Hexaglide并联机床工作空间研究

对一种Hexaglide并联机床进行了工作空间分析。考虑了连杆干涉、杆长以及关节运动副转角限制,以及并联机床的奇异位形对工作空间的影响,采用函数求导的方法求出了相邻连杆中心线的最短距离,缩短了干涉检查的计算时间,并采用matlab软件对并联机床工作空间进行了绘制。     

并联机床电主轴干涉校验

具有空间复杂曲面加工能力的六轴联动的并联机床 ,动平台倾斜角一般应在左右 ,甚至更大。在动平台中心安装上电主轴后 ,由于动平台倾斜角的原因 ,在并联机床理论工作空间内 ,电主轴与 6根变长驱动杆之间可能会发生干涉 ,而且电主轴尺寸的不同 ,干涉发生范围也不同。本文讨论了电主轴与 6根驱动杆之间干涉计算问题 ,给出了干涉校验计算方法和公式 ,并用MATL AB5 .2软件设计了运行程序 ,这对已制造的并联机床 ,可作干涉校验 ,确定工作空间内电主轴的结构尺寸 ,或根据新的电主轴尺寸重新确定机床工作空间 ;对新的设计 ,先选定电主轴后 ,其尺寸参数 ,可作为干涉约束条件 ,可计算得到无电主轴干涉的并联机床设计参数     

Stewart平台式并联机床的干涉计算

并联机床是一种特殊的机床,类机器人的并联结构使得机床的干涉问题相对突出。为此对并联机床的干涉问题进行了分类,针对两类干涉问题。分别讨论了进行干涉计算及检验的方法,并给出了并联机床中连杆与连杆、连杆与主轴电机不发生干涉的条件,以及两种常用铰链不发生干涉的条件。     

3-TPS(RRR)并联机床设计中的干涉分析

介绍了一种3-TPS(RRR)并联机床,对该机床平行约束机构的构件间、平行约束机构和并联机构间的干涉进行了详细分析,给出了相关构件间干涉判别的计算公式。通过对该机床虚拟样机的干涉检查,验证了干涉判别计算公式的正确性。这些判别公式为该机床原型样机的设计提供了依据。     

虚拟环境下并联机床的参数化建模与干涉校验

以Stewart型并联机床为对象，在虚拟环境下进行了样机零部件的参数化设计和装配。通过分析并联机床工作空间，建立了描述样机不发生干涉工作空间的新的数学模型，实现了工作空间计算的参数化和三维仿真。研究了刀具运动轨迹的快速干涉校验和机床加工运动过程的适时三维动态仿真。     

6-UPS并联机器人奇异姿态空间分析

对并联机器人的工作空间和奇异位形进行分析。采用分支杆许用驱动力作为并联机构奇异空间边界的判断依据,提出临界奇异和奇异空间的概念。在给出一种姿态空间描述方法的基础上,提出了一种姿态工作空间和奇异姿态空间的求解算法。通过计算机仿真,得到了6-UPS并联机器人的姿态工作空间和奇异姿态空间的可视化图形描述。     

一种新型6-PRRS并联机器人工作空间分析

基于运动学逆解求取了并联机器人理论工作空间,在此基础上通过判断杆件间的干涉情况、虎克铰转角情况、杆件与运动平台之间的干涉关系修正了工作空间,获得了实际工作空间.通过上述方法计算得到的6-PRRS并联机器人工作空间具有较好的实用性.     

并联机床工作空间快速校验与仿真

根据并联机床工作空间的定义及几何约束条件 ,提出了工作空间快速定位校验算法和许用平台倾角[β]x ,y ,z 的概念 ,论述了用许用平台倾角 [β]x ,y,z 组成的工作空间文件描述并联机床不发生干涉的工作空间的思想。在此理论基础上 ,利用VC6 .0开发了并联机床刀具轨迹干涉校验模块 ,该模块实现了对UG的CAM模块产生的刀具路径进行快速校验的功能。同时 ,应用OpenGL ,实现了对并联机床工作空间和机床加工运动过程的三维仿真     

并联机构工作空间与奇异位形综合研究

用矢量分析和几何分析的方法建立了平面3自由度并联机构工作空间的几何形状与结构参数的解析关系。将并联机构的奇异位形分为关节空间奇异和操作空间奇异,根据机构速度关系矩阵的特征,找出了机构全部的奇异位形,给出各种奇异位形的几何意义,得到极其简明的奇异位形的解析条件。采用MATLAB实例仿真,得到各类奇异位形在工作空间的轨迹和分布特征,提出确定机构无奇异位形最大工作空间的方法。     

内铣式并联机床运动空间干涉分析

通过对内铣式并联机床进行结构设计，运用Pro／Engineer2000i2进行三维造型，以Matlah5．3为编程工具，分析了其在运动过程中可能产生的各种干涉情况。并利用并联机床逆解及中心轨迹法建立起构件之间干涉的数学模型，最后讨论了干涉对工作空间的影响。这些工作为并联结构系列化设计提供了理论依据，并对并联机床的运动分析、运动控制参量求解都有直接的意义。     

一种两自由度平面并联机构的运动学分析

针对一种两自由度平面并联机构,利用Catia建立了该机构的三位立体模型,对其进行了运动学的正反解分析,在此基础上利用Maple对该机构的工作空间进行了讨论,研究了机构各个参数对工作空间的影响,并且给出了该机构的奇异点,为其进一步实际应用奠定基础.     

3SPS-3PRS并联机构构型分岔特性

作为轴对称矢量喷管转向控制驱动机构的Gough-Stewart类并联机构,主要工作在奇异位置状态.在该位置,驱动平台能够获得一个绕其法线的自由转动,导致转向控制驱动机构的运动具有不确定性.为此,采用少自由度3SPS-3PRS并联机构限制该自由转动,通过对少自由度3SPS-3PRS并联机构的分岔特性研究发现,该并联机构存在尺度极限奇异位置,且输入参数的取值对由尺度极限奇异位置决定的并联机构的工作空间影响较大.对于给定的矢量状态要求,3SPS-3PRS并联机构的输入参数变化范围有可能超出由尺度极限奇异位置确定的工作空间,导致3PRS运动链产生较大的约束内应力,同时并联机构的工作空间跨越奇异位置使得动平台在通过奇异位置后的构型具有不确定性,因此该并联机构的运动奇异性问题依然存在.     

Geometric condition of 3UPS-S parallel mechanism in singular configuration

The existing researches on singularity of parallel mechanism are mostly limited to the property and regularity of singularity locus and there is no further research into the geometric relationship between uncontrolled kinematic screw and parallel mechanism in singularity. A 3UPS-S parallel mechanism is presented which fulfils 3-DOF in rotation. The regularity of nutation angle singularity is analyzed based on the Jacobian matrix, and the singularity surface of 3UPS-S parallel mechanisms is obtained. By applying the concept of reciprocal product in screw theory, the singular kinematic screw is derived when 3UPS-S parallel mechanism is in singularity. The geometric relationship between singular kinematic screw and singular configuration of 3UPS-S parallel mechanism is investigated by using programs in MATLAB. It is revealed that there are two kinds of situation. Firstly, the three limbs of 3UPS-S parallel mechanism intersect the singular kinematic screw in space simultaneously; Secondly, two limbs cross the singular kinematic screw while the third limb parallels with that screw. It is concluded that the nutation angle singularity of 3UPS-S parallel mechanism belongs to the singular linear complexes. This paper sheds light into and clarifies the geometric relationship between singular kinematic screw and singular configuration of 3UPS-S parallel mechanism.     

一种求解复杂平面机构奇异位置的分析图解法

提出了复杂多环路平面机的奇异位置分析的一种简明的分析图解方法,即先将机的分解为基本运动链,再导出基本运动链的奇异性条件,后由其相应的奇异几何图形,解出其机构的奇异位置。揭示了机构奇异分析的三个重要结论。还给出了任意复杂多环路平面机构可能产生奇异位置的上限计算公式。最后举例说明了一个双环复杂机构的奇异位置求解过程,此外提出的方法可推广至空间机构的奇异性分析。     

A novel methodology to study the singularity of spatial parallel mechanisms

In this paper, a novel methodology to study the singularity of spatial parallel mechanisms is presented. With the theory of reciprocal screws, we make a thorough analysis of the kinematic screws of each branch mechanism. According to the physical meaning of the inverse screws of kinematic screws, we introduce the static equilibrium equations to gain a novel methodology to study the singularities of the dynamic mechanisms. Through the novel methodology, we obtain universal criteria that the mechanism will be singular.     

Computational model for the control, performance evaluation, and calibration of a parallel mechanism

This paper presents a computational model that defines a methodology for the control, performance evaluation, and calibration of a parallel mechanism by means of the kinematic model, the kinematic parameter identification, and the control of the system actuators and sensors. The developed software has special relevance to the calibration of parallel mechanisms, allowing us to perform the system control, performance evaluation, and mechanism calibration in a single application. Parallel computing techniques are used to overcome the high computational cost involved with solving complex nonlinear kinematic models and parameter identification, obtaining a significant computational cost saving. Finally, the developed procedure is validated, obtaining an important improvement in the accuracy of the mechanism. This methodology can be used in mechanisms for metrology applications and machine tool processes.     

Self-locking analysis in closed kinematic chains

Self-locking analysis in closed kinematic chains is sometimes likened to kinematic singularity analysis, especially when mechanisms are characterized by more than one degree of freedom. Although in singular configurations a mechanism is obviously locked-up since joint constraint reactions and friction forces rise to infinity, this approach identifies only a condition sufficient for self-locking, while the phenomenon actually occurs in a larger domain, the size of which depends on the values of friction coefficients.The paper proposes a definition of self-locking for multi degrees of freedom mechanisms and presents an algorithm for computing the geometrical locus that corresponds to a specific self-locking configuration. This methodology is then demonstrated on a simple parallel kinematic mechanism with two degrees of freedom.     

Singularity analysis of 5-RPUR parallel mechanisms (3T2R)

Singularities of parallel mechanisms are related to the regularity of certain Jacobian matrices whose rank deficiency makes the mechanisms lose their inherent rigidity. This paper presents the results of a detailed investigation of the singular configurations of 5-degree-of-freedom parallel mechanisms performing all three translations and two independent rotations. The general architecture of the mechanism—arising from the type synthesis of symmetrical 5-degree-of-freedom parallel mechanisms—is comprised of a mobile platform attached to a base through five identical revolute–prismatic–universal revolute-jointed serial kinematic chains. From the results of screw theory, it is demonstrated that the Jacobian matrix of the above mechanism is constituted by six Plücker lines, a special case of Grassmann coordinates. This channels us to use the so-called Grassmann line geometry instead of applying a classical linear algebra approach. Grassmann line geometry can be regarded as a classification of the degeneration of the Plücker line set. Moreover, six simplified designs are proposed for which their singular configurations can be predicted by means of the Grassmann line geometry. The principles of this study can also be applied to other types of symmetrical 5-degree-of-freedom parallel mechanisms.     

Force transmission analyses with dimensionally homogeneous Jacobian matrices for parallel manipulators

To avoid the unit inconsistency problem in the conventional Jacobian matrix, new formulation of a dimensionally homogeneous inverse Jacobian matrix for parallel manipulators with a planar mobile platform by using three end-effector points was presented (Kim and Ryu, 2003). This paper presents force relationships between joint forces and Cartesian forces at the three End-Effector points. The derived force relationships can then be used for analyses of the input/output force transmission. These analyses, forward and inverse force transmission analyses, depend on the singular values of the derived unit consistent Jacobian matrix. Using the proposed force relationship, a numerical example is presented for actuator size design of a 3-RRR planar parallel manipulator.     

A flexure-based mechanism and control methodology for ultra-precision turning operation

This paper presents the methodology for modeling and control of a high precision flexure-based mechanism for ultra-precision turning operation. A high performance piezoelectric actuator is used to driven the flexure-based mechanism. A parallel flexure hinge mechanism is utilized to guide the moving platform and to preload the piezoelectric actuator. A high resolution capacitive sensor is used to measure the displacement of the flexure-based mechanism for closed-loop control. With consideration of the driving circuit, the dynamic model of the flexure-based mechanism has been established. The effect of the driving circuit on the dynamic response of the precision mechanism is investigated. Experimental tests have been carried out to verify the established model and the performance of the flexure-based mechanism.