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1.
    
We propose a crosstalk‐free dual‐view integral imaging display. It is composed of a display panel, a barrier array, and a micro‐lens array. The central barrier is located at the vertical central axes of the display panel and the micro‐lens array to split the element image array and the viewing zone. Moreover, other barriers are located at the margins of the elemental images and corresponding micro‐lenses to eliminate the crosstalk. The lights emitting from the left and right half of the element image array are modulated by the left and right half of the micro‐lens array to reconstruct the right and left viewing zones, respectively. A prototype of the proposed dual‐view integral imaging display is developed, and good experimental results agree well with the theory.  相似文献   

2.
    
Abstract— Stereoscopic and autostereoscopic projection‐display systems use projector arrays to present stereoscopic images, and each projector casts one parallax image of a stereoscopic scene. Because of the position shift of the projectors, the parallax images have geometric deformation, which influences the quality of the displayed stereoscopic images. In order to solve this problem, a method based on homography is proposed. The parallax images are pre‐transformed before they are projected, and then the stereoscopic images without geometric distortion can be obtained. An autostereoscopic projection‐display system is developed to present the images with and without calibration. Experimental results show that this method works effectively.  相似文献   

3.
    
Abstract— An integral floating display (IFD) with a long depth range without floating lens distortion is proposed. Two lenses were used to reduce barrel distortion of the floating lens and three‐dimensional (3‐D) image deformation from object‐dependent longitudinal and lateral magnifications in the floating‐display system, combined with an integral imaging display. The distance between the floating lenses is the sum of their focal lengths. In the proposed configuration, lateral and longitudinal magnifications are constant regardless of the distance of the integrated 3‐D images, so the distortions from the distant‐dependent magnifications of the floating lens do not occur with the proposed method. In addition, the proposed floating system expands the depth range of the integral imaging display. As a result, the display can show a correct 3‐D floating image with a large depth range. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method successfully displays a 3‐D image without floating lens distortions across a large depth range.  相似文献   

4.
    
A metric of the 3D image quality of autostereoscopic displays based on optical measurements is proposed. This metric uses each view's luminance contrast, which is defined as the ratio of maximum luminance at each viewing position to total luminance at that position. Conventional metrics of the autostereoscopic display based on crosstalk, which uses “wanted” and “unwanted” lights. However, in case of the multiple‐views‐type autostereoscopic displays, it is difficult to distinguish exactly which lights are wanted lights and which are unwanted lights. This paper assumes that the wanted light has a maximum luminance at the good stereoscopic viewing position, and the unwanted light also has a maximum luminance at the worst pseudo‐stereoscopic viewing position. By using the maximum luminance that is indexed by view number of the autostereoscopic display, the proposed method enables characterizing stereoscopic viewing conditions without using wanted/unwanted light. A 3D image quality metric called “stereo luminance contrast,” the average of both eyes' contrast, is proposed. The effectiveness of the proposed metric is confirmed by the results of optical measurement analyses of different types of autostereoscopic displays, such as the two‐view, scan‐backlight, multi‐view, and integral.  相似文献   

5.
    
Abstract— Depth‐enhanced integral three‐dimensional (3D) imaging using different optical path lengths by using a polarization selective mirror pair or mirror barrier array is proposed. In the proposed approach, the enhancement of image depth is achieved by repositioning two types of elemental image planes, thus effectively two central depth planes are obtained. One of the two implementation methods makes use of the two‐arm structure that has different optical path lengths and polarization‐selective mirrors. The other utilizes the mirror barrier array. The primary advantage of the method with polarization devices is that we can observe 3D images that maintain some level of viewing resolution with a large depth difference without any mechanical moving part. The mirror barrier array has the advantage of the compact thickness. We demonstrated and verified our proposals experimentally.  相似文献   

6.
    
Abstract— Although there are numerous types of floating‐image display systems which can project three‐dimensional (3‐D) images into real space through a convex lens or a concave mirror, most of them provide only one image plane in space to the observer; therefore, they lack an in‐depth feeling. In order to enhance a real 3‐D feeling of floating images, a multi‐plane floating display is required. In this paper, a novel two‐plane electro‐floating display system using 3‐D integral images is proposed. One plane for the object image is provided by an electro‐floating display system, and the other plane for the background image is provided with the 3‐D integral imaging system. Consequently, the proposed two‐plane electro‐floating display system, having a 3‐D background, can provide floated images in front of background integral images resulting in a different perspective to the observer. To show the usefulness of the proposed system, experiments were carried out and their results are presented. In addition, the prototype was practically implemented and successfully tested.  相似文献   

7.
    
Abstract— The viewing freedom of the reduced‐view super multi‐view (SMV) display was analyzed. It was found that there are separate multiple viewing ranges in the depth direction; thus, a technique that selects an appropriate viewing range to increase the longitudinal viewing freedom has been developed. Pixels of a flat‐panel display viewed by the viewer's eyes through a lenticular lens were determined from three‐dimensional (3‐D) positions of the viewer's eyes, which were obtained using an eye‐tracking system that employed a stereo camera. Parallax images corresponding to the 3‐D positions of the viewer's eyes were generated, which were displayed by the determined pixels. The experimental results show that the proposed technique successfully increased the longitudinal viewing freedom. It is also shown that a video camera was able to focus on the produced SMV images.  相似文献   

8.
    
In this paper, we study distributed rotating consensus in networks of second‐order agents using only local position information in three‐dimensional space. We propose a protocol to make the multi‐agent system finally move together around a common point and present corresponding conditions for rotating consensus of the system. Finally, a numerical example is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

9.
    
Near‐eye light field displays based on integral imaging through a microlens array provide attractive features like ultra‐compact volume and freedom of the vergence‐accommodation conflict to head‐mounted displays with virtual or augmented reality functions. To enable optimal design and analysis of such systems, it is desirable to have a physical model that incorporates all factors that affect the image formation, including diffraction, aberration, defocusing, and pixel size. Therefore, in this study, using the fundamental Huygens‐Fresnel principle and the Arizona eye model with adjustable accommodation, we develop an image formation model that can numerically calculate the retinal light field image with near‐perfect accuracy, and experimentally verify it with a prototype system. Next, based on this model, the visual resolution is analyzed for different field of views (FOVs). As a result, a rapid resolution decay with respect to FOV caused by off‐axis aberration is demonstrated. Finally, resolution variations as a function of image depth are analyzed based on systems with different central depth planes. Significantly, the resolution decay is revealed to plateau when the image depth is large enough, which is different from real‐image type light field displays.  相似文献   

10.
Abstract— A 42‐in. 2‐D/3‐D switchable display operating in a parallax‐barrier‐type system consisting of liquid‐crystal displays (LCDs) has been developed. The system displays 2‐D images in full resolution, without any degradation to the original 2‐D images, and 3‐D autostereoscopic images with resolutions higher than SVGA with wide viewing zones electrically controlled by the parallax‐barrier system. The system is intended for use in public‐information displays (PIDs), a booming field, and as displays for gaming, medical, and simulation applications.  相似文献   

11.
In this paper, we propose an orthographic view image generation method based on integral imaging called multiple elemental image mapping. The proposed method is based on matching regions in multiple elemental images, which are generated with different micro‐lens from the same area of a 3D object. By mapping all the matching regions to the corresponding orthographic view plane, we can enhance the resolution of the generated orthographic view image. Simulation experiments are carried out, and the results show the resolution of orthographic view image is improved obviously.  相似文献   

12.
    
While the viewing angle (VA) is an important parameter of three‐dimensional (3‐D) displays, a method has not yet been devised to determine the VA. We proposed a new approach to determine a VA of an integral imaging display. An integrated point appears at the cross section between collected rays and a lens array; the VA of the integrated point is thus equal to the angle between the two farthest rays. This approach is useful to determine the VA of all 3‐D displays, because a 3‐D point appears in the cross section of collected rays. The result of this study showed that the VA depends on the position of the integrated point and is smaller than the VA of the conventional calculation.  相似文献   

13.
    
Abstract— Moiré‐reduction methods for integral videography displays are proposed. Integral videography is based on the principles of integral photography and extended real‐time video processing. There are two moiré‐reduction methods that can be used for integral videography displays that have a lens array and a liquid‐crystal display. The first is color moiré, and the second is intensity moiré. To reduce color moiré, an optimized color‐filter layout in the liquid‐crystal display was used. To reduce intensity moiré, a defocusing method was used. Adesign of a viewing area for the integral videography display is also presented. To control the viewing area, the lens pitch and the shape of the integral videography elemental image was changed. A 5‐in. integral videography display was implemented by using the proposed methods, and an integral videography display was evaluated.  相似文献   

14.
三维立体显示综述   总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15  
按基本工作原理是否为双目视差将三维立体显示分为两大类。基于双目视差原理的三维立体显示主要有眼镜/头盔式立体显示和光栅式自由立体显示,这类三维立体显示的技术相对成熟并有相应产品;非基于双目视差原理的三维立体显示主要有全息立体显示、集成成像立体显示和体显示等,这类三维立体显示的技术较不成熟,大多没有相应产品。对这些三维立体显示的器件结构、工作原理以及各自的特性进行了阐述。  相似文献   

15.
    
Abstract— As use of handheld thermal‐imaging cameras (TICs) becomes more prevalent in the first‐responder community, it is important that standard test metrics be available to characterize imaging performance. A key performance consideration is the quality of the image presented on the TIC display. This paper focuses on TICs that use liquid‐crystal displays to render an image for the user. Current research on TIC performance for first‐responder applications makes use of trained observers and/or composite‐video‐output‐signal measurements. Trained observer tests are subjective and composite video output tests do not evaluate the performance of the complete imaging system. A non‐destructive objective method was developed that tests the performance of the entire thermal‐imaging system, from the infrared sensor to the display. A thermal target was used to correlate the measured thermal imager composite video output signal with the luminance of the display. A well‐characterized charge‐coupled‐device (CCD) camera and digital recording device were used to measure the display luminance. An electro‐optical transfer function was determined that directly relates the composite video output signal to the luminance of the display, providing a realistic characterization of system performance.  相似文献   

16.
    
Abstract— A multi‐view depth‐fused 3‐D (DFD) display that provides smooth motion parallax for wide viewing angles is proposed. A conventional DFD display consists of a stack of two transparent emitting screens. It can produce motion parallax for small changes in observation angle, but its viewing zone is rather narrow due to the split images it provides in inclined views. On the other hand, even though multi‐view 3‐D displays have a wide viewing angle, motion parallax in them is discrete, depending on the number of views they show. By applying a stacked structure to multi‐view 3‐D displays, a wide‐viewing‐angle 3‐D display with smooth motion parallax was fabricated. Experimental results confirmed the viewing‐zone connection of DFD displays while the calculated results show the feasibility of stacked multi‐view displays.  相似文献   

17.
自由立体显示技术及其发展   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文
自由立体显示技术是指不需佩戴立体眼镜等附属设备的3维立体显示技术.它可分为全息立体技术、3维集成成像技术、体3维显示技术和基于视差的自由立体显示技术.其中体3维显示技术和基于水平视差的自由立体技术发展很快.本文首先论述了静态体3维显示技术和扫射体3维显示技术两类不同的体3维显示技术近几年来的研究进展;然后从所使用的光学光栅类型及复用方法上综述了基于视差的自由立体显示技术的现状和特点;最后对比了体3维显示技术和基于水平视差的自由立体技术优缺点.  相似文献   

18.
物化视图选择的预处理算法   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  
现有的静态物化视图选择算法的视图搜索代价较大,而导致算法的时间复杂度偏高,不能用于对物化视图进行在线动态调整．提出了一种物化视图选择的预处理算法——PMVS,其中包括用户查询集动态调整算法QSDM、候选视图格构造算法CVLC和候选视图筛选算法CVF,该算法可用做预处理过程对视图数量进行在线压缩,从而降低了静态算法的视图空间搜索代价和时间复杂度．理论分析和实验结果表明该算法是有效可行的．  相似文献   

19.
    
The threshold for binocular disparity for which a participant can observe a clear stereoscopic image on a 3D TV using Patterned Retarder technology and polarizing eyeglasses is determined for a viewing distance of 2.5 m. An optotype, the letter “m” with a line thickness of 1.08 mm in the upward or downward direction, was used as the stereoscopic stimulus. Under the measurement conditions of the increase and decrease of binocular disparity of the stereoscopic stimulus, the binocular disparity thresholds for 40 participants were measured for the horizontal direction. Most of the participants were in their twenties. The thresholds were measured to be slightly larger for the condition of increasing binocular disparity compared with the condition of decreasing binocular disparity. Personal differences were measured to be noticeable.  相似文献   

20.
    
Abstract— A method to increase the viewing resolution of an autostereoscopic display without increasing the density of microlenses is proposed. Multiple projectors are used for the projection images to be focused and overlaid on a common plane in the air behind the microlens array. The multiple overlaid projection images yield multiple light spots inside the region of each elemental lenslet of the microlens array. This feature provides scalable high‐resolution images by increasing the number of projectors. Based on the proposed method, a prototype display that includes 15 projectors was designed and built. 3‐D images were successfully reproduced on the prototype display with full parallax and a wide viewing angle of 70°.  相似文献   

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