增强器共振补偿方案

强流重离子加速器的增强器用于强流重离子的极限累积和加速,其强流束产生的空间电荷效应使束流的工作点分布发散和漂移,并在工作点跨越低阶共振时造成离子束发射度增长甚至带来较大的束流损失。为消除低阶共振对离子束的不利影响,采用多极磁场来对6个低阶共振进行补偿。本文分析了增强器工作点附近的低阶共振,探讨了共振禁带的贡献项及相应的补偿方案,并通过数值模拟验证了增强器的共振补偿方案。结果表明,由增强器色品校正六极场引起的共振增强能通过补偿六极场进行消除,这将有利于增强器强流重离子束的实现。     

增强器共振补偿方案

强流重离子加速器的增强器用于强流重离子的极限累积和加速,其强流束产生的空间电荷效应使束流的工作点分布发散和漂移,并在工作点跨越低阶共振时造成离子束发射度增长甚至带来较大的束流损失。为消除低阶共振对离子束的不利影响,采用多极磁场来对6个低阶共振进行补偿。本文分析了增强器工作点附近的低阶共振,探讨了共振禁带的贡献项及相应的补偿方案,并通过数值模拟验证了增强器的共振补偿方案。结果表明,由增强器色品校正六极场引起的共振增强能通过补偿六极场进行消除,这将有利于增强器强流重离子束的实现。     

脉冲电场传感器灵敏度响应系数一致性的实验研究

电场传感器灵敏度的校准是电磁场测量中的重要环节.本文运用任意波形发生器(AWG),在TEM小室中激励不同形式的脉冲电场,对自行研制的偶极天线测量系统的灵敏度进行了校准实验.结果表明,在传感器的频带范围内,不同脉冲波形的灵敏度曲线基本一致,由实验室校准系统给出的灵敏度参数适用于频带范围内的未知波形脉冲电场的测量.     

上海光源增强器注入引出系统物理设计

介绍了上海光源增强器注入引出系统物理设计.在增强器注入中,跟踪结果表明闭轨校正后增强器的水平和垂直接受度分别约为23πmm·mrad和37 πmm·mrad,均远大于直线加速器引出的9 πmm·mrad(3σ),可保证较大的注入效率.在增强器引出中,三个Bump铁能形成-个较好的凸轨,凸轨中心高度10 mm,选择将切割板置于距增强器中心轨道15 mm处,引出束中心22 mm.     

反应堆互功率谱密度测试系统设计

设计了一种基于PXI-1031高速同步数据采集卡(DAO)的虚拟仪器硬件测试系统.利用Labview8.5程序设计出了测试系统所需的数据采集和数据处理分析程序.使用Fluke-282任意波形发生器产生两路频率分别为150 Hz和270 Hz的正弦信号,应用数据处理分析程序完成了两路信号的互功率谱密度计算.仿真试验结果表明,测试系统达到了设计要求.     

用于可编程脉冲电源的新型波形发生器及显示器研究

针对中国散裂中子源(CSNS)工程快循环同步加速器(RCS)注入系统涂抹凸轨磁铁脉冲电源的需求,设计了一种采用FPGA+DSP结构的高速数字采集与处理系统实现可编程脉冲电源给定波形的产生与输出电流的探测显示。通过研究DSP与上位机基于UDP协议的千兆以太网通讯、DSP与FPGA间高速串行接口技术的数据传输方式,使电源实现了在线实时输出任意波形脉冲电流和显示电源的输出电流波形,为任意波形发生器及显示器的设计提供了新方法。     

基于虚拟仪器技术的池式热堆Rossi-α测量装置设计

设计了一套基于虚拟仪器技术的池式热堆Rossi-α测量装置,该测量装置以PXI-6602高速同步计数卡为硬件测试平台,利用Labview8.5程序开发出了测量装置所需的数据采集和数据处理分析程序。此外,先用Fluke-282任意波形发生器产生一路频率和幅值分别为200 Hz和5 V的方波信号,再用已开发好的Labview应用程序对这路信号进行了脉冲计数统计涨落仿真测试,试验结果表明,所设计的测量装置达到了测量使用要求。     

高能同步辐射光源低能束流输运线设计研究

高能同步辐射光源（HEPS）是计划在北京建造的发射度小于60 pm•rad的超低发射度光源。它由1台500 MeV直线加速器、1条500 MeV低能束流输运线、1台500 MeV～6 GeV的能量增强器、2条6 GeV的高能束流输运线、1台6 GeV的储存环以及同步辐射光束线和实验站组成。本文进行低能束流输运线的设计研究。低能束流输运线是连接直线加速器和增强器的束流传输线,在考虑建设布局限制的基础上,对两端的束流包络进行匹配,并将直线加速器产生的束流高效传输到增强器注入点。HEPS低能束流输运线设计时采用了功能分区的设计策略,设计有3个功能区,分别是消色散注入匹配区、光学参数匹配区、输出匹配区。为校正误差对束流的影响,HEPS低能束流输运线设置了8个BPM,水平和垂直各6块校正磁铁用于束流轨道校正,校正后的轨道满足束流传输要求。     

高能同步辐射光源低能束流输运线设计研究

高能同步辐射光源(HEPS)是计划在北京建造的发射度小于60 pm·rad的超低发射度光源。它由1台500 MeV直线加速器、1条500 MeV低能束流输运线、1台500 MeV～6 GeV的能量增强器、2条6 GeV的高能束流输运线、1台6 GeV的储存环以及同步辐射光束线和实验站组成。本文进行低能束流输运线的设计研究。低能束流输运线是连接直线加速器和增强器的束流传输线,在考虑建设布局限制的基础上,对两端的束流包络进行匹配,并将直线加速器产生的束流高效传输到增强器注入点。HEPS低能束流输运线设计时采用了功能分区的设计策略,设计有3个功能区,分别是消色散注入匹配区、光学参数匹配区、输出匹配区。为校正误差对束流的影响,HEPS低能束流输运线设置了8个BPM,水平和垂直各6块校正磁铁用于束流轨道校正,校正后的轨道满足束流传输要求。     

一个适用于软X线弯晶谱仪的象增强器

描述了一个由光阴极、微通道板、荧光屏、光导纤维和自扫描二极管阵列组成的象增强器。并用波长为1.7—7nm的入射光子测试了该象增强器的性能,结果表明它可作为软X射线弯晶谱仪的无窗位置灵敏探测器。     

Preparation of Zn/TiO2 powder and its photocatalytic performance for oxidation of P-nitrophenol

Zn-doped TiO2 catalysts were prepared using a sol-gel method and characterized by XPS,UV-Vis, BET, XRD in this study. Under the irradiation of simulant sunlight, the photocatalytic activity for the degradation of p-nitrophenol was studied too. After irradiation for 2.5 h, the degradation percentage of p-nitrophenol could rise to more than 80 %. The results showed that the spectrum absorption band edge of Zn/TiO2 powder does not broaden obviously comparing with pure TiO2 powder. Zinc exists as Zn （11）. When calcined at 973 K, there is a new phase as ZnTiO3 in Zn/TiO2 catalyst. The order of photocatalytic activity of Zn/TiO2 catalysts calcined at different temperatures for p-nitrophenol is 773 K 〉 673 K 〉 873 K 〉 573 K 〉 973 K and the photocatalytic activity of Zn/TiO2 catalyst calcined at 773 K is better than TiO2 catalysts heated at the same temperature, and outclasses that of commercial TiO2 catalyst. It also showed that the photocatalytic degradation of p-nitrophenol follows first-order kinetics under the irradiation of simulant sunlight.     

Current status of radiation therapy for prostate cancer

Radiotherapy for the treatment of prostate cancer has been extensively explored in the past. Along with the comprehensive understanding of the biology of prostate cancer and rapid advances in terms of technology, the out- come of treatment for the patients with prostate cancer has improved. The authors review radiotherapy as the primary treatment for the disease, with particular emphasis on the technological advances from both the radiobiological and radiophysics aspects. Nonconventional fractionated irradiation like hyper- or hypo-fractionation has been imple- mented in the clinic, the final results still need to be confirmed in the future. Technological advances like IMRT, IGRT, in the last two decades have significantly improved the delivery of external radiotherapy to the prostate. This has re- sulted in an overall increase in the total dose that can be safely delivered to the prostate, which has led to modest im- provements in the biochemical outcome. However, establishing the standard therapy for prostate cancer remains con- troversial. It is hoped that the next decades will bring continued advances in the development of biologicals that will further improve current clinical outcomes.     

The control system for SSRF injection and extraction

This paper introduces the injection and extraction control system design for SSRF,which is a distributed control system aimed at stability and reliability of the pulse power supplies,PPS(Personnel Protection System)and MPS(Machine Protection System).The hardware environment is mainly based on PLC(Programmable Logic Con- troller),and ARM(Advanced RISC Machine)is also applied for studying stability of the power supplies.WinCC and EPICS(Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System)have been selected as the platforms of SCADA(Super- visory Control and Data Acquisition).For unifying the interfacing to the control computer,all front-end equipments are connected via Industrial Ethemet.     

水平管内含空气蒸汽强制对流冷凝换热模型研究

为研究含空气蒸汽在水平管内强制对流冷凝换热特性,基于对传热传质过程的分析,建立了管内为环状流与波状流条件下的流动冷凝换热模型。从潜热、显热和液膜3个环节对整个换热过程进行建模,最终得到计算局部冷凝换热系数的理论关系式。模型预测结果与实验数据的对比表明,二者相对偏差在±20%以内,验证了该换热模型的准确性与适用性。通过进一步的研究发现：从换热管入口至出口,随着冷凝的进行,管内换热主要热阻由液膜热阻向气液界面的凝结热阻转变;主流气体对流换热过程基本可忽略。     

Investigations on landmine detection by BF3 detector

Experiments were carried out to investigate the possible use of neutron backscattering for the detection of polyethylene (PE) sample buried in the soil. In detection of landmine by neutrons, the neutron detector and its shield play an important role. In this paper, the effects of graphite, heavy water, polyethylene and boric acid moderators on the flux of back scattered neutrons were investigated. We have also experimentally verified the effect of BF3 detector shield and obtained good agreement with theory.     

Web Services interface of SSRF archive data analysis system

Accelerator database stores various static parameters and real-time data of accelerator. SSRF (Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility) adopts relational database to save the data. We developed a data retrieval system based on XML Web Services for accessing the archive data. It includes a bottom layer interface and an interface applicable for accelerator physics. Client samples exemplifying how to consume the interface are given. The users can browse, retrieve and plot data by the client samples. Also, we give a method to test its stability. The test result and performance are described.     

Assessment of radioactivity levels in some oil samples from the western desert, Egypt

Distributions of natural gamma-emitting radionuclides were determined in 93 oil samples collected from some petroleum fields in the western desert of Egypt. The radioisotope activities in the area under investigation lay in the range of (21 ± 4) to (38 ± 13) Bq?L-1 for 226Ra, (9 ± 2) to (15 ± 5) Bq?L-1 for 232Th, and (154 ± 28) to (303 ± 54) Bq?L-1 for 40K. The mean values were 27, 12, and 201 Bq?L-1, respectively. Among oils, variations in radionuclide ac- tivities could be on account of differences in TDS, HCO3, and Ba, with high or low pH. In this environment, oil prop- erties differently affected the mobilization of natural radionuclides. The range of 226Ra variation had been compared with available data from other countries. The calculated absorbed dose rate ranged from 22.33 to 32.66 nGy?h-1 in lo- cation (B) and (E) respectively, which was less than the accepted value.     

Preparation and properties of 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP in in-vitro and in small animals

In this work,TTHMP was synthesized and labelled with 117m Sn.The preparation conditions,stability and lipophilicity of 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP were investigated.Biodistribution of the complex in rabbits and mice was studied.It was found that the quantity of TTHMP and pH value of the prepararion solution had vital effects on the labeling yield of 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP.It was also found that 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP was hydrophilic and stable at room temperature and 37℃ in open air 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP showed unexpectedly high bone uptake and bone-to-blood ratio in the animals.This made it potentially useful as an reagent for skeletal scintigraphy and radiotherapy of bone tumors.     

Gamma radiation levels in the ambient environment of the QNPP Base

Monitoring results of gamma dose rate level in 1992～2004 in the ambient environment of the Qinshan Nuclear Power Plants(QNPP)Base,the northeast of Zhejiang Province,are reported in this paper.It is shown that the gamma dose rate of five monitoring sites of 2.5 km to QNPP Base is 84～113 nGy/h,with an average of 96 nGy/h in the 13 years.The average value is close to the background level of 93 nGy/h prior to operation of the QNPP Base,and is lower than the monitoring result of 101 nGy/h at the reference site in Hangzhou City.Within 50 km from the QNPP Base,the cumulative dose rate of the thermoluminescent dosimeter(TLD)is 90 nGy/h,which is lower than the back- ground level of 111 nGy/h.     

The role of AGFA high-energy CR in the calibration and quality control of multileaf collimators （MLC）

Linear accelerators equipped with multileaf collimators （MLC） are becoming more common and are widely used in the intensity-modulated radiotherapy （IMRT）. There is an imperative need to ensure the commissioning specification of the linear accelerators for the sake of quality assurance （QA） and quality control （QC）. This paper is aimed to investigate the role of AGFA high-energy CR （Computed Radiography） in calibrating dynamic multileaf collimators and evaluating the accuracy of the leaf position. The result shows that AGFA high-energy CR can easily and conveniently be used to calibrate MLC and verify its position. Hence, the application of AGFA high-energy CR is proved to be an accurate and time-saving method for routine MLC QC, especially when MLC calibration adjustments are required.