DDPH通过非竞争性Ca²⁺拮抗作用使豚鼠回肠平滑肌松弛。     

9-(4-乙氧羰基苯氧基)-6, 7-二甲氧基-1, 2, 3, 4-四氢吖啶盐酸盐对小鼠学习记忆功能的影响

目的: 研究 9-(4-乙氧羰基苯氧基)-6, 7-二甲氧基-1, 2, 3, 4-四氢吖啶盐酸盐(EDT) 对小鼠记忆功能的影响。方法: 采用小鼠跳台法和 Y-型迷宫法,观察 EDT 对小鼠学习记忆功能的影响。结果: EDT2.5、 5、10 mg·kg^-1灌胃 5 d, 对东莨菪碱、 亚硝酸钠和乙醇致小鼠记忆获得、巩固及再现障碍均有不同程度的改善作用。 结论: EDT 可以改善小鼠的记忆功能。     

1-(2-萘)-3-(2-噻唑)-三氮烯的合成及其光度法测定钯(Ⅱ)的研究

合成并采用元素分析和红外光谱法鉴定了一个新试剂:1-(2-萘)-3-(2-噻唑)-三氮烯(NTT),研究了该试剂作为测定Pd(Ⅱ)显色剂的可能性.结果表明,NTT与Pd(Ⅱ)能发生显色反应,且该显色反应在485nm处的吸光度与Pd(Ⅱ)的浓度在0.10～1.75μg/mL时具有良好的线性关系,摩尔吸光系数为4.07×104L·mol-1·cm-1.据此,以MTT为显色剂,建立了一个测定Pd(Ⅱ)的光度分析新方法.该方法简单、选择性较好,用于测定催化剂样品中微量钯的含量.结果令人满意.     

2-(2-喹啉偶氮)-1,3-二氨基苯光度法测定钯的研究

合成了新试剂2-(2-喹啉偶氮)-1,3-二氨基苯(QADAB),并研究了其与钯的显色反应,在0.2～3.0mol/LHClO4介质中,QADAB与钯反应生成2:1稳定络合物,体系λmax=590nm,ε=8.08×104L·mol-1·cm-1。钯含量在0.01～1.2mg/L内符合比尔定律。本方法用于一些含钯样品中钯含量的测定,结果令人满意。     

9-(4-乙氧羰基苯氧基)-6, 7-二甲氧基-1, 2, 3, 4-四氢吖啶盐酸盐对PC12细胞缺氧缺血损伤的保护作用

目的 研究9-(4-乙氧羰基苯氧基)-6, 7-二甲氧基-1, 2, 3, 4-四氢吖啶盐酸盐(EDT) 对神经细胞缺血缺氧损伤的影响。方法 离体培养的PC12 细胞, 用连二亚硫酸钠造成缺氧/复氧损伤模型, 用NaCN 加缺糖造成拟缺血损伤模型, 通过MT T 微量比色、培养介质LDH 活力测定研究EDT 对两模型的保护作用。结果 在10^-8～10^-6 mol·L^-1范围内, EDT 浓度依赖地降低两种损伤所致培养介质内LDH 的释放, 增加MTT 比色值, 同时10^-6 mol·L^-1 EDT 对两模型的保护作用具有时间依赖性, 48 h 达效应平台。结论 EDT 对PC12 细胞缺血缺氧损伤具有保护作用。     

用V_2O_5和Na_2SO_4制备的(Sm_(1-x)Yb_x)_2Zr_2O_7热障涂层材料热腐蚀行为的研究

本文采用ZrOCl_2·8H_2O、Sm_2O_3和Yb_2O_3粉体作为原材料,用化学共沉淀法制备出(Sm_(1-x)Yb_x)_2Zr_2O_7(x=0,0.5,1.0)粉体。粉体经煅烧后,用无压烧结工艺获得(Sm_(1-x)Yb_x)_2Zr_2O_7块体材料。通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和能谱分析(EDS),对在不同热处理条件和不同腐蚀剂作用下(Sm_(1-x)Yb_x)_2Zr_2O_7块体材料的相组成和微观组织结构进行比较和分析,系统地研究了(Sm_(1-x)Yb_x)_2Zr_2O_7材料热腐蚀机理。     

Additively manufactured cellular structures: Impact of microstructure and local strains on the monotonic and cyclic behavior under uniaxial and bending load

In order to meet the demand for optimized light-weight parts, the development of load adapted structures has begun to play a key role in today's research. Promising candidates are complex cellular structures, which can be adapted to the loading conditions by use of Additive Manufacturing techniques. The current study addresses the mechanical behavior of open cellular structures produced by Selective Laser Melting. Samples of Ti–6Al–4V were processed, heat-treated and tested under monotonic and cyclic loading applying both uniaxial and bending loads. To reveal microstructure – mechanical property – relationships an in situ approach using electron back scatter diffraction and digital image correlation was applied.The results clarify the impact of a post-SLM heat treatment on the mechanical performance of cellular structures made from Ti–6Al–4V. Local strains determined by DIC reveal structure weaknesses already at low degrees of deformation and at an early stage of lifetime. The in situ approach helps in understanding the mechanical behavior and allows for local adaptation of the cell design in order to obtain improved load adapted structures.     

蛹虫草提取物对内毒素引起小鼠急性肺损伤的保护作用

目的:观察蛹虫草提取物对内毒素引起小鼠急性肺损伤的保护作用。方法:建立内毒素急性损伤小鼠肺病理模型, 造模4 和8 h 后, 用蛹虫草提取物治疗, 造模24 h 后, 对血细胞和肺灌洗液中细胞进行计数并测定肺灌洗液中蛋白酶的活性和蛋白的含量。结果:蛹虫草提取物对血液成分没有明显影响, 但可以使肺灌洗液中白细胞、粒细胞的含量有所降低, 而淋巴细胞和单核细胞的数量有所增加, 蛋白酶活性降低。结论:蛹虫草提取物可调节机体组织的免疫功能, 可以缓解由于内毒素或类似物质造成的肺部炎症, 具有一定的肺保护作用。     

Differences of grain-refining effect of Sc and Ti additions in aluminum by empirical electron theory analysis

The differences of grain-refining effect between Sc and Ti additions in aluminum,which cannot be substantially explained by traditional theories,were carefully studied.The empirical electron theory(EET) of solids and molecules was employed to calculate the valence electron structures(VES) of Al3Ti and Al3Sc.The conclusions can be drawn that,in the two alloys Al-Ti and Al-Sc,the different valence electron structures of Al3Ti and Al3Sc and the consequent differences of growth habit of the two particles,and th...     

Changes in the thermoelectric power of a Ni base superalloy induced by elastic and plastic strain

Induced changes in the thermoelectric power (TEP) of the Inconel 718 by elastic and plastic strain have been previously reported by López Cuéllar et al. [1]. Now, in this work, the TEP of a nickel-based superalloy Waspaloy with different heat treatments has been followed during stressing tests. In all cases plastic deformation has been attained. TEP measurement variations of ∼160 nV/°C have been attained for a certain heat treatment that produces the desirable γ′ phase, and low changes of TEP are observed for the treatment that does not produce γ′. Like for the Inconel 718, results indicate that TEP of the Wasploy is clearly affected by the elastic and plastic strain induced during tests. The previously proposed model to describe the change in TEP induced by the strain in specimens of Inconel 718 [1], is validated with the Waspaloy superalloy in this work. Thus, these results confirm that the TEP technique is a powerful tool to detect non-desirable states and levels of strain in alloys containing γ′ phase like the Waspaloy and Inconel superalloys.     

Corrosion behavior of two heat treatment Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys in different intergranular corrosion solution

The electrochemical behavior of two kinds of artificial aged Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys in two intergranular cor-rosion (IGC) solutions were studied using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and open circuit potential (OCP) at steady-state. EDAX result indicates that different artificial ageing methods change the composition and content of Cu and Zn in different zones. Zn/Cu depleted precipitation-free zone that plays a very important role in IGC is formed by heating the solubilized Al alloy for 135℃ at 16 h. All impedance spectra of the two alloys in two IGC solutions can be divided into three types. The two different states A1 alloys takes on one time constant and two capacitive arcs at high-mediate frequency and low frequency in the NaCl (NH4 )2SO4 solution respectively; but in the NaCl HCl solution, impedance displays one capacitive arc at the high-mediate frequency and an inductive loop at low frequency. OCP results show that more micro-galvanic cells in the NaCl (NH4)2SO4 solution than that in the NaCl HCl solution results in more potential fluctuation amplitude, and long-term drift of OCP is due to the long-term variation of the cathodic and anodic corrosion processes.     

Characterization and corrosion behavior of ceramic coating on magnesium by micro-arc oxidation

In this study, the commercial pure magnesium was coated in different aqueous solutions of Na₂SiO₃ and Na₃PO₄ by the micro-arc oxidation method (MAO). Coating thickness, phase composition, surface and cross sectional morphology and corrosion resistance of coatings were analyzed by eddy current method, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and tafel extrapolation method, respectively. The average thickness of the coatings ranged from 52 to 74 μm for sodium silicate solution and from 64 to 88 μm for sodium phosphate solution. The dominant phases on the coatings were detected as spinal Mg₂SiO₄ (Forsterite) and MgO (Periclase) for sodium silicate solution and Mg₃(PO₄)₂ (Farringtonite) and MgO (Periclase) for sodium phosphate solution. SEM images reveal that the coating is composed of two layers as of a porous outer layer and a dense inner layer. The corrosion results show the coating consisting Mg₂SiO₄ is more resistant to corrosion than that containing Mg₃(PO₄)₂.     

经形变热处理铜基形状记忆合金的晶粒生长、形状记忆和腐蚀行为

比较研究了Cu-11．8％Al-3．7％Ni-1％Mn和Cu-11％A1—5．6％Mn形状记忆合金（SMAS）的形状记忆、腐蚀性能。采用光学显微镜（0M）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、差示扫描量热法（DSC）、动电位极化、弯曲和拉伸试验,研究了晶粒细化对这些性能的影响。在800。C退火时,在首先的15S内静态再结晶和动态晶粒长达显示出一个快速的再结晶过程,随后才是晶粒生长。退火15S后得到的Cu—A1—Ni-Mn和Cu-Al—Mn合金的最小晶粒尺寸分别为90gm和260pm。拉伸试验表明2种合金呈现典型的三阶段曲线,由此可以看出,晶粒细化后合金具有高的断裂应力和应变。显微组织表明,Cu—Al-Ni—Mn合金中存在锯齿状的所马氏体形态,通过差示扫描量热法也证实了所和rf共存于Cu—A1-Mn合金中。评估了形变热处理前、后及800℃退火15min,随后进行水淬的合金的形状记忆性能。另外,采用动电位极化法分析了晶粒细化后合金的腐蚀行为。结果表明,铜溶解过程中主要为阳极反应,Cu—Al—Ni—Mn合金比Cu—A1-Mn合金具有更好的耐腐蚀性。     

Floc flotation of marmatite fines in aqueous suspensions induced by butyl xanthate and ammonium dibutyl dithiophosphate

The hydrophobic flocculation of marmatite fines in aqueous suspensions induced by butyl xanthate (KBX) and ammonium dibutyl dithiophosphate (ADD) was investigated using laser particle size analysis, microscopy analysis, electrophoretic light scattering, contact angle measurement and infrared spectroscopy. The studies were performed on single minerals with size ≤20 µm by varying several parameters, including pH, collector concentration and kerosene addition. The results show that the floc flotation closely correlated with the size of flocs and the particle hydrophobicity, but was not lowered with increasing the particle surface charges due to collector adsorption. Under good operating conditions, the floc flotation of marmatite fines as a function of KBX and ADD can all reach floatability over 90%, in comparison with conventional flotation obtaining floatability of about 60%. It also has been found that a small addition of kerosene greatly improved the floc flotation because of the formation of oil films on marmatite particles. The results of FTIR spectra indicate that adsorption of the two collectors onto marmatite were chemical adsorption.     

An analysis of the tensile elongation to failure of laminated metal composites in the presence of strain-rate hardening

We extend the analysis of Hutchinson and Neale (Hutchinson JW, Neale KW. Acta Metall 1977;25:839) and Ghosh (Ghosh AK. Acta Metall 1977;25:1413) predicting the tensile elongation to failure of strain-rate-dependent plastic materials to two-phase composites deforming quasistatically according to the equistrain rule of mixtures. The analysis incorporates the influence of work hardening and strain-rate hardening in both composite constituent phases. It is shown that the problem can be formulated in a manner that condenses the seven underlying material parameters into four dimensionless numbers for composites of power-law hardening phases, the number of parameters falling to two for linear hardening. It then emerges that the stabilizing influence of both work hardening and strain-rate hardening is, within assumptions of the model, always predominantly exerted by the phase that carries the greater share of the composite stress. It is also shown that the prediction can be simplified so as to enable an approximate but convenient direct graphical deduction of the tensile elongation of ductile laminated metal composites (LMCs), knowing the work hardening and strain-rate hardening characteristics of the two phases making the composite. The utility of this graphical scheme is illustrated with two examples, namely LMCs containing one phase of (moderately ductile) aluminium alloy or of a (low-ductility) nanocrystalline metal.     

Characteristics and biological responses of novel coatings containing strontium by micro-arc oxidation

The modification of micro-arc oxidation (MAO) technique is an effective method to improve biocompatibility of titanium. This study aimed to investigate the coatings formed in the electrolytes with different strontium content, which is beneficial for biological performance. The physicochemical characteristics and cell behavior were assessed. The physicochemical characteristics were investigated using scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDX), thin film X-ray diffraction (TF-XRD) analysis, electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) and surface roughness test. Cell behavior included morphology observation by SEM and number count by methylthiazoletetrazolium assay of hFOB cells. The TF-XRD results indicated that phase of coatings was anatase and rutile. The calcium, phosphorus, and strontium were detected in the coatings by EDX and ESCA. Using the SEM, the surface morphology exhibited uniform porous structure on titanium. Cell culture experiments demonstrate that MAO coating formed in the electrolytes with different strontium content would not alter initial cell morphology and 1-day and 7-day cell numbers. The cell proliferation of coatings containing 1% or 5% strontium content at 14-day culture was higher than coatings without strontium content at 14-day culture, but the higher strontium content (10%) could not be beneficial to cell growth. Consequently, this study indicates that strontium incorporated into MAO coatings did not change the physicochemical characteristics but exhibited an effect on biological responses.