离子交换法净化InCl3电解液的研究

研究离子交换法净化InCl3电解液的工艺.结果表明,采用717型强碱性阴离子交换树脂净化InCl3电解液,最佳工艺条件为铟浓度为50～100g/L,盐酸浓度为0.1mol/L,空间流速为1m3/m3·h.净化后InCl3电解液纯度达99.96%左右.     

TBP萃取铋电解液中的锑

研究用TBP从铋电解液中萃取分离锑铋,考察了溶液中锑铋以单组分存在时,初始水相酸度、TBP浓度和相比对锑铋萃取分离的影响,绘制了锑铋的萃取等温线。结果表明,有机相组成为25%TBP-7%辛醇-磺化煤油,初始水相酸度为6 mol/L,萃取相比O/A=1∶1时,锑的萃取分配比最大,铋的分配比较小。对于实际铋电解液中萃取分离锑铋,铋电解液盐酸浓度为4 mol/L,相比O/A=1∶1,有机相组成为25%TBP-7%辛醇-磺化煤油时,锑的萃取率为65%;经过3级逆流萃取,锑的萃取率达94.2%。     

碱熔预脱杂-氯盐电解脱除粗锑中杂质富集金新工艺

针对现有粗锑精炼工艺存在能耗高、锑金分离效果差和环境污染严重等问题,根据粗锑组元标准电极电位差异,提出“碱熔预除杂—氯盐体系电解”精炼新工艺。结果表明：粗锑添加2%碳酸钠、3%粉煤,在850 ℃下熔化除杂30 min,浇铸得到的锑阳极板As含量降低至0.07%,而后以NaCl ~150 g/L、盐酸 ~40 g/L、Sb3+ ~40 g/L为电解液,在电流密度200 A/m2、电解液酸度（游离酸浓度）40 g/L和电解温度45 ℃优化工艺条件下电解,得到的阴极锑满足标准GB/T1599-2014（Sb 99.70）质量要求,富金阳极泥Au含量达7 076 g/t。实现了粗锑的综合回收,产品附加值显著增加。     

从铜阳极泥分锑富集物中浸出锑的机理研究

针对铜阳极泥中难处理的分锑富集物,提出了Na2S-NaOH联合法一步浸出,使Sb大部分被浸出。在Na_2S浓度为165 g/L、NaOH浓度为30 g/L、液固比为5∶1、温度为85℃、反应时间1.5 h的条件下,锑的浸出率达到96.13%、渣率为30.75%。其活化能(E)为47.86 kJ/mol,反应过程为化学反应控制。     

高砷锑烟尘浸出毒性研究

为了评价高砷锑烟尘对环境的影响,模拟酸雨、淡水、盐碱地等自然环境,采用去离子水、硫酸-硝酸混合溶液、醋酸缓冲溶液、NaOH溶液(pH=10、pH=11、pH=13)6种浸出剂测定了As、Sb的浸出毒性。结果表明,浸出温度20 ℃时,在去离子水、硫酸-硝酸、醋酸和NaOH体系中As最低浓度分别为1.66、1.62、0.82和1.59 g/L,最高浓度分别为2.13、2.11、1.13和2.77 g/L;Sb最低浓度分别为2.65、2.36、0.41和0.53 g/L,最高浓度分别为2.96、2.68、0.72和2.98 g/L。随着浸出温度升高,浸出液中As、Sb浓度更大。     

铁改性凹凸棒土（IMA）吸附去除Sb（Ⅲ）性能研究

锑是一种有毒元素,对生物有机体有致癌性。我国锑矿区周围水体中锑含量远高于生活饮用水标准中规定的限定值。为寻求低成本处理含Sb（Ⅲ）废水的有效方法,采用FeCl3·6H2O溶液改性后的凹凸棒土为吸附剂,以K（SbO）C4H4O6·1/2H2O为Sb（Ⅲ）锑源,进行锑吸附试验,考察IMA载铁量、吸附时间和Sb（Ⅲ）初始浓度对吸附量的影响。结果表明：改性后凹凸棒土的XRD图谱中出现了羟基氧化铁（FeOOH）的特征峰;改性后凹凸棒土表面更加粗糙,比表面积增加了17%;凹凸棒土是FeOOH的优良载体;在Sb（Ⅲ）初始浓度为150 mg/L、吸附时间为720 min的条件下,IMA50对Sb（Ⅲ）的吸附量为18.51 mg/g,是天然凹凸棒土对Sb（Ⅲ）吸附量的14.9倍;IMA对Sb（Ⅲ）的吸附量随着载铁量的增加而增大,增大幅度逐渐变小;Elovich模型能较好地反映吸附动力学过程;吸附过程符合Langmuir等温模型,最大吸附量可达20.19 mg/g。对IMA50吸附Sb（Ⅲ）前后进行红外光谱分析表明,FeOOH特征吸收峰和Fe-O振动峰均向高波数方向偏移,Sb（Ⅲ）与羟基氧化铁之间发生了化学反应。试验结果对低成本处理含Sb（Ⅲ）废水有一定的指导价值。     

淋萃流程在内蒙某地浸矿山的应用研究

以内蒙某酸法地浸铀矿山生产实际为例,研究了以P204为萃取剂、TBP为改良剂从硫酸淋洗合格液中萃取六价铀的"淋萃流程"。试验考察了萃取剂和改良剂的体积分数、接触时间、相比、水相pH等因素对萃取铀的影响;对比了Na_2CO_3、NaOH+Na_2CO_3反萃取剂适用性,明确了现场灵活运行条件。结果表明:5%P204+10%TBP+磺化煤油组成的有机相完全能够满足酸法地浸淋萃工艺的生产需要,贫有机相中铀质量浓度≤100 mg/L,萃余水铀质量浓度≤10 mg/L;Na_2CO_3、NaOH+Na_2CO_3均可作为反萃取剂进行反萃取,且根据现场试验及生产需求,可灵活调整萃取一反萃取运行级数,工艺参数可控。     

电镀污泥中铜的浸出和溶剂萃取回收研究

采用硫酸浸出-萃取-反萃工艺流程回收电镀污泥中的铜。运用MATLAB拟合了1 mol/L硫酸体系中铜的浸出动力学模型,表明该浸出过程为扩散和表面反应共同控制。在硫酸浓度1 mol/L、液固比15∶1条件下浸出10 min,铜浸出率达到90%。采用萃取-反萃取的方式回收浸出液中的Cu²⁺,以Mextral^® 984H为萃取剂、Mextral^® DT100为稀释剂,在溶液pH=2、萃取时间30 min、O/L相比1∶1、萃取剂浓度10%条件下萃取,铜萃取率可达99%;O/L相比1∶1、反萃取时间30 min,用25%的硫酸溶液进行反萃取,铜反萃取率可达95%。此工艺流程铜总回收率可达85%,实现了铜的高效回收。     

铅阳极泥碱性浸出锑、铋研究

以NaOH-甘油为浸出剂对铅阳极泥中Sb、Bi进行浸出实验研究。分别考查了甘油和氢氧化钠浓度、浸出温度、浸出时间、浸出液固比等因素对浸出效果的影响, 确定了用NaOH和甘油浸出铅阳极泥中Sb、Bi的最佳实验条件为: 氢氧化钠浓度250 g/L、甘油浓度250 g/L、浸出温度80 ℃、液固比5∶1、浸出时间2 h。此条件下Sb和Bi浸出率分别达82.5%和84.15%;贵金属Au、Ag的富集率分别高达139.8%和122.7%, 损失率低于1%。     

溶剂萃取分离钍和稀土元素最佳工艺条件的确定

M.Eskandari Nasab等人在《Hydrometallurgy》2011年106卷第(3/4)期发表文章,介绍对溶剂萃取分离钍和稀土元素最佳工艺条件确定的研究结果。为了确定最佳分离条件,作者分别研究了钍、某些稀土元素(包括镧、铈和钇)及铁的溶剂萃取,Cy-anex272、Cyanex302和TBP(HA)作为萃取剂,3种酸的浓度为0.01~5 mol/L,用Taguchi方法研究     

Current situation and future trend of China rare earth luminescent material industry

<正>Rare earth luminescent material is one of the most important application sectors of rare earths.China enjoys the exceptional advantage to develop rare earth luminescent material for its abundant rare earth resources.After several decades'endeavor,China's rare earth luminescent material industry,headed by rare earth phosphor for lamp and LED and high efficient rare earth energy-saving light source,has been gradually developed into a scale industry.China has become a major production base of rare earth phosphor for lamps and rare earth     

China rare earth market review

正June 1~10,2014Rare earth market remained weak.Quoted price of rare earth products was similar to that in May.There was no sign of recovery in downstream market.The market of NdFeB magnetic materials and phosphor was depressed.Catalyst,polishing powder and ceramic industries remained inactive.Demand from downstream industry was soft.Consumers purchased on their needs.Suppliers had strong intention to sell.Prices of rare earth products     

Annual Report analysis of Chinese rare earth-related listed companies in 2013

<正>Chinese rare earth-related listed companies have published their 2013 annual reports.It can be understood from their reports that production and operation activities of Chinese rare earth-related companies were still heavily affected by macro economy and industrial policies.They basically followed the steps of national economy.In 2013,world economy recovered slowly but the economy     

Market opportunities and challenges for rare earth polishing powder

正1.Status of rare earth polishing powder Rare earth polishing powder with high content of cerium oxide began to replace iron oxide for glass polishing and became one of the key materials in glass polishing process since 1940.Compared with traditional iron oxide,rare earth polishing powder has many advantages,such as fast polishing rate,high polishing quality and long service life.It can achieve good surface quality and improve operation conditions.For example,in lens polishing,the polishing work that cerium     

Baotou Research Institute of Rare Earths developed a new RE alloy preparation technology

正Pyrometallurgy Laboratory of Baotou Research Institute of Rare Earths had independently developed a new preparation technology of rare earth alloy for NdFeB.The alloy can remarkably enhance the coercivity of NdFeB magnet but also evidently reduce the production cost of the magnet.The new master alloy was prepared in the kA pilot-scale electrolytic cell by the independent technology.The rare earth master alloy can be used as the raw material for NdFeB.Compared     

矿用防爆轴流对旋主要通风机叶片ANSYS模态分析及应用

高效节能矿用防爆对旋主要通风机的叶片是主要通风机运行的关键部件,叶片在运行时不断受到气流的作用力,从而使叶片产生振动,当叶片振动的频率与叶片的固有频率接近时,容易产生共振从而导致叶片的断裂。一旦叶片断裂时,对主要通风机的安全运行产生致命的影响,从而导致矿山、化工等企业发生重大事故,将会产生不可估量的损失。基于有限元分析软件ANSYS,对高效节能矿用防爆轴流对旋主要通风机叶片进行模态分析及产生对应的六阶模态频率,对主要通风机叶片的运行频率、固有频率及产生的共振问题进行了原理分析,并且解决了叶片频率共振的问题,从而为主要通风机叶片结构设计提供理论依据,并对主要通风机叶片的安全运行提供保障。     

2013 NdFeB export analysis

<正>China totally exported nearly 24,000 tonsof NdFeB products during 201 3,including 18,825 tons of permanent magnet,valued USD 1.34 billion at an average price of 71.4 USD/kg;3,277 tons of NdFeB magnetic powder,valued USD 1 01 million at an average price of 30.9 USD/kg;1,334 tons of strip casting ribbon,with total export value of USD 74million at an average price of 55.3 USD/kg;and 586     

Market and recycling of NiMH battery

<正>Market status and future trend of NiMH battery1.Global market of small NiMH battery Global market size of small NiMH batteries declined year on year since 2011.The trend will continue to 2018,at the rate of 5%to 10%annually.Demand for small NiMH batteries will be stable gradually.Many electrical apparatuses are powered by the built-in lithium battery today,which is the main reason for the shrunk market of small NiMH batteries.But,for some products,small NiMH     

China rare earth market review

正September 1-10,2014 Affected by the National Day holiday,rare earth transaction was stagnant and the market showed a weak steady state.As there was no good news for downstream market,some products with flat demand would likely rally slightly for some time to     

唐口煤矿深部复杂开采工作面瓦斯分源涌出规律研究

研究工作面瓦斯涌出规律对工作面瓦斯治理有重要意义。为了得到唐口煤矿深部3号煤层复杂开采条件下工作面回采时期瓦斯涌出时空演化规律,选取6304工作面作为对象,采用实测方法研究6304工作面瓦斯涌出规律。结果表明:6304工作面瓦斯涌出量为6.534 m³/min,其中煤壁占34.27%,落煤占29.62%,采空区占36.11%;沿工作面倾向由低到高,瓦斯浓度整体为上升趋势,其中1—76号架工作面瓦斯浓度小于0.20%,76—102号架瓦斯浓度上升明显,最大为0.387%;上隅角的后部采空区是工作面的瓦斯主要涌出源,上隅角1号测点瓦斯浓度0.78%,上隅角周边3号、5号、7号、8号、9号测点瓦斯浓度平均为0.643%;周期来压时,上隅角瓦斯相对平时较高。研究为针对性的瓦斯分源监控与灾害防治提供基础。