Hydrotrope Substanzen für die Herstellung flüssiger Waschmittel

Hydrotropic Substances for the Preparation of Liquid Washing Agents The hydrotropic action of short chain alkyl benzenesulfonates was investigated on anion active and non-ionic raw materials for detergents as well as on their combinations containing either or no inorganic salts. In the combinations studied it was found that alkali salts of cumol sulfonate were the best hydrotropic agents. The solubility of the raw materials for washing agents could be improved such that concentrated charges with satisfactory clear-melting point could be prepared. The salting out effect of inorganic salts on aqueous solutions of raw materials for detergents is prevented by alkali-cumol sulfonate.     

Standortplanung für die Herstellung CO2‐basierter Chemikalien am Beispiel der Olefinproduktion

The use of CO₂ as raw material is increasingly gaining in importance as an option for climate protection and as an alternative raw material feedstock. Both direct electrochemical syntheses and thermochemical processes are associated with a high demand for electrical energy. A contribution to climate protection is only possible in the case of low‐carbon power generation, as can be realized, e.g., by wind power or solar energy. This article presents a methodology for identifying suitable sites for the CO₂‐based production of olefins in Germany.     

Low‐Cost‐Membranen für die Vanadium‐Redox‐Flow‐Batterie

Vanadium redox‐flow batteries are a technology that can be used to store fluctuating energies from solar and wind power. In order to reduce the manufacturing costs of the batteries, e.g., cheaper raw materials can be used. By using polystyrene‐based polymers for membrane production, conductivities comparable to perfluorosulfonic acid membranes can be achieved. A way to produce these heterogeneous membranes consisting of disperse and continuous phase is shown.     

Desaktivierung von technischen Silber-Trägerkatalysatoren für die Herstellung von Ethylenoxid

Deactivation of industrial supported silver catalysts for ethylene oxide production. In view of the model character of the reaction and the unique nature of the catalyst system, it is of interest to study the deactivation behaviour of technical supported silver catalysts for the production of ethylene oxide. In the present study the influence of the catalyst components support, silver, promoter and inhibitor upon the deactivation behaviour is described. The results of chemical, physical and technical investigations of various catalysts and catalyst components are presented. The investigations show that a decrease in the surface area of the exposed silver and increased deposition of chloride are responsible for catalyst deactivation. The possible influence of alkali promoters is discussed and modifications to the catalyst which have been described in the literature as influencing the deactivation are also evaluated.     

铸膜液浓度对聚醚砜超滤膜性能的影响

以聚醚砜(PES)为膜材料,聚乙二醇(PEG4000)为添加剂,N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)为溶剂,用溶液相转化法制备了聚醚砜超滤膜.本实验主要研究的是聚醚砜(PES)和聚乙二醇(PEG4000)浓度对膜结构和性能的影响.得出制备聚醚砜超滤膜的最佳条件:PES浓度为15wt％～20wt％,PEG4000浓度为14wt％.     

铸膜液浓度对聚醚砜超滤膜性能的影响

以聚醚砜(PES)为膜材料,聚乙二醇(PEG 4000)为添加剂,N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMA c)为溶剂,用溶液相转化法制备了聚醚砜超滤膜。本实验主要研究的是聚醚砜(PES)和聚乙二醇(PEG 4000)浓度对膜结构和性能的影响。得出制备聚醚砜超滤膜的最佳条件:PES浓度为15w t%~20w t%,PEG 4000浓度为14w t%。