2-2压电复合材料面板的压力放大作用

２－２压电复合材料应用普遍。材料中聚合物对压电陶瓷的应力作用，使性能得到施工改善。在复合材料两电极面上复盖薄面板，由于板的应力传递作用会使使接收国和辐射力产生放大效应，从而提高了接收灵敏度和发射响应。     

成型压力对0-3型锆钛酸铅/水泥压电复合材料的影响

以快硬硫铝酸盐水泥为基体,以锆钛酸铅(PZT)为功能相,用压制成型法制备出0-3型PZT/水泥基压电复合材料。分析成型压力对PZT/水泥基压电复合材料的压电性和介电性的影响,结果表明:不同粒径PZT颗粒作为功能相的水泥基压电复合材料,成型压力对其压电性和介电性有不同的影响。在30~90 MPa压力范围内,成型压力越大,PZT/水泥压电复合材料的压电应变常数d33和相对介电常数εr均显著提高,这是由于气孔率随压力增大而减少,而压电电压常数g33的变化则与功能相的粒径有关。机电耦合系数也有着不同的变化趋势,对于6μm和126μm PZT/水泥压电复合材料,其机电耦合系数Kt和Kp随压力增大缓慢下降,而对于430μm PZT/水泥压电复合材料则呈上升趋势。当压力达到150 MPa时,其压电性和介电性均急剧减小。     

1-3-2型压电陶瓷/聚合物复合材料的理论模型

根据Chan的1-3型复合材料理论模型和Newnham的复合材料串并联理论,提出了一种用于计算新型1-3-2型压电陶瓷/聚合物复合材料的介电常数和压电常数的理论模型.并制备了一批1-3-2型压电复合材料样品,把理论模型的计算值与实际测量的材料参数进行了比较,结果表明两者符合较好,误差小于10%.     

Theoretical study on the static performance of piezoelectric ceramic-polymer composites with 2-2 connectivity

The static equilibrium conditions have been derived for piezoelectric-ceramic-polymer composite structures. Rigorous solutions are obtained for a 2-2 composite of lamellar configuration. Under a uniaxial stress or an electric field the strain profile becomes inhomogeneous due to different elastic stiffness of the two components (hard piezoelectric ceramics and soft polymer). The stress transfer between the two components is identified as due to an additional shear stress produced at the ceramic-polymer interface, and the amplification factor is defined for the enhancement of the response of the active piezoelectric ceramic resulting from this stress transfer. It is shown that this enhancement effect not only depends on the volume percentage of the active component but also on the aspect ratio of the two components.     

Active damping of geometrically nonlinear vibrations of laminated composite plates using vertically reinforced 1-3 piezoelectric composites

This paper addresses the analysis of active constrained layer damping (ACLD) of geometrically nonlinear transient vibrations of laminated composite plates using vertically reinforced 1-3 piezoelectric composite (PZC) as the material of the constraining layer of the ACLD treatment. The Von Kármán type nonlinear strain-displacement relations and the first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT) are used for deriving the coupled electromechanical nonlinear finite element model. The Golla?CHughes?CMcTavish (GHM) method has been used to model the constrained viscoelastic layer of the ACLD treatment in the time domain. The numerical results indicate that the ACLD patches significantly improve the damping characteristics of the cross-ply and antisymmetric angle-ply plates for suppressing the geometrically nonlinear transient vibrations of the plates.     

Performance of piezoelectric fiber-reinforced composites for active structural-acoustic control of laminated composite plates

This paper deals with the active structural acoustic control of thin laminated composite plates using piezoelectric fiber-reinforced composite (PFRC) material for the constraining layer of active constrained layer damping (ACLD) treatment. A finite element model is developed for the laminated composite plates integrated with the patches of ACLD treatment to describe the coupled structural-acoustic behavior of the plates enclosing an acoustic cavity. The performance of the PFRC layers of the patches has been investigated for active control of sound radiated from thin symmetric and antisymmetric cross-ply and antisymmetric angle-ply laminated composite plates into the acoustic cavity. The significant effect of variation of piezoelectric fiber orientation in the PFRC layer on controlling the structure-borne sound radiated from thin laminated plates has been investigated to determine the fiber angle in the PFRC layer for which the structural-acoustic control authority of the patches becomes maximum.     

Hybrid damping of smart, functionally graded plates using piezoelectric, fiber-reinforced composites

This paper deals with the investigation of active, constrained layer damping (ACLD) of smart, functionally graded (FG) plates. The constraining layer of the ACLD treatment is considered to be made of a piezoelectric, fiber-reinforced composite (PFRC) material with enhanced effective piezoelectric coefficient that quantifies the in-plane actuating force due to the electric field applied across the thickness of the layer. The Young's modulus and the mass density of the FG plates are assumed to vary exponentially along the thickness of the plate, and the Poisson's ratio is assumed to be constant over the domain of the plate. A finite-element model has been developed to model the open-loop and closed-loop dynamics of the FG plates integrated with two patches of ACLD treatment. The frequency response of the plates revealed that the active patches of ACLD treatment significantly improve the damping characteristics of the FG plates over the passive damping. Emphasis has been placed on investigating the effect of variation of piezoelectric fiber angle in the constraining layer of the ACLD treatment on the attenuating capability of the patches. The analysis also revealed that the activated patches of the ACLD treatment are more effective in controlling the vibrations of FG plates when the patches are attached to the surface of the FG plates with minimum stiffness than when they are attached to the surface of the same with maximum stiffness.     

Extensional vibrations of piezoelectric plates

Summary We consider piezoelectric plates with a thickness small with respect to the lateral dimensions. The surfaces of these plates are partly coated with electrodes. Equations are derived which describe the lateral vibrations of these plates approximately. The first resonance-frequency of a circular plate as a function of the radius of the electrodes is computed and compared with measured values.     

Active vibration control of smart plates using directional actuation and sensing capability of piezoelectric composites

The efficacy of directional actuation and sensing using piezoelectric fiber-reinforced composite (PFRC) actuators and sensors in active vibration suppression is examined for the first time for smart fiber metal laminate (FML) plates. A recently developed quadrilateral element with four physical nodes and one electric node, based on an efficient layer-wise theory, is employed for the structural analysis. The linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) control strategy is employed for the active vibration control. The optimal direction of PFRC fibers to achieve the minimum control voltage is obtained for skew plates of cantilever and simply supported boundary conditions for different skew angles.     

1-3型压电复合材料的机械品质因素

采用切割-填充法制作1-3型压电复合材料,PZT-5A作为压电相,改性618环氧树脂作为聚合物相。研究了1-3型压电复合材料的机械品质因素Qm值与压电相的体积分数及形状参数的关系。压电相的体积分数及形状参数优选后的1-3型压电复合材料可获得较低的机械品质因素Qm值,其值可达10,谐振频率可达850kHz,频带宽度可达86kHz。     

基于ANSYS的0-3型压电复合材料电荷分布

通过MATLAB软件对陶瓷颗粒均匀分布的0-3型压电陶瓷/聚合物复合材料进行了建模,通过有限元分析软件ANSYS,研究了压电复合材料受力时内部应力分布及电荷分布状态,同时研究了压电陶瓷颗粒体积分数及静态载荷变化时,压电陶瓷/聚合物复合材料中压电陶瓷产生的最大节点电压的变化情况.研究表明:压电陶瓷/聚合物复合材料在受力时,压电相受到的应力远远大于聚合物相,压电相棱角处受到的应力最大,产生的电荷最多.随着压电陶瓷体积分数变化,压电复合材料中压电陶瓷产生的最大节点电压也增加,当压电陶瓷体积分数达到30％时,产生的最大节点电压达到2.86×10-5V.随着静态载荷的增加,压电复合材料产生的最大节点电压呈线性增加,阻尼效果越明显,与文献中的实验结果吻合.     

基于ANSYS的0-3型压电复合材料电荷分布

通过MATLAB软件对陶瓷颗粒均匀分布的0-3型压电陶瓷/聚合物复合材料进行了建模, 通过有限元分析软件ANSYS, 研究了压电复合材料受力时内部应力分布及电荷分布状态, 同时研究了压电陶瓷颗粒体积分数及静态载荷变化时, 压电陶瓷/聚合物复合材料中压电陶瓷产生的最大节点电压的变化情况。研究表明: 压电陶瓷/聚合物复合材料在受力时, 压电相受到的应力远远大于聚合物相, 压电相棱角处受到的应力最大, 产生的电荷最多。随着压电陶瓷体积分数变化, 压电复合材料中压电陶瓷产生的最大节点电压也增加, 当压电陶瓷体积分数达到30%时, 产生的最大节点电压达到2.86×10^-5 V。随着静态载荷的增加, 压电复合材料产生的最大节点电压呈线性增加, 阻尼效果越明显, 与文献中的实验结果吻合。     

Effect of aged binder on piezoelectric properties of cement-based piezoelectric composites

Age-dependent piezoelectric properties of cement piezoelectric composites containing cement-based binder and 50 vol. % PZT piezoelectric inclusions are conducted. The effect of binder with 10 to 50 % cement replaced by slag and fly ash is investigated. Specimens are polarized by 1.5 kV/mm for 30 min when the curing time reaches 7, 28 and 56 days, respectively. Experimental values are measured daily till 120 days after the polarization. Prior to polarization, dielectric loss needs to be less than 0.73 to guarantee the feasibility of polarization. Piezoelectric properties including d ₃₃, g ₃₃ and ?_r are age-dependent unless the age is higher than 60 days after the polarization. The electromechanical coupling coefficient κ_t is independent of the ages. The curing time shows less efficient to piezoelectric properties while hydration reaction is completed. 20 vol. % cement replaced by slag or fly ash provides optimum d ₃₃ and g _33. Compared with slag replacement, fly ash replacement can diminish ?_r, but increase κ_t. In addition, a modified equation to calculate the dielectric constant of PZT/cement composites is also proposed.     

Static analyses for 2–2 multi-layered piezoelectric curved composites

Based on the general theory of elasticity, the static behavior of 2–2 multi-layered piezoelectric curved composites is investigated. The exact solutions of the mechanical and electrical fields of the curved composites are obtained by utilizing Airy stress function method. Both the piezoelectric coefficient and the thickness for different layers are taken as variables. Different from other investigations based on the elementary theory of elasticity, the present investigation gives exact solutions for these variables by introducing several recurrence formulas, which make the present results very useful. The theoretical results obtained in the present paper are compared with the numerical results and good agreements are found.     

Hybridization of acoustic waves in piezoelectric plates

The conditions for hybridization of the zero-order and high-order acoustic waves propagating in a piezoelectric crystal plate have been studied. The dependence of the phase velocity of the hybrid waves on the parameter hf (h is the plate thickness and f is the wave frequency) is established for the potassium niobate and lithium niobate plates possessing various crystallographic orientations and conductivities. It is found that hybridization takes place when the conductivity of a thin surface layer exceeds a certain critical value, which can vary within broad limits depending on the plate material and orientation. The degree of dispersive repulsion of the coupled modes grows with increasing electromechanical coupling coefficient.     

表面改性对纳米蒙脱土/聚酰胺6-66复合材料性能的影响

选取三种不同的纳米蒙脱土（nMMT）（分别为钠基蒙脱土（Na-MMT）、氨基酸改性nMMT（OMMT-A）和CH₃（CH₂）₁₇N（CH₃）[（CH₂CH₂OH）₂]+改性nMMT（OMMT-B））,通过熔融共混法制备了不同改性的纳米蒙脱土/聚酰胺6-66（nMMT/PA6-66）复合材料,研究了不同表面改性对nMMT/PA6-66复合材料的结晶、流变和力学等性能的影响。结果表明,nMMT的加入促进了nMMT/PA6-66复合材料中γ晶的形成,提高了复合材料的结晶温度,但加入OMMT-B后OMMT-B/PA6-66复合材料的异相成核作用效率有一定程度减弱;同时,OMMT-B能更好地改善PA6-66的储能模量,提高PA6-66的流动性。力学性能测试表明,nMMT提高了nMMT/PA6-66复合材料的强度,降低了复合材料的韧性,但效果不同。其中,加入OMMT-B后OMMT-B/PA6-66复合材料的韧性几乎保持不变,拉伸强度和弯曲强度相对于纯PA6-66分别提高了26%和28%,表现出最佳的综合力学性能。综合研究结果表明,不同表面改性nMMT对PA6-66性能的影响主要取决于改性剂和PA6-66分子链之间相互作用的强弱。      

1-3型水泥基压电复合材料的制备及性能

采用切割-浇注法, 以硫铝酸盐水泥为基体, 制备了1-3型水泥基压电复合材料。详细阐述了1-3型水泥基压电复合材料的制备过程; 研究了0.375Pb(Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃-0.375PbTiO₃-0.25PbZrO₃压电陶瓷柱的宽厚比w/t对1-3型水泥基压电复合材料的压电性能、 介电性能和声阻抗的影响。结果表明: 压电陶瓷柱的宽厚比w/t对1-3型水泥基压电复合材料性能有很大影响, 随着w/t的增加, 其压电应变常数d₃₃、 机电耦合系数K_p与K_t、 机械品质因数Q_m、 介电常数ε_r和介电损耗tanδ均随着w/t的增加而减小, 而压电电压常数g₃₃值几乎不受w/t的影响。在压电陶瓷体积分数仅为22.72%的条件下, 调节压电陶瓷柱的宽厚比w/t至0.130, 可使复合材料的声阻抗与混凝土的声阻抗十分接近, 从而有效地解决了智能材料在土木工程中的声阻抗相容性问题。      

Finite element approximation of piezoelectric plates

A Reissner–Mindlin‐type modellization of piezoelectric plates is here considered in a suitable variational framework. Both the membranal and the bending behaviour are studied as the thickness of the structure tends to zero. A finite element scheme able to approximate the solution is then proposed and theoretically analysed. Some numerical results showing the performances of the scheme under consideration are discussed. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A surface treating method for ceramic particles to improve the compatibility with PVDF polymer in 0-3 piezoelectric composites

Abstracts are not published in this journal This revised version was published online in November 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

SH wave propagation in piezoelectric coupled plates

The propagation of shear horizontal (SH) wave in a piezoelectric coupled plate is investigated in this paper. Full account is taken of the piezoelectric coupling effect to the isotropic metal core in the mathematical model. One of the applications of this research is in the damage detection of the host metal structure from the wave propagation signal excited by the piezoelectric layer which is surface bonded on the surface of a metal core. This research is distinct from the previous works on SH propagation in piezoelectric structures because the piezoelectric materials were used as the core structure in the previous studies, and the potential of the studies was mainly on time-delay devices. The dispersive characteristics and the mode shapes of the transverse displacement and the electric potential of the piezoelectric layer are theoretically derived. The results from numerical simulations show that the phase velocity of the plate structure tends to the bulk shear wave velocity of the host metal core at high wave number when the shear wave velocity of host plate is larger than that of PZT bonded on it. Furthermore, there are three asymptotic solutions of wave propagation when the shear wave velocity of the host plate is smaller than that of PZT. The mode shape of the electric potential of the piezoelectric layer changes from the quadratic shape at lower wave number and with thinner piezoelectric layer to the shape with more zero nodes at higher wave number and with thicker piezoelectric layer. These findings are significant in the application of wave propagation in piezoelectric coupled structures