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头屯河水库位于头屯河出山口,受流域洪水特征影响,入库河水中泥沙含量较高,泥沙淤积是水库安全调度运行的一个较难解决的问题。该文对头屯河水库泥沙量和淤积量进行分析,提出合理有效的排沙捡淤措施,并从经济角度对水力排沙进行效益分析。该方法以极少的投入取得了巨大的经济效益,为其他相似水库的排沙清淤在经济上提供了成功的范例。 相似文献
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对头屯河水库各项工程情况、供水要求以及运行方式和淤积规律进行了规律性分析,初步提出了符合头屯河水库现阶段通过高渠水利冲沙、异重流排沙、水利机械清淤等多种排沙方式,制定出周期性汛期排沙,汛末蓄水兴利的运行方式,力争最大限度地发挥头屯河水库水利工程兴利除害的综合功能,对山区水库的排沙减淤和科学合理调度运用有很好的启示作用。 相似文献
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针对巴家嘴水库淤积问题,通过对水库淤积现状及成因进行分析,在水库减淤措施可行性分析的基础上,将3种清淤方法进行对比分析,并在分析泥沙淤积物起动条件的基础上,提出了基流排沙和高渠泄水冲刷相结合的水库清淤措施,可缓解水库淤积问题,恢复水库有效库容,延长其使用寿命。 相似文献
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头屯河水库位于暴雨多发的新疆天山北坡中段,是一座以防洪、灌溉为主,结合城镇生活供水、工业供水等综合利用的中型水库,为天山北坡经济带建设提供重要的水资源保障。头屯河水库为多泥沙河流水库,而且防洪和兴利任务要求高,因此分析头屯河水库库区冲淤及库容变化规律,为保证水库安全运行和促进地区经济具有重要意义。 相似文献
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头屯河水库位于暴雨多发的新疆天山北坡中段,是一座以防洪、灌溉为主,结合城镇生活供水、工业供水等综合利用的中型水库,为天山北坡经济带建设提供重要的水资源保障。头屯河水库为多泥沙河流水库,而且防洪和兴利任务要求高,因此分析头屯河水库库区冲淤及库容变化规律,为保证水库安全运行和促进地区经济具有重要意义。 相似文献
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本文通过对2011~2012年克孜尔水库利用人工辅助排沙工程排沙资料进行分析,得出结论:水库"借助人工辅助排沙工程、汛期降低库水位"调水调沙的运用方式,实现了库区黑孜河库段冲淤基本达到平衡,排沙效果十分理想,发挥了水库的综合利用效益。从而为在多沙河流上修建水库如何解决"减少淤积、保持库容、维持冲淤平衡"的问题提供了借鉴。 相似文献
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冯家山水库是一座位于多沙河流上的大(II)型水库,异重流排沙已较为成功地解决了水库淤积问题。试验通过修建局部坝前水库,观察了异重流在水库模型中的掺混过程及浑水水库的形成过程,并定性地得到了坝前含沙量垂线分布。 相似文献
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石门水库地处陕西省汉中地区,是一座重要的大(二)型水利枢纽,运行30多年,水库泥沙淤积问题非常严重,2002年实测淤积达到3800×104m3,呈三角洲和带状的混合淤积型态,并逐渐向锥体淤积形态发展。本文分析了水库的淤积发展、泥沙来源及综合控制措施,分析研究了汛期利用异重流排沙减缓淤积和定期泄空冲刷恢复库容的可行性,泄空冲刷的时机应在9月中下旬,泄空周期为4~5年。 相似文献
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Flushing time is an integrative parameter that can represent water exchange capacity and sensitivity to pollution threats. As bays formed where tributaries enter the Three Gorges Reservoir of China have experienced frequent algal blooms over the past decade, we examine the spatially variable flushing time of a typical tributary bay (Xiangxi Bay) by numerical tracer experiments. First, the tracer concentration reduction could be approximated well by a double exponential decay curve, and the local flushing time of Xiangxi Bay is determined using key flushing coefficients. Second, a sensitivity analysis is performed to examine the influence of upstream inflow, temperature difference, wind, water level of the reservoir, and daily water level fluctuation on the spatial variation in local flushing time. Finally, according to local flushing time values and the sensitivity analysis results, the bay can be generally characterized by three zones: riverine, transitional, and mainstream‐influenced zones. In particular, the local flushing times in the riverine zone are mainly affected by the upstream inflow. The difference in temperature between the reservoir mainstream and Xiangxi Bay is the main forcing in the transitional and mainstream‐influenced zones. This study is the first to investigate different driving factors for flushing time in a typical reservoir tributary bay. The findings provide insights on the transport processes in such water bodies, suggesting the possibility of using the longitudinal zonation of flushing time for reservoir management. 相似文献
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Construction of dams causes reduced flow velocities, inducing gradual deposition of sediments carried by the inflowing stream, and resulting in sedimentation and ultimately diminishing reservoir storage capacity. This study focuses on sedimentation of Hirakud Reservoir in Odisha, India, using available reservoir capacity and numerical simulation data. Reduced trap efficiency, observed and projected capacity curves, rising reservoir bed level and the capacities of the different storage zones for various projected years are analysed. The area‐reduction method indicates the loss in the live, gross and dead storage will be 58%, 63% and 100%, respectively, of their original capacities by 2057, which represents 100 years of impounding of water in the reservoir. If the present sediment inflow rate continues without regular flushing of the deposited sediment, it is predicted the reservoir bed level will rise to the full reservoir level of 192.02 m by the year 2110. Brune's trap efficiency and step method indicate the gross storage zone of Hirakud Reservoir will be completely depleted by the end of 2110, with the trap efficiency reduced to zero. The empirical area‐reduction method is found to be more suitable for determining the storage capacities of Hirakud Reservoir in the absence of sedimentation survey data. An attempt was also made to solve the combined hydrodynamic and sediment transport equations numerically to predict morphological changes in Hirakud Reservoir. The finite‐element code TELEMAC‐2D and finite‐volume code for SISYPHE, respectively, were applied to solve the above set of equations in order to predict the bed profiles at different reservoir cross sections for the period of 1958–2008. Analysis of the simulated results demonstrates that, considering the model inputs, the model performs well in simulating the morphology and dynamic characteristics of a reservoir. Projection of the numerical results indicates a complete loss of reservoir operational life due to sedimentation by around 2150. 相似文献
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三门峡水库汛期排沙效果研究 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
三门峡水库汛期排沙是解决泥沙淤积问题、控制潼关高程的关键途径。"蓄清排浑"运用以来,非汛期蓄水期库区发生淤积、汛期降低水位运用排泄全年泥沙,基本保持了库区动态冲淤平衡。不同控制水位和入库流量过程存在不同的排沙效果,针对三门峡水库汛期排沙过程的差异,对"蓄清排浑"运用以来汛期排沙特征进行统计,分析了水库敞泄和不同控制水位运用对排沙效果的影响。结果表明,在汛期平水305 m、洪水敞泄的运用条件下,水库排沙具有多来多排的特点,汛期排沙总量与入库含沙量和水量密切相关;完全敞泄时库区冲刷取决于流量大小和敞泄时间,净排沙效率随着水量的增加和敞泄时间的延长而减小,冲刷效率降低;汛期控制运用期,当流量在1000 m3/s以上时、水位在305~311 m也会产生一定的排沙,排沙效果取决于含沙水流在壅水段的滞留时间和出入库流量之比。研究成果可为三门峡水库运用方式的优化提供依据。 相似文献
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针对三峡水库支流库湾春季水华问题,通过建立三维水动力模型,探讨了利用调峰调度和潮汐式调度促进干支流水体交换的可行性。研究表明,当4月水库实施调峰调度时,整个库湾水体的flushing time较常规调度有所缩短,尤其是库湾上游至中上游区域;当5月水库开始实施潮汐式调度时,水体体积较大的库湾下游区域的flushing time较常规调度方案有所缩短。可见,两种水库优化调度方案对增大干支流水体交换均具有可行性。当水库实施调峰调度和潮汐式调度联合调度时,整个库湾水体的平均flushing time较常规调度方案有不同程度的缩短,表明该联合调度方案更能促进干支流水体的交换。研究成果可为支流库湾水环境问题的防治提供借鉴。 相似文献
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三门峡水库开始蓄水运用即出现严重淤积,随后被迫降低运用水位,改为“滞洪排沙”运用。为了进一步减轻库区淤积所产生的危害,采取了“蓄清排浑”的运用方式。进入90年代以后,又进行了汛期泄洪排沙的实验,由于长期冲切河槽,大幅度而且过快地降低库水位,对库区工程、河势等诸方面都程度不同的带来了一定负面效应,给库区沿岸群众的生产、生活带来影响。文中就三门峡水的运用和库区冲淤对河势变化及工程的影响做了分析探讨。 相似文献