共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
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高伟杰 《合成材料老化与应用》2019,48(5)
介绍了阻燃性聚氯乙烯在建筑工程领域中的应用,并对近年来阻燃聚氯乙烯材料的研究进展进行了综述。通常聚氯乙烯是通过掺杂方法进行阻燃改性,而常用阻燃剂主要有无机阻燃剂和有机阻燃剂两类。无机阻燃剂阻燃效果明显,但与聚氯乙烯相容性较差;有机阻燃剂与聚氯乙烯相容性好,但阻燃改性效果不如无机阻燃剂明显。若利用多种阻燃剂复配,则能够利用不同阻燃剂之间的协同作用,有效提高聚氯乙烯的阻燃性能。 相似文献
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主要介绍了无机阻燃剂、有机阻燃剂和复合型阻燃剂改性的聚氯乙烯(PVC),以及这些阻燃剂对PVC阻燃性能的影响。其中无机阻燃剂的阻燃效果最为明显,不过消烟效果较差;有机阻燃剂消烟效果较为明显,但阻燃能力不如无机阻燃剂;复合型阻燃剂兼具有机/无机阻燃剂的优点,或具有多种无机阻燃剂的优点,一般既具有较强的阻燃能力,又具有较为显著的消烟效果,是未来PVC用阻燃剂的发展方向。 相似文献
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介绍了无机类阻燃剂的种类及其阻燃机理、特点,分析了各自存在的问题,以及无机阻燃剂在国内外的应用研究现状,对今后无机阻燃剂的研究与应用方向提出了建议。涉及的阻燃剂包括氢氧化铝、氢氧化镁、无机磷系、锑系、硼酸盐、氮系、无机硅系和钼类化合物。 相似文献
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无卤阻燃LLDPE/PDMS共混物的研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
采用高乙烯基含量硅橡胶(PDMS)与线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)进行熔融共混,并添加阻燃母料,制得LLDPE/PDMS阻燃共混物;研究了无机阻燃剂和PDMS用量对共混物力学性能、阻燃性能的影响以及无机阻燃剂与PDMS的协同阻燃性;同时初步探讨了两者的协同阻燃机理。结果表明:采用添加母料和添加PDMS的方法,提高了无机阻燃剂在基体树脂中的分散性,降低了无机阻燃剂对材料力学性能的破坏,同时提高了无机阻燃剂的阻燃效果;同时添加2 0 %无机阻燃剂与1 0 %PDMS ,共混物的氧指数达到2 8% ,拉伸强度约1 3MPa ,断裂伸长率约4 70 % ;PDMS与无机阻燃剂具有较好的协同阻燃性。 相似文献
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《无机化工信息》2006,(1):27-29
添加阻燃剂对高分子材料进行阻燃处理,可以阻止材料燃烧或者延缓火势的蔓延。按照化学组成,阻燃剂可分为无机阻燃剂和有机阻燃剂。目前来看,一般价格最高的是含卤阻燃剂,但其阻燃效率高、用量少,如溴系阻燃剂一般只需填充18%-20%。无机水合物类最便宜,但其吸热量小于高分子材料的燃烧热,为了达到理想的阻燃效果,必须有较大的填充量。有报告称,性价比最高的阻燃剂是含卤阻燃剂和Mg(OH)2类无机氢氧化物阻燃剂。含卤阻燃剂燃烧时往往会放出有毒或有腐蚀性的气体,存在一定的风险。无机阻燃剂主要包括锑系、铝系、磷系、硼系等。无机阻燃剂的最大优点是低毒、低烟或抑烟、低腐蚀,而且价格低廉。目前,国内外研究和应用较多的新型无机阻燃剂,主要是氢氧化镁和氢氧化铝及五氧化二锑等,尤以氢氧化镁最为重要。 相似文献
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Addition of plasticizers to poly(vinyl chloride) generally increases its flammability and frequently increases smoke production during its burning. Flame retardants added to plasticized PVC can reduce flammability, but increase smoke production. This study shows that proper choice of combined use of other polymers, phosphate plasticizers, fillers and other flame retardants, produces measured synergistic improvements in flame retardance and smoke suppression which could benefit applications such as PVC wire and cable insulation. 相似文献
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软质聚氯乙烯用阻燃剂 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
主要综述了软质聚氯乙烯常用的阻燃剂体系,重点介绍了阻燃增塑剂、金属化合物阻燃剂、无机物单质阻燃剂、无机填料阻燃剂、含卤聚合物阻燃剂以及有机化合物阻燃剂在软质聚氯乙烯中的使用情况。 相似文献
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综述了高分子材料无卤阻燃剂的种类和阻燃机理;重点介绍了无机物阻燃剂、无卤膨胀型阻燃剂、有机硅阻燃剂等无卤阻燃剂的开发以及在高分子材料中的应用研究现状;并对无卤阻燃剂的发展方向进行了展望。 相似文献
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综述了高分子材料无卤阻燃剂的种类和阻燃机理,重点介绍了无机物阻燃剂、无卤膨胀型阻燃剂、有机硅阻燃剂等无卤阻燃剂的开发和在高分子材料中的应用研究现状并,对无卤阻燃剂的发展方向进行了展望。 相似文献
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Properties of poly(vinyl chloride) incorporated with a novel soybean oil based secondary plasticizer containing a flame retardant group
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A novel bio‐based plasticizer containing flame retardant groups based on soybean oil (SOPE) was synthesized from epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) and diethyl phosphate through a ring‐opening reaction. PVC blends plasticized with ESO and SOPE were prepared, respectively. Properties including rheological behavior, thermal stability, flame retardant performance, mechanical properties of PVC plasticized with ESO and SOPE were carefully studied. The results showed that the plasticized PVC blends indicated better compatibility, thermal, and mechanical properties. As a novel bio‐based plasticizer containing flame retardant groups, the TGA data indicated that the thermal degradation temperature of PVC blends plasticized with SOPE could reach to 275.5°C. LOI tests and SEM indicated that the LOI value of PVC blends could increase from 24.2 to 33.6%, the flame retardant performance of SOPE was put into effect by promoting polymer carbonization and forming a consolidated and thick flame retardant coating quickly, which is effective to prohibit the heat flux and air incursion. The enhancement in flame retardancy will expand the application range of PVC materials plasticized with SOPE. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 42111. 相似文献
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The flame‐retardant and smoke‐suppressant properties of inorganic tin compounds such as zinc hydroxystannate (ZHS) and zinc stannate (ZS) were studied in comparison with those of alumina trihydrate and magnesium hydroxide through the limiting oxygen index test and a smoke density test. The thermal degradation in air of flexible poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) treated with the above compounds was studied by thermal analysis from ambient temperature to 800°C. The activation energy was calculated by using the Vyazovkin model‐free kinetic method and the Kissinger method. The results showed that tin compounds such as ZHS and ZS could be used as highly effective flame retardants for flexible PVC; these flame retardants enhanced the stability and the activation energy of the oxidation of the char. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL, 2008. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers 相似文献
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针对高分子材料无机阻燃剂的相关研究,按照元素种类将其分为碳系、磷系、氮系、硅系、硼系、金属氢氧化物及其他类型,分别概述了各类无机阻燃剂的阻燃机理、研究现状、优缺点及具体应用情况,最后对今后无机阻燃剂的发展方向进行了展望。 相似文献