悬浮态干法造粒工艺制备陶瓷墙地砖坯体粉料的工艺参数研究

介绍了一种新型悬浮态干法造粒工艺的工艺参数研究,通过改变悬浮态干法造粒工艺的增湿腔内壁材料、雾化水中粘结剂含量、给料速率和增湿腔截面风速四种参数,以所制备陶瓷砖坯体粉料的收料率、含水率和成粒率为指标,研究不同参数对陶瓷砖坯体粉料生产的影响,用优选出的参数组合,与湿法造粒工艺及优化前的颗粒质量做了对比.结果表明:增湿腔内壁材料对所制备颗粒的收料率和成粒率影响很大,使用聚四氟乙烯作为增湿腔内壁材料制备效果明显好于有机玻璃,粘结剂含量在1%左右时粉料与雾化液滴接触结合的情况为最佳;随着给料速率的增加,收料率随之增大,但是实验结果的含水率及成粒率都呈现先增大后减小的趋势,并在3.1 kg/min时出现最大值;随着增湿腔截面风速的提高,颗粒成粒率和含水率降低,而收料率增加.以优化后参数方案制备的坯体粉料颗粒质量上也得到了进一步优化,颗粒流动性更好,与湿法工艺接近.     

陶瓷干压工艺中坯体开裂与粉料粘模的原因分析

分析了特种陶瓷干压成型工艺中坯体开裂与粘模的原因，以及对陶瓷造粒粉压制性能与工艺制度的要求作了阐述。     

我国陶瓷墙地砖制粉工艺的进展

坯体粉料的制备是陶瓷墙地砖生产中的重要一环,影响着产品的最终质量.我国的陶瓷制粉技术从20世纪80年代起,通过借鉴国外先进技术和自主研发等方式发展形成了各种不同的制粉工艺.本文通过介绍我国近三十年陶瓷墙地砖制粉技术的发展历程,分析了近年来关于陶瓷砖制粉工艺的专利、造粒机结构及其工作原理,比较了用不同造粒工艺制备粉料的性能,并针对目前陶瓷砖制粉工艺存在的问题,提出了未来的发展方向.     

氮化硅陶瓷粉料造粒的研究进展

氮化硅陶瓷具有高强度、高硬度、良好的断裂韧性等优异力学性能,并具有独特的自润滑性能,而日益受到重视.氮化硅陶瓷粉料是制备氮化硅陶瓷的关键原料,粉料的处理方式是影响陶瓷性能的关键步骤.本文介绍了目前较为常见的氮化硅陶瓷粉料的处理方法,并对各处理工艺的优缺点进行了分析,重点阐述了喷雾造粒工艺及其目前研究进展.最后分析了目前氮化硅粉料处理方法存在的问题,并对氮化硅粉料处理方法的发展提出了展望.     

陶瓷薄板优质粉料制备工艺

本文概述了陶瓷薄板用优质粉料的工艺性能、制备优质粉料的工艺条件、原料球磨、料浆处理,以及制备优质粉料的设备-喷雾干燥塔的控制等工艺技术,从而获得生产陶瓷薄板使用的优质粉料。     

PTC陶瓷用二氧化钛超细粉料制备条件的研究

ＴｉＯ２物理性能可直接影响的显微结构和电性能。采用ＴｉＣｌ４水热法制备了ＰＴＣ电子陶瓷用ＴｉＯ２微粉。并研究了水解条件、晶种制造备及分散添加剂对ＴｉＯ２物理性能的影响。用ＴｉＯ２粉料制成ＰＴＣ元件并进行电性能测试。     

超细化干法造粒制备陶瓷粉料技术

本文描述了干法制备陶瓷粉料的技术和装备,为目前陶瓷原料生产中存在的高能耗、高污染等问题提出了解决方法。     

盘,碟类等静压成型用粉料的工艺性能

分析了盘、碟类陶瓷制品的等静压成型过程 ,并详细地论述了所用陶瓷粉料的工艺性能及其对坯体质量的影响。     

浅谈渗花砖坯体的干燥

渗花砖坯体的干燥是生产过程中的一项重要工序，本将其干燥分为印花前干燥和印花后干燥，按水份排除的不同分别进行叙述。     

Comparative Evaluation of Physical Properties of Edible Chitosan Films Prepared by Different Drying Methods

Edible films are alternative packaging, which have recently received much attention due mainly to environmental reasons. Edible films may be formed from edible biomaterials such as polysaccharides, proteins, or lipids. Among these biopolymers, chitosan is of interest because it has a good film-forming property and is biodegradable, biocompatible, and nontoxic. Several techniques have been used to prepare edible chitosan films with various degrees of success. However, it is always interesting to find an alternative technique to produce films of superior quality at shorter processing (drying) time. In this study, the influences of different drying methods and conditions on the drying kinetics and various properties of chitosan films were investigated. Drying at control conditions (ambient air drying and hot air drying at 40°C) as well as vacuum drying and low-pressure superheated steam drying (LPSSD) at an absolute pressure of 10 kPa were carried out at different drying temperatures (70, 80, and 90°C). The properties of chitosan films, in terms of color, tensile strength, percent elongation, water vapor permeability (WVP), glass transition temperature (T_g), and crystallinity, were also determined. Based on the results of both the drying behavior and film properties, LPSSD at 70°C was proposed as the most favorable conditions for drying chitosan films.     

Comparative Evaluation of Physical Properties of Edible Chitosan Films Prepared by Different Drying Methods

Edible films are alternative packaging, which have recently received much attention due mainly to environmental reasons. Edible films may be formed from edible biomaterials such as polysaccharides, proteins, or lipids. Among these biopolymers, chitosan is of interest because it has a good film-forming property and is biodegradable, biocompatible, and nontoxic. Several techniques have been used to prepare edible chitosan films with various degrees of success. However, it is always interesting to find an alternative technique to produce films of superior quality at shorter processing (drying) time. In this study, the influences of different drying methods and conditions on the drying kinetics and various properties of chitosan films were investigated. Drying at control conditions (ambient air drying and hot air drying at 40°C) as well as vacuum drying and low-pressure superheated steam drying (LPSSD) at an absolute pressure of 10 kPa were carried out at different drying temperatures (70, 80, and 90°C). The properties of chitosan films, in terms of color, tensile strength, percent elongation, water vapor permeability (WVP), glass transition temperature (T _g ), and crystallinity, were also determined. Based on the results of both the drying behavior and film properties, LPSSD at 70°C was proposed as the most favorable conditions for drying chitosan films.     

两种酸、碱复合催化法制备SiO2增透膜及其性能研究

采用两种不同的酸碱复合催化方法制备SiO2增透膜,对该增透膜的透过率、表面形貌、硬度等进行了比较.第一种方法是滴加HCl制备薄膜,与酸催化法制备的薄膜相比,透光率有所提高,但薄膜表面不均匀,影响了薄膜的透光率;第二种方法是滴加酸溶胶制备薄膜,其透过率高,薄膜硬度大,且薄膜表面颗粒均匀平整.采用红外光谱,XRD和SEM等手段对两种方法制备薄膜的结构和表面形貌进行了表征,结果表明,滴加酸溶胶法得到的薄膜性质更稳定,透光率、强度等指标也最优.     

不同产出环节和处理工艺钢渣的基本性质及其利用

本文测试了铁水脱硫渣、转炉滚筒渣、转炉热泼渣、铸余渣、电炉滚筒渣、电炉热泼渣等六种不同产出环节和处理工艺的钢渣的密度、化学成分、物相组成、金属铁含量、易磨性、游离CaO (f-CaO)含量、胶凝活性指数等理化性质.并根据其性质特点分析了六种钢渣的利用途径.结果表明:不同产出环节和处理工艺的钢渣在理化性质上呈现不同特点,使其在应用途径上也产生差异.     

不同工艺制备的水合氧化锆凝胶之特性

用水解沉淀法和中和沉淀法两种工艺制备了水合氧化锆凝胶，并与经乙醇脱水处理后的水合氧化锆凝胶的形貌、热性能、相态以及红外吸收光谱作了比较。     

不同生产工艺天然橡胶的性能差异

研究3种天然橡胶(NR)[胶清胶(SCR-G)、全乳胶(SCR-WF)、10~#子午线轮胎胶(SCR-RT10)]性能的差异。结果表明:SCR-G的灰分、挥发分和氮含量较大,杂质含量和塑性保持率较小,物理性能较好,且价格较低,适用于发泡橡胶制品和鞋底;SCR-WF的灰分、杂质和氮含量都较小,加工安全性能较好,物理性能较差,适用于输送带、密封圈和胶鞋;SCR-RT10的杂质含量较大,氮含量较小,加工安全性能较差,适用于轮胎和输送带等。     

对采用三种烧结技术制备的氧化锆的致密化和性能的研究

由氨基乙酸／硝酸盐闷烧方法制备了含8％Y2O3的纳米晶钇稳定氧化锆粉末,用火花等离子体烧结（SPS）、热压（HP）和传统烧结法（CS）研究了其致密性。SPS技术比其余烧结方法优异,能在较低温度和较短烧结时间获取具有均匀形态的致密化材料（≥96％）。经SiX5、热压和传统烧结方法制备的材料,其晶粒尺寸分别是0．21、0．37和12μm。材料的总电导率与晶粒尺寸并无明确关系,但SPS烧结材料的活化能比其余两种致密化方法的稍高。由Vickers压痕法测得的硬度与晶粒尺寸无关,而断裂韧性（由压痕法测得）随晶粒尺寸增大而轻微下降。     

凝胶注模成型法制备堇青石多孔陶瓷的性能研究

实验按照堇青石的理论化学配比,以煤矸石、滑石和氧化铝为主要原料,采用凝胶注模成型法,将试样成型为Φ30 mm×30 mm的试样,在不同温度下烧成,测定试样的基本物理性能,采用XRD表征分析不同温度下试样的物相组成.结果表明:当凝胶注模浆料的固相质量分数为40％时,浆料的黏度为880 mPa·s,固化时间为550 s,干燥收缩率为10.12％,可保证注模过程的顺利进行,并能保证干燥后生坯的质量;在1350℃下烧制2 h,试样的烧成收缩率为25.79％,体积密度为0.6125 g·cm-3,气孔率为83.76％,且试样的主要物相组成为堇青石,表明以煤矸石为主要原料,采用凝胶注模成型法可制得一定气孔率的堇青石多孔陶瓷,对提高煤矸石的资源化综合利用率具有重要意义.     

脉冲电沉积Ni-SiC纳米复合镀层的工艺及性能

采用脉冲电沉积技术在铜基表面制备Ni-SiC纳米复合镀层。利用扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、显微硬度计及电化学测试,研究了纳米SiC微粒的质量浓度对复合镀层的表面形貌、组织结构、显微硬度以及耐蚀性的影响。结果表明:当纳米SiC微粒的质量浓度为6～9g/L时,制备的复合镀层组织细密,显微硬度最高可达7 730MPa,并且耐蚀性也有了较大的提高。