并行分区拣货系统储位优化设计

主要讨论配送中心并行分区拣货系统的特性,在各分区拣货员拣货速度不同的情况下,提出储位指派算法,通过对品项在各分区间储位的安排以平衡各分区拣货员的作业量;根据拣货作业规则和优化目标,对相关模型及算法进行模拟测试以证明其有效性,为方法的选择与应用提供了依据。     

基于嵌套遗传算法的拣货作业联合优化

针对物流配送中心拣货作业过程中传统订单分批和拣货路径分步优化难以获得整体最优解的问题，为了提高拣货作业效率，提出了一种基于嵌套遗传算法的订单分批和路径优化的联合拣货策略。首先，建立了以拣货总时间最短为目标函数的订单分批与拣货路径联合优化模型；然后，考虑双重优化的复杂性，设计了一种嵌套遗传算法对模型进行求解，外层不断优化订单分批结果，内层根据外层订单分批结果优化拣货路径。算例结果表明，与传统的订单分步优化、分批分步优化策略相比，所提策略的拣货时间分别减少了45.6%、6%，基于嵌套遗传算法的联合优化模型得出的拣货路径更短、拣货时间更少。为验证该算法对不同规模订单均有较优性能，分别对10、20、50张订单规模的算例进行仿真实验，结果表明，随着订单量的增加，整体拣货距离和时间进一步减少，拣货时间的减少从6%增加到7.2%。基于嵌套遗传算法的拣货作业联合优化模型和其求解算法可以有效解决订单分批与拣货路径联合优化问题，为配送中心拣选系统的优化提供依据。     

基于嵌套遗传算法的拣货作业联合优化

针对物流配送中心拣货作业过程中传统订单分批和拣货路径分步优化难以获得整体最优解的问题，为了提高拣货作业效率，提出了一种基于嵌套遗传算法的订单分批和路径优化的联合拣货策略。首先，建立了以拣货总时间最短为目标函数的订单分批与拣货路径联合优化模型；然后，考虑双重优化的复杂性，设计了一种嵌套遗传算法对模型进行求解，外层不断优化订单分批结果，内层根据外层订单分批结果优化拣货路径。算例结果表明，与传统的订单分步优化、分批分步优化策略相比，所提策略的拣货时间分别减少了45.6%、6%，基于嵌套遗传算法的联合优化模型得出的拣货路径更短、拣货时间更少。为验证该算法对不同规模订单均有较优性能，分别对10、20、50张订单规模的算例进行仿真实验，结果表明，随着订单量的增加，整体拣货距离和时间进一步减少，拣货时间的减少从6%增加到7.2%。基于嵌套遗传算法的拣货作业联合优化模型和其求解算法可以有效解决订单分批与拣货路径联合优化问题，为配送中心拣选系统的优化提供依据。     

跨境电商保税仓库拣货策略研究

针对跨境电商客户订单的多品类且数量不稳定的特点，对跨境电商保税仓库拣货流程进行分析与优化。采用订单动态时间窗分拣策略，并在仓库拣货路径优化的基础上，建立了跨境电商保税仓库拣货模型。最后应用于某公司跨境电商保税仓库管理系统中，取得了较好的预期效果。     

仓储密集区域物流配送点储位分配优化仿真

当前的物流配送点储位分配方法无法对储位与入库站台间的距离实现最优调节,导致传统方法下的货物出库效率偏低.针对密集型仓储区域提出了储位分配优化方法.依照"1～最大储位数"规律对仓库内所有储位编码排序,利用位置信息计算与出入库站台间的距离特征码,按照货物种类的不同,将货架划分为扇形区域.结合储位优化策略,考虑货架自身的稳定...     

动车组检修物料拣选路径优化仿真

动车组检修物料拣选是备料过程的主要耗时环节,拣选路径优化有助于减少拣选时间,提高动车组检修效率。动车组检修物料分批次随机存放在多个储位,即1种物料对应多个储位,现有的拣选路径优化基于1种货物对应1个储位前提,现有方法难以解决该问题。在动车组检修物料仓储布局、物料需求、拣选车最大载量确定的前提下,以拣选路径总长度最短为目标,建立储位选择和路径规划进行整体优化模型,基于模拟退火算法设计求解算法。通过算例验证,与基于就近原则的拣选路径决策方法相比,通过储位选择和拣选路径整体优化,拣选路径能缩短12.5%。     

大型仓储拣货路径优化算法研究

基于RFID的大型仓储,具有仓储规模大、货物精确定位且信息实时反馈,快速无纸化订单传送等特点,使拣货路径优化难度加大,传统的拣货模式无法满足要求.对此,结合蚁群和粒子群算法的优点,给出了蚁群-粒子群优化算法在基于RFID的大型仓储拣货路劲优化中的应用,使“蚂蚁”具有“粒子性”,改进粒子群算法中初始解的选取,蚁群算法中信息素的更新方式,提高了“蚂蚁”和“粒子”的学习能力,避免单个粒子过早收敛和陷入局部最优解的问题.仿真结果表明,算法收敛速度快,寻优能力强,适用于基于RFID大型仓储拣货路径优化.     

不同订单分配和算法下的拣货路径优化组合

针对仓库拣货作业效率低与成本高等问题,运用调度理论和启发式算法展开研究。考虑两种拣取方式下的订单分配情况,分析了京东典型的双区型仓库中存在的问题;运用三元组α/β/γ方法对拣货路径规划问题进行描述,建立最小化总路径的拣货路径规划模型,设计与模型相适应的S型启发算法和遗传算法;进行算例仿真,比较与分析两种拣取方式下的仿真结果。结果显示,将订单分批策略与遗传算法下的路径规划相结合能得到较合理的拣货作业规划。     

基于遗传算法的双区型仓库拣货路径优化研究

拣货作业成本是物流成本的重要组成部分。根据物流配送中心传统双区型仓库拣货路径问题的特点,建立了数学模型,并设计了相应的遗传算法来求解该问题。在算例中,通过与传统穿越策略、S形启发式算法和动态规划方法的比较,结果表明以遗传算法优化拣货路径问题,可以明显减少拣货路径的距离及拣货作业时间,具有良好的实用性。     

仓储系统拣货路径规划问题的研究

本文针对仓储系统的拣货路径规划问题展开研究.以拣货路径长度和拣货时间为评价指标,分别采用蚁群算法、遗传算法、禁忌搜索算法、模拟退火算法进行对比研究.把仓库内拣货路径规划问题转化为转换为N=M+1的TSP问题.经MATLAB仿真研究,获得最短路径和适应度进化曲线.经实验测试发现了当拣货数量较多即N值偏大时,蚁群算法得到的...     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.