铅芯橡胶支座的隔震效果分析

采用Wen微分滞回模型,代表铅芯橡胶隔震支座的非线性滞回恢复力特性,对基础隔震结构的隔震效果进行了分析。结果表明,Wen微分滞回曲线可以较为准确地反映铅芯橡胶隔震支座的本构关系,其隔震效果比较明显。     

近场地震下复合隔震结构减震研究

本文采用Wen滞回模型模拟隔震支座和被动摩擦阻尼器的力学模型,对其进行地震反应分析。分析表明,隔震支座在地震作用下产生了一定的减震效果。加入阻尼器后,滞回耗能进一步增大,复合隔震结构的地震反应明显减弱。     

橡胶垫基础隔震建筑的非线性动力响应

文章着重讨论了橡胶垫基础隔震建筑的非线性动力响应。文中采用常用的层间剪切模型，隔震系统采用双线性恢复力滞回特性曲线，进而分析了橡胶垫基础隔震建筑的地震响应，探讨了隔震系统参数对结构响应的影响，为提出橡胶垫基础隔震建筑地震作用的实用计算方法打下基础。     

含形状记忆合金自复位阻尼器隔震结构的地震反应分析

为了使隔震结构体系能够同时获得良好的隔震特性及震后自复位能力,本文利用形状记忆合金(SMA)材料在相变伪弹性阶段具有较好阻尼性能这一特点,采用SMA自复位阻尼器与常规叠层橡胶垫组合成自复位隔震装置。根据SMA材料相变伪弹性的本构模型,对SMA自复位阻尼器在反复循环荷载下的力学行为进行了数值模拟,得到了相应的滞回耗能曲线。提出了一种针对SMA自复位阻尼器的分段线性化恢复力模型,并依据剪切型层模型理论,编制了设有SMA自复位阻尼器隔震结构在地震作用下的弹塑性时程分析程序,对设有这种新型隔震装置工程结构进行地震反应分析。分析结果表明,这种隔震装置不仅可以大大减轻地震对上部结构的影响,而且还具有很好的震后复位能力,因此具有较好的工程应用前景。     

并联复合隔震结构的地震响应和滞回特性分析

在建立并联复合隔震结构运动微分方程的基础上,通过数值模拟,计算并研究了不同加速度峰值下,给定摩擦承压比的多自由度并联复合隔震结构的自振周期、最大基底剪力、最大基底剪力系数、最大层间位移、层间速度、层间加速度等地震响应以及隔震层的滞回特性,并与普通抗震结构、夹层橡胶垫隔震结构、摩擦滑移结构进行了全面对比分析和讨论。结果表明:并联复合隔震结构由于充分利用了复合隔震支座的优点,能够显著降低结构的地震响应,并且具有优良的滞回耗能特性。     

滚轴与橡胶垫隔震结构模型震动台试验研究

建筑物平移时已经具备了设置隔震消能装置的条件,平移时用的滚轴不再取出,在建筑物下设计安装隔震橡胶垫,使滚轴与橡胶垫共同承受上部结构传来的荷载,并且在地震作用下共同起减震作用.对滚轴与橡胶垫隔震结构模型进行了震动台试验研究,通过输入不同大小和类型的地震波,分析隔震上部结构和隔震支座的地震反应.分析结果表明,滚轴与橡胶垫隔震结构的隔震效果明显,试验结果可以为隔震设计和加固中使用这种隔震结构及进一步的理论分析提供重要依据.     

并联复合隔震体系非线性性能的试验研究

对一并联复合隔震结构模型进行了振动台试验研究,通过逐渐增加摩擦滑板的数量来调整隔震层摩擦承压比的大小。分析了复合隔震体系不同摩擦承压比对隔震层滞回特性、基底剪力系数以及复合隔震体系非线性性能的影响。试验结果表明:复合隔震结构的非线性特性与摩擦承压比的大小及地震烈度大小有关,在合理的摩擦承压比取值范围内复合隔震结构具有良好的隔震性能。     

混凝土砌块模型结构的地震反应分析

为研究建造在7度地震区小型混凝土空心砌块八层大开间隔震房屋的抗震性能,本文利用结构有限元分析软件ANSYS提出了砌块模型的三维有限元模型,在基础与结构物底部模拟夹层橡胶垫,并对其在隔震前后进行了地震反应分析,结果表明夹层橡胶垫能大大减小上部结构的地震反应,上部结构类似于整体平动。     

组合基础隔震系统地震反应分析

对组合基础隔震系统中叠层橡胶支座和滑板摩擦隔震支座的恢复力特点进行了研究 ,提出并分析了叠层橡胶支座的粘弹性模型和滑板摩擦隔震支座的粘刚塑性模型 ;即叠层橡胶支座采用弹性恢复力模型和粘滞阻尼恢复力模型 ;滑板摩擦隔震支座采用双线性库仑摩擦阻尼恢复力模型和粘滞阻尼恢复力模型。用提出的分析模型对振动台试验隔震房屋进行了三维非线性动力时程分析 ,并将分析结果和振动台试验结果进行了比较。结果表明所提出的分析模型不仅能有效预测上部结构的地震反应 ,而且分析和试验所得的隔震支座滞回曲线相似。     

地震激励下非线性结构的隔震换能控制

隔震换能控制装置具有隔震换能和主动控制的双重作用,将该装置安装在建筑结构的隔震层处就构成了隔震换能控制系统。隔震层一般采用橡胶垫等强非线性材料,应用通常的线性分析方法,难以反映该系统的动力特性。本文应用MATLAB提供的s-function建立了描述非线性结构的状态空间模型,提出了建筑结构隔震换能控制系统的分析方法和控制策略。通过仿真分析,探讨了隔震层刚度及其非线性特性对隔震换能控制系统振动控制效果的影响。     

A pattern recognition technique for structural identification using observed vibration signals: Nonlinear case studies

A novel pattern recognition technique, support vector regression (SVR), has been introduced for linear structural parameter identification in a companion article. It is recognized that structural systems in general are designed to behave nonlinearly when subjected to extreme loading. Therefore SVR-based methods for nonlinear structural identification (SI) have been studied and they are summarized in this paper. The first method uses the SVR technique to identify nonlinear structural parameters, whereby the power parameter controlling the shape of the Bouc–Wen model is known. The second and third methods conduct nonlinear SI in the power parameter unknown condition, with the difference that the third method adopts a model selection strategy to enhance the nonlinear parameter estimation practicability. Five-story nonlinear structural systems whose restoring forces are expressed by the Bouc–Wen model are investigated to demonstrate the effectiveness of the SVR-based SI methods. Verification results show that the third method using the model selection strategy is the most efficient one for nonlinear structural parameter identification.     

Lifecycle cost–benefit analysis of isolated buildings

Seismic isolation is effective in reducing seismic demand to buildings and mitigating seismic damage costs. To corroborate this fact quantitatively by taking all possible seismic events that occur during the service period of a building into account, this study investigates probabilistic characteristics of the peak ductility demand of inelastic superstructures with linear/bilinear base isolators subject to hundreds of strong ground motion records, and then assesses the cost-effectiveness of seismic isolation technology from the lifecycle cost–benefit perspective. Based on results from nonlinear dynamic analyses of two-degree-of-freedom systems with the Bouc–Wen hysteretic model, a prediction model for the peak ductility demand of isolated structures is developed and used in lifecycle cost analysis to assess the cost-effectiveness of seismic isolation systems. The analysis results show that seismic isolation reduces vibration in superstructures significantly and can be cost-effective in mitigating seismic risk.     

Assessment of seismic behaviour of SMRFs with RBS connections by means of mixed‐based state‐space approach

With an intention to implement a reliable numerical implementation of the mixed‐based state‐space strategy for steel structural systems, the paper presents a thorough seismic analysis of steel moment resisting frames (SMRFs) with reduced beam section (RBS) connections. Firstly, a model of beam‐column element inclusive of material and geometric nonlinearities is efficiently utilized derived from appropriate force interpolation functions. Moreover, with the present formulation, non‐prismatic properties of RBS region can be considered without the necessity of heavy discretization of elements. Contribution of panel zone is taken into account by considering a nonlinear rotational spring as well. In addition, the extension of Wen‐Bouc model to capture material inelasticity is applied that is apparently superior to other constitutive behaviour when it leads to both a smooth hysteretic model and rather precisely well‐mannered state‐space depiction capable of conveying several hysteretic features. The state‐space approach is then employed where nodal forces balance and constitutive equations are solved simultaneously. Secondly, three‐dimensional finite element analysis is surveyed to validate proposed macro‐element model. Finally, a set of nonlinear static and transient analyses of four‐ and eight‐storey frames with and without RBS connections are fulfilled. Then, structural demand parameters used to assess the global and local response of designated frames. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

磁流变阻尼器的计算模型及仿真分析

介绍了磁流变阻尼器的构造与性能及其常用的计算模型———Bingham模型和Bouc Wen模型 ,并提出了一个新的计算模型———Sigmoid模型。对三种计算模型进行仿真分析 ,并与试验结果进行对比研究 ,研究结果证明 :Sigmoid模型形式简单 ,易于程序化且能很好地描述磁流变阻尼器的力学性能     

Seismic analysis for tall and irregular temple buildings: A case study of strong nonlinear viscoelastic dampers

Viscoelastic (VE) dampers, composed of VE layers sandwiched between relative rigid steel plates, have been widely used as dissipation devices to improve performance of structures under dynamic loads. Corresponding analytical and experimental investigations have been carried out by many scholars. However, most of VE dampers studied before are typically traditional dampers applied in regular structures. This paper introduces a new type of VE damper with strong nonlinearity used in the complex and irregular structure of Nanjing Dabaoen Temple. The new VE dampers show obvious nonlinear behavior, improved capacity of dissipation, and larger additional stiffness compared to the traditional ones. Nanjing Dabaoen Temple is a high‐rise steel structure by use of 112 new VE dampers. To investigate dissipation characteristics and control effect of the VE dampers in the complex structure, we established a suitable finite element model using SAP2000 software in which the VE dampers were simulated by Maxwell and Wen models connected in parallel, and then nonlinear time history analysis is executed using seven ground motions of moderate earthquakes and three of major earthquakes. Analytical results indicate that control effect of the VE dampers on structural displacement is preferable to that on structural acceleration and shear force due to dampers' additional stiffness. In addition, owing to incremental deformation of VE dampers under major earthquakes, damping effect of the VE dampers on all structural responses under major earthquakes is more obvious than that under moderate earthquakes. Analytical methods and conclusions in this paper will provide significant reference for analysis, design, and application of complex high‐rise structures added with VE dampers.     

园林体验的再理解 ——《文衡山拙政园诗画册》 探读

通过关注园林画和园林诗文中的图文关系,提供了《文衡山拙政园诗画册》的初步探读,阐释了拙政园中多感官体验所形成的园林想象。分析起始于对三十一景中图文的整体阅读,并在接下来对其中五景展开精读。精读部分着眼于诗和文字在时间、感官和氛围上的互动作用,展现了文徵明通过诗画所构造的想象世界,重新思考了再现和指涉性在此《诗画册》中的意味。提出《文衡山拙政园诗画册》作为一种图文互补图景,呈现了多感官的园林体验,而非一种客观的空间建构。     

岩土体非线性分析的数值流形方法

目前数值流形方法的模拟分析主要是采用线弹性模型,而对于非线性模型分析研究很少。根据数值流形方法的特点和岩土体的本构模型,给出了适用于非线性分析的数值流形方法的计算方法。该方法利用中点增量法进行求解,以改变Duncan-Chang模型中弹性模量的方式来反映非线性,其实质是用分段线性来取代非线性。最后通过算例表明,数值流形方法在岩土体进行非线性分析中是有效的。     

基于纤维模型RC框架结构非线性全过程分析

纤维模型对梁、柱单元非线性全过程分析能有更加精确和完整的把握,是目前结构非线性分析模型的研究热点,而在极限承载力附近的计算发散问题,一直是困扰混凝土结构非线性全过程分析的关键问题.本文基于纤维模型提出了一种可以用于混凝土结构全过程分析的算法,编制了柔度法分析程序,直接从材料本构关系出发,对平面钢筋混凝土框架结构进行了全过程非线性静力分析.同试验结果的对比表明,程序具有较好的分析非线性问题的能力.     

高层剪力墙结构减震设计的静动力分析法

采用三维空间模型的静力弹塑性分析方法、弯剪型层模型的非线性时程分析方法相结合的静动力分析法,对江苏宿迁某19层剪力墙结构进行了黏滞阻尼消能减震分析。首先对该结构进行了三维空间静力弹塑性分析,得到了该结构的层间恢复力曲线;在此基础上,建立了该结构的弯剪型层模型,进行了非线性时程分析,并研究了非线性黏滞流体阻尼器对高层剪力墙结构地震响应的振动控制。结果表明:采用静动力分析法可以评估剪力墙结构的弹塑性抗震性能,为工程结构设计提供参考,为类似结构提供借鉴。     

高层建筑结构减震分析的静动力实用分析法及其应用

以四川成都某高层剪力墙结构为工程背景,采用三维空间模型的静力弹塑性分析方法、弯剪型层模型的非线性时程分析方法相结合的静动力分析法,对该结构进行了粘滞阻尼消能减震分析。根据该结构的三维空间静力弹塑性分析,得到了该结构的层间恢复力曲线;在此基础上,建立了该结构的弯剪型层模型,进行了非线性时程分析,并研究了非线性粘滞流体阻尼器对高层剪力墙结构地震响应的振动控制效果。结果表明,采用静动力分析法可以评估剪力墙结构的整体弹塑性抗震性能,为工程结构设计提供参考,为类似结构提供借鉴。