一种基于DFT的AM信号数字化解调算法

该文提出一种在软件无线电中基于离散傅立叶变换（DFT）算法的幅度调制信号（AM）数字化解调算法,方法是对采样后的数字化AM信号进行带通滤波后,按照每一个（或数个）载波周期内的采样值进行离散傅立叶变换（DFT）,求出载波的幅值,再去掉直流量。与数字化正交解调结构相比,省去了本地载波恢复,两路低通滤波,简单而易于实现。该解调方案的仿真结果表明抗干扰性能也有所明显改善,可望在采用AM信号方式的数字化接收机的设计中得到应用。     

QAM调制技术及其MATLAB仿真

文章首先概述了QAM调制技术的原理,然后重点介绍了QAM调制技术在有线电视系统中的作用和意义,并且对QAM的频道设置和输出进行了说明。文章还利用MATLAB对基于QAM的数字通信系统进行仿真,得到了良好效果的接收星座图和补偿后的星座图、信道估计图、系统BER分析图。仿真结果表明这种通过MATLAB实现的数字通信系统具有较强的可实现性,为实际应用和科学合理地设计正交幅度调制系统,提供了高效的仿真平台。     

基于FPGA的QAM调制器系统实现

提出了一种改进型直接上变频数字电视QAM调制器方案。系统基于FPGA和高速正交调制数模转换芯片。给出了系统硬件设计方案及内部逻辑模块设计方法,讨论了系统实现中的设计难点。实际测试表明该系统达到了预期设计目标。     

Augmented Hammerstein model for the calibration of six‐port based dual band wireless receivers

Two architectures of concurrent dual‐band six‐port‐based receiver (SPR), which are modeled and calibrated using the augmented Hammerstein model (AHM) are proposed for the first time in this article. The receivers are based on six‐port junctions with one or two local oscillators (LO). The proposed single step calibration algorithms achieve the recovery of the two in‐phase (I₁ and I₂) and quadrature (Q₁ and Q₂) components of an RF signal with two frequency components (RF₁ and RF₂). Experimental validations have been performed to verify the performance of the proposed concurrent dual‐band receivers and to test the efficiency of the AHM based calibration algorithms. As a performance metric, the Error Vector Magnitude (EVM) has been measured to compare the transmitted and recovered baseband signals and to evaluate the performance and efficiency of the proposed calibration algorithms for the two receiver topologies. The IQ data has been recovered with EVMs no higher than 2% for the two LOs based receiver excited with a QAM modulated dual‐band RF signal. The single LO based receiver has been tested with a dual‐band LTE signal and the recovered IQ data exhibited EVMs no higher than 4%.     

A compound structure and a single‐step identification procedure for I/Q and DC offset impairments and nonlinear distortion modeling and compensation in wireless transmitters

The nonlinear behavior of power amplifiers (PAs) and the in‐phase/quadrature (I/Q) imbalance in I/Q modulators are considered as the main sources of distortions and impairments in radio frequency transmitters. In this article, a compound structure and a single‐step identification procedure are proposed for the modulator's I/Q imbalance and DC offset and the PAs nonlinearity modeling and compensation of wireless transmitters. In fact, the performance of the digital predistortion technique used for PA linearization is adversely affected by the I/Q modulator's impairments that result mainly from gain/phase imbalance and DC offset. The measurement results reveal the robustness of the proposed model in modeling and linearization of the PA in the presence of I/Q modulator imperfections and show its superiority as compared to the generalized memory polynomial model and the dual‐input polynomial model. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE, 2013.     

OFDM symbol identification by an unsupervised learning system under dynamically changing channel effects

Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) is one of the most successful digital communication techniques. Nevertheless, the decrease in inter-symbol interference in quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) over dispersive channels is still challenging. Different researches recently proposed the idea of using unsupervised learning as an alternative to the classic approaches to equalization of OFDM channels. In those purposes, the identification of a received QAM symbol is possible by the comparison of its position on the in-phase/quadrature (IQ) plane relative to the positions of previously arrived symbols, generally processed by the Kohonen’s Self-Organizing Map (SOM) algorithm. This work presents the SOM unsupervised learning method executed on an embedded system applied to QAM symbols identification. The system is implemented on an FPGA, a configurable digital circuit able to meet the low power and parallel process requirements of mobile applications. Also, in order to extend the classical set of experiments to evaluate our system, this paper proposes a theoretical model of the time-varying scheme representing the transition between different channel characteristics, obtained from real measurements available on a public repository. The model is employed to verify our purpose under dynamically both changing and realistic conditions. On the assumption that it is provided enough IQ symbols for the initial training process, the hardware implementation of SOM is able to track and identify the time-varying distorted QAM constellation. No knowledge of channel characteristics is necessary. The system spends only some microseconds at start-up to reach about 100% performance, and no dedicated training phase is needed afterward.

     

基于FFT频谱校正的全数字QAM解调法

针对QAM相干解调法需严格载波同步的不足,提出一种新的基于FFT频谱校正的全数字QAM解调方案,此方案采用了软件无线电的处理思想,直接在载波频段对QAM信号进行采样,采用FFT频谱校正估计出各码元周期内的载波幅值和初相位来实现信息比特解码。仿真实验证明,此方案方法简单,不仅降低了同步机制要求,而且在FFT长度为8时即可获得接近于传统相干解调法理论下限的误比特率性能。     

Blind carrier recovery for circular QAM using nonlinear least-squares estimation

In this work, a family of blind feedforward nonlinear least-squares (NLS) estimators for joint estimation of the carrier phase and frequency offset of circular quadrature amplitude modulated (QAM) transmissions is introduced. Well-known synchronization techniques are adapted for the circular QAM schemes, and a constellation-dependent optimal matched nonlinear estimator is derived to minimize the asymptotic variance. A computationally efficient approximation to the optimal nonlinearity is introduced and its performance assessed. Finally, computer simulations for various circular QAM transmissions are carried out to show that the proposed estimation technique is competitive with conventional monomial estimators. From the simulation results, conclusions are drawn about selecting the best synchronization method for implementation in actual communication systems.     

参数可调数字式声纳浮标系统的硬件设计

对数字式纳浮标系统的硬件实现方案进行设计,采用软件无线电的设计思想,在实现声纳浮标数据采集、信号处理、无线电通信、自组织组网等功能的基础上,允许用户根据实际应用情况,对声信号监听带宽、监视频率、采样速率、通信模式、通信速率、发射功率等参数进行实时调整与改变。     

A compact six port antenna for better spectrum utilization efficiency in cognitive radio applications

In this article, a novel six port antenna for better spectrum utilization efficiency in cognitive radio (CR) applications is presented. In this six port antenna system, an ultra‐wideband (UWB) sensing antenna and five wideband/narrowband (NB) antennas are integrated on the same substrate in a compact area of 1134 mm² . Antenna associated with port 1, which is meant for sensing, has ?10 dB reflection coefficient bandwidth of 3 to 11 GHz and the antennas associated with ports 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 have ?10 dB reflection coefficient bandwidths of 3.6 to 5.8 GHz (single band), 2.9 to 3.6 GHz and 5.4 to 7.98 GHz (dual band), 7.95 to 8.38 GHz and 9 to 9.85 GHz (dual band), 8.38 to 9 GHz (single band) and 9.7 to 10.7 GHz (single band), respectively. Minimum isolation of 20 dB is attained between UWB sensing antenna and any narrowband/wideband antenna except between the antennas associated with ports 1 and 2 where minimum isolation of 12 dB is achieved over the operating bandwidth of UWB sensing antenna. Moreover, among all wideband/narrowband antennas, isolation of less than 15 dB is achieved. More importantly, the narrowband and wideband antennas meant for communication cover all frequency bands in UWB and a good match between the simulated and measured results is noticed.     

New estimation and compensation method for quadrature modulator and demodulator errors in digital predistortion system

This article proposes a new method to estimate and compensate for the in‐phase and quadrature (IQ) imbalance errors of the quadrature modulator (QM) and demodulator (QDM) without interrupting the transmission. It uses two groups of captured signals, which transmit through two feedback loops with different propagation delays, to separate and estimate the IQ imbalance errors. In comparison with the previous methods, the greatest advantage of the proposed method is that both compensators of the QM and QDM can be obtained without additional feedback loop, and then the digital predistorter can be designed without the disturbance of IQ imbalance errors. This method can improve the compensation performance of digital predistortion with lower costs and less complexity. Experimental results show the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed method. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE, 2012.     

多频带正交频分复用系统的双载波32-QAM调制技术

四相相移键控信号（QPSK）和双载波调制（DCM）是目前使用在由ECMA-368标准所定义的基于多频带正交频分复用技术的超宽带无线电平台中的调制方案。为了传输高速率数据,ECMA-368可提供高达480Mb/s的瞬时比特率给媒体访问控制层。但由于无线电信道存在着不稳定因素致使数据包丢失,从而产生较低的吞吐量。提出一种高数据速率的双载波32-QAM调制方案,适合配置在现行标准的基础上提高系统吞吐量。     

超高频RFID读写器数字接收机设计

针对超高频无源标签返回信号能量差异显著、数据率偏差大的特点,提出一种超高频无线射频识别(RFID)读写器数字接收机的实现方案。采用包含功率估计、数字锁相环同步和差分解码等模块的接收机方案,实现快速准确的接收。该数字接收机经过Matlab仿真验证,在Xilinx Spartan3E平台上实现并测试通过。与常用的多组相关器接收机方案相比,该数字接收机能以更少的硬件资源消耗实现更高性能的接收效果。     

软件无线电中2DPSK数字化解调算法的研究

文章提出了一种在软件无线电中基于离散傅立叶变换（DFT）算法的二进制差分相移键控信号（2DPSK）数字化解调方法，通过对载波周期内的采样值进行DFT来提取相位信息并恢复原始调制信号。文章还给出了软件仿真实现，其结果表明：采用该方法可以正确的实现2DPSK信号的解调，与传统的解调方法相比，不仅解调过程简单，易于实现，计算量小，而且抗干扰性能也得到了明显的改善。将该方法应用于2DPSK信号方式的数字化接收机设计中具有实际的意义。     

适用QAM信号的载波同步与均衡联合算法研究

载波同步和均衡是正交幅度调制(QAM)解调器中的两个重要组成部分。提出了一种适应于QAM信号的通用载波恢复环与自适应均衡的联合结构算法,该算法能够快速地对载波频率、载波相位进行高精度跟踪锁定。在System Generator中对其建模与仿真,仿真结果显示其误码率达到百万分之一,表明算法的性能稳定。通过对算法的简化,减少了硬件资源,同时也保证了接收机的实际性能要求。     

基于DFT的QPSK数字化解调算法研究

对软件无线电中的数字化解调算法进行研究,并提出一种基于离散傅立叶变换(DFT)的四进制相移键控信号(QPSK)数字化解调算法.该算法考虑到实际中接收到的信号波形有过渡区和稳定区之分,通过对稳定区内载波周期的采样值进行离散傅立叶变换(DFT)提取相位信息来恢复原始调制信号.文中给出了软件仿真实现,其结果表明:采用该方法可以正确地实现QPSK信号的解调,与传统的解调方法相比,不仅解调过程简单易于实现,计算量小,而且抗干扰性能也得到了明显改善.若将该方法应用于采用QPSK信号方式的数字化接收机设计中将具有实际的意义.     

光泵磁敏传感器中FPGA调频器设计与实现

射频场调频器是氦光泵磁敏传感器核心驱动部件。模拟压控振荡式调频器存在频率不稳、调试困难和需要高精度测频电路等问题,集成芯片调频器存在控制复杂和功耗高等不足,而FPGA调频器具有频率稳定度高、不需要高精度测频电路和集成在FPGA控制器里的优点。提出氦光泵磁敏传感器数字检测原理和调频器技术指标,阐述FPGA调频器原理并完成设计。调频信号解调实验和扫频式磁共振信号检测实验的结果表明FPGA调频器满足氦光泵磁敏传感器数字化检测要求。     

短波16QAM信号数字解调算法的仿真

该文利用MATLAB平台仿真了短波16QAM信号数字解调中的三个关键模块——定时同步、载波恢复及自适应均衡。短波QAM信号经定时同步提取定时信息,为传输中的码元提供了判决基准并为均衡器提供了时间基准,通过载波恢复可调整信号中存在的频偏和相偏,最后经自适应均衡达到抑制甚至消除码间干扰的目的,恢复出QAM的星座图。该文根据16QAM信号星座图的特点,提出了一种基于COSTAS环简化的载波恢复算法,将该算法与常用的载波恢复算法进行仿真比较,实验结果验证了该算法的有效性及优越性。通过对解调中三个关键模块的仿真,为实现整个解调系统奠定了基础。     

基于FPGA的多通道串口数据采集与传输设计

针对多通道串口数据的采集与传输现实需要,提出了一种基于FPGA的多通道串口数据采集方案。通过对多路串口数据的同时采集、缓冲及打包的数据流处理思想,采用FPAG+多串口+USB的硬件框架及总线不同速率的传输算法,实现了多路串口数据的采集与传输。为了验证设计的有效性,设计了6路串口同时传输的试验方案,最终通过试验满足预期要求,达到多路串口同时采集及传输的目的。     

A novel six‐port circuit based on four quadrature hybrids

A novel six‐port circuit is proposed and demonstrated. The circuit is based on four quadrature hybrids. A prototype circuit is fabricated and characterized with microstrip lines. Reflection coefficients for a few loads are measured with the fabricated circuit to evaluate its performance. The results agree with those from an HP8510C network analyzer reasonably well. Using active inductors and varactors, the six‐port circuit is also designed with a 0.13 μm CMOS process. The simulation results show that the operating frequency is tunable from 1 to 6.8 GHz. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE, 2010.