模孔偏置位置参数对型材挤压成形影响的数值研究

通过引进流速均方差作为评价塑形变形时金属流动速度不均衡性指标，来有效地控制型材挤压成形时金属流动的不均匀性。通过采用有限变形弹塑性有限元方法，对不同模孔偏置位置参数下型材挤压过程进行了数值模拟研究，获得了挤压力、流速均方差和型材件内部应力应变场随其变化的规律，为进一步实现型材挤压工艺参数优化提供了理论参考。     

大宽厚比薄壁异型材挤压多工艺参数优化研究

型材挤压多种工艺参数的优化设计是一个组合优化问题,难以用传统数学优化方法解决。在应用型材挤压CAD/CAE技术建立型材挤压CAD模型,并对其成形过程及其参数变化规律进行CAE仿真的基础上,采用基于正交试验、人工神经网络和遗传算法的型材挤压多工艺参数计算机辅助优化技术建立型材挤压多工艺参数与挤压质量间的关系映射模型,并预测不同参数值搭配对挤压质量的影响,进而确定多工艺参数最优解。试验证明取得了良好的效果。     

铝型材挤压成型数值模拟及优化设计

应用有限元法,通过对AA6063铝合金方管挤出过程进行数值模拟,优化了分流组合模的工作带,以模孔出口处型材挤出速度的流速均方差为目标,使模孔出口处型材挤出速度均匀;同时通过对影响型材焊合品质的3个重要工艺参数:挤压速度、模具预热温度和坯料预热温度进行正交试验,以焊合面上的压力大小作为评定型材焊合品质好坏的标准,获得了AA6063铝型材挤压的最佳工艺参数组合。     

空心铝型材分流模挤压的复合数值模拟

针对有限元模拟空心铝型材分流模挤压成形中的困难与局限性,通过有限体积法和有限元复合数值模拟法,对典型大挤压比空心型材的分流模挤压过程进行了模拟,详细研究了型材挤压成形过程中金属的流动规律及焊合过程,为分流模设计、优化提供了依据。采用数值模拟优化的结果进行了实验研究,成功地挤出了合格的空心铝型材。     

基于粒子群算法的冷挤压模具结构参数优化设计

针对石油射孔弹挤压件,对一次挤压成形和先预挤压再终成形两种工艺进行了对比,确定了合理的工艺方案,模具结构采用预应力挤压组合凹模。采用拉丁超立方方法,分别对预挤压和终成形的组合凹模的径向直径比和过盈系数进行了抽样,应用有限元方法对抽样所得的不同结构进行数值模拟,将所得模拟结果作为响应,建立等效应力与组合凹模结构参数的Kriging模型。以降低凹模内壁最大等效应力为优化目标,分别对预挤压和终成形两个阶段的组合凹模结构参数进行了优化分析。应用Kriging模型结合粒子群算法,在结构参数的变量空间内进行全局寻优,得到了各组合凹模最佳的径向直径比和过盈系数,确定出优化的组合凹模结构尺寸,为该挤压组合凹模的设计提供了定量的优化依据。     

挤压参数及模具结构参数对某大长径比铝合金零件冷挤压流变成形载荷的影响

代号为SD-L的大长径比铝合金零件采用冷挤压成形工艺,其挤压载荷直接与挤压参数相关.采用DEFRORM-3D软件对该零件冷挤压成形过程进行仿真模拟,在不同挤压速度v、摩擦系数f以及凹模拐角处圆角半径R下对该零件冷挤压成形过程进行了数值模拟研究,获得了成形载荷随挤压参数及模具结构参数变化的规律.结果表明:成形载荷峰值随着挤压速度和凹模拐角处圆角半径的增加而减小,摩擦系数的增加则会导致成形载荷峰值增大.     

分流模偏心圆型芯的车削加工

1．前言 随着铝挤压行业的飞速发展，铝挤压型材的应用也越来越广泛，形状也日趋多样、复杂，挤压铝合金型材所用的挤压模具的设计和加工难度也随之加大。在挤压铝合金型材所用的分流组合模中，上模型芯是决定挤压型材内孔尺寸，下模型孔是决定挤压型材外形尺寸，上、下模装配后上模型芯与下模型孔之间的间隙即是所需挤出型材的截面形状。因此，上模型芯与下模型孔的相对位置及尺寸精度决定了挤压型材的精度。     

挤压型材压制成形回弹预测与补偿研究

航空挤压型材的压制成形工艺是一种重要的飞机钣金成形工艺方法,由于压制成形过程存在回弹现象,科学准确地预测回弹补偿值对于提高产品质量具有重要的意义.为了有效预测航空挤压型材压制成形工艺过程产生的回弹,利用ABAQUS软件建立了一种挤压型材零件压制成形工艺过程的有限元仿真建模方法,利用预定义场模型研究了成形过程的回弹仿真技术并通过工艺试验进行了验证.该方法对于其他种类的航空钣金零件的成形仿真及回弹预测研究也具有积极的参考意义.     

汽车轮毂轴承套圈冷挤压数值模拟分析研究

对某型号汽车轮毂轴承内圈冷挤压模具进行三维建模,利用Deform软件,设定挤压条件后,对内圈挤压成形过程进行了数值模拟。分析了挤压过程中金属的流动与速度分布,挤压速度和摩擦因子对模具载荷的影响,并对凹模的应力进行了分析,指出应力集中导致模具容易损伤的部位。通过数值模拟分析,提出了减小摩擦因子,提高表面质量的方法,减小应力集中和载荷过大造成的模具损伤,通过优化工艺参数提高挤压成形质量。     

基于正交试验的梭床冷挤压过程数值模拟分析

基于Deform-3D对梭床的冷挤压成形过程进行数值模拟。通过正交试验的极差法和方差法,以最大成形载荷和凸模磨损量为目标变量,分析凸模材料硬度、挤压速度和润滑系数等关键参数的影响,从而获得最优工艺参数组合方案:凸模材料硬度为65HRC、润滑系数为0.1、挤压速度为30mm/s。利用最优工艺参数进行二次数值模拟,并对比了优化前后的最大成形载荷和凸模磨损量,以达到冷挤压最优效果,并通过折叠角和损伤因子分析得出满足此锻件的冷挤压成形要求,为实际的锻造生产过程提供理论指导。     

Numerical and experimental study on the three-dimensional extrusion of square section from square billet through a polynomial shaped curved die

The geometry of die profile plays a major role in reducing the extrusion pressure and ensuring the smooth flow of material. In general, the extrusion process is mostly affected by billet geometry, die geometry, and interface frictional force at the die billet geometry. In the present investigation, an analysis using three-dimensional upper bound method using fifth-order die profile function has been carried out for extrusion of square sections from square billet. The extrusion pressure and optimum die length have been computed by multivariable optimization technique. The present die shape profile is found to be superior to many other profiles. The results obtained will help in design of optimum die profile and investigation of its performance.     

铝合金轴固定件热挤压成形的有限体积法模拟研究

由于变形剧烈，复杂铝型材挤压成形有限元模拟会因网格不断重划分而精度欠佳。文中基于可以有效避免网格重划分难题的有限体积法，对铝合金门轴固定产品的热挤压过程进行数值模拟，详细分析挤压成形中各个阶段金属流动情况以及应力、应变、温度、速度等场量的分布变化情况。棒料进人模口至完全流出工作带这段时间是型材挤压最为困难的阶段，材料在工作带处的应力、应变最大，温度最高，因而对模具工作带处造成的磨损也最为严重。进人到最终稳定挤压阶段时挤压方向金属流速计算值与理论挤出速度吻合很好。模拟结果表明所用有限体积法是有效的，可以为铝型材挤压的模具设计与工艺参数的选择提供理论指导。     

Die optimization design and experimental study of a large wallboard aluminum alloy profile used for high-speed train

The extrusion die plays a crucial role in the quality control of aluminum alloy profile production. But in practice, the design of extrusion die is mainly dependent on the experience and intuition of die designers; thus, many times of modifications and experiments should be undergone until an acceptable product is gained. In this paper, the extrusion process of a large wallboard aluminum alloy profile used for high-speed train was simulated by means of HyperXtrude software, and the flow behavior of material and deformation mechanism in the die cavity were investigated. With the simulation results of the initial die design scheme, a nonuniform velocity distribution in cross-section of the extrudate was observed. For optimizing the die design scheme, two optimal schemes (adoption of double-step welding chamber and introduction of baffle plate) were proposed. Through optimization, the velocity differences in the extrudate for optimal schemes are decreased from 39.9 to 12.2 and 10.8 mm/s, respectively. Thus, the uniformity of velocity distribution was improved in optimal schemes. The extrusion die design methods for large wallboard profiles were summarized and proposed, including the design methods of baffle plate and double-step welding chamber. Through trial production, a sound wallboard aluminum profile with good geometric shape and high dimensional accuracy was gained. Additionally, the mechanical properties of the extrudate were examined by means of experimental method. It is found that the test results stratified the practical engineering requirements.     

数值模拟方法在挤压工艺参数优化中的应用

以出口速度场相对标准速度场偏差(RSDV),平均挤压力P和最大von Mises等效应力σmax作为优化设计目标函数,通过正交设计试验方法和数值模拟手段,对一款双T形截面型材的挤压工艺参数进行优化设计,探讨了一种挤压行业工艺和模具尺寸标准化的方法,并且通过实验验证,证明了经过优化后的工艺合理,实验结果与数值模拟分析结果相吻合。分析发现,在保证模具强度和模具寿命的前提下,提高挤压的速度和模具工作带的高度,能够提高型材挤出的稳定性。     

An optimization strategy for die design in the low-density polyethylene annular extrusion process based on FES/BPNN/NSGA-II

An optimization strategy for die design in the polymer extrusion process is proposed in the study based on the finite element simulation, the back-propagation neural network, and the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II). The three-dimensional simulation of polymer melts flow in the extrusion process is conducted using the penalty finite element method. The model for predicting the flow patterns in the extrusion process is established with the artificial neural network based on the simulated results. The non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II is performed for the search of globally optimal design variables with its objective functions evaluated by the established neural network model. The proposed optimization strategy is successfully applied to the die design in low-density polyethylene (LDPE) annular extrusion process. A constrained multi-objective optimization model is established according to the characteristics of annular extrusion process. The minimum of velocity relative difference, δu, and the minimum of swell ratio, S _w, that, respectively, ensure the extrinsic feature, mechanical property, and dimensional precision of the final products are taken as optimization objectives with a constrained condition on the maximum shear stress. Three important die structure parameters, including the die contraction angle α, the ratio of parallel length to inner radius L/R _i, and the ratio of outer to inner radius R _o /R _i, are taken as design variables. The Phan-Thien–Tanner constitutive model is adopted to describe the viscoelastic rheological characteristics of LDPE whose parameters are fitted by the distributions of material functions detected on the strain-controlled rheometer. The penalty finite element model of polymer melts flowing through out of the extrusion die is derived. A decoupled method is employed to solve the viscoelastic flow problem with the discrete elastic-viscous split-stress algorithm. The simulated results are selected and extracted to constitute the learning samples according to the orthogonal experimental design method. The back propagation algorithm is adopted for the training and the establishment of the predicting model for the optimization objective. A Pareto-optimal set for the constrained multi-objective optimization is obtained using the constrained NSGA-II, and the optimal solution is extracted based on the fuzzy set theory. The optimization for die parameters in the annular extrusion process of low-density polyethylene is performed and the optimization objective is successfully achieved.     

挤压模具型腔的等磨损优化设计

针对目前国内挤压模具寿命过低的情况,将有限元分析、神经网络和遗传算法结合起来应用到挤压模具型腔优化设计中。采用B样条函数插值描述凹模型腔轮廓形状,用有限元数值模拟获得型腔表面节点的应力场、速度场和温度场,基于修正Archard磨损模型计算型腔磨损深度,以此作为样本训练BP神经网络,建立模具型腔控制点与磨损深度之间的映射关系,再结合遗传算法以等磨损为目标,优化模具型腔轮廓形状。优化结果与序列二次规划法一致,可以降低模具磨损,提高模具寿命,结果与实际情况吻合,表明了这种设计方法是可行的。     

Optimization of an aluminum profile extrusion process based on Taguchi’s method with S/N analysis

Taguchi’s design of experiment and numerical simulation were applied in the optimization of an aluminum profile extrusion process. By means of HyperXtrude, the extrusion process was simulated and the effects of process parameters on the uniformity of metal flow and on the extrusion force were investigated with the signal to noise ratio and the analysis of variance. Through analysis, the optimum combination of process parameters for uniform flow velocity distribution was obtained, with the billet diameter of 170?mm, ram speed of 2.2?mm/s, die temperature of 465°C, billet preheated temperature of 480°C, and container temperature of 425°C. Compared with the initial process parameters, the velocity relative difference in the cross-section of extrudate was decreased from 2.81% to 1.39%. In the same way, the optimum process parameters for minimum required extrusion force were gained, with the billet diameter of 165?mm, ram speed of 0.4?mm/s, die temperature of 475°C, billet preheated temperature of 495°C, and container temperature of 445°C. A 24.7% decrease of required extrusion force with optimum process parameters was realized. Through the optimization analysis in this study, the extrusion performance has been greatly improved. Finally, the numerical results were validated by practical experiments, and the comparison showed that the optimization strategy developed in this work could provide the effective guidance for practical production.     

基于数值分析的轮胎胶料共挤出口模设计

在轮胎胶料挤出生产中,口模的结构对共挤出产品的质量起着关键的作用,但在实际生产中,共挤出口模的设计主要依靠经验,口模设计质量的控制需要经过多次试模和修模。采用流体计算软件Polyflow进行轮胎胶料(TWD40/FS10)的共挤成型过程的三维数值模拟,分析共挤出过程中的速度、压力分布以及胶料熔体的流动情况,并通过试验验证模拟的可行性。针对初始口模设计的不足,提出增加窄缝区域高度和扩充口模入口的方法,有效解决初始模具设计中速度分布不均的问题,改善了口模中熔体的流动,提高了挤出质量,同时还降低了挤出过程中的能耗。利用数值方法可对共挤出口模结构进行设计,提出的口模设计方法可以对同类轮胎胶料共挤出口模结构的设计提供指     

多腔壁板铝型材挤压过程数值模拟及模具优化

挤压模具在铝型材挤压生产中起着至关重要的作用,挤压模具设计的优劣直接影响挤压产品的质量。然而实际生产中,挤压模具的设计更多依赖传统设计经验,需要多次试模和修模,无法满足产品开发需求。以典型的多腔壁板铝型材为例,应用UG建立分流组合模几何模型,采用基于任意拉格朗日—欧拉(Arbitrary Largrang-Euler,ALE)算法的HyperXtrude软件对多腔壁板铝型材的挤压成形过程进行数值模拟,获得挤压过程中速度场、温度场、应力场及金属流动情况。针对初始模具设计的不足,提出多腔壁板铝型材挤压模具优化三步曲(开设引流槽、增设阻流块、优化工作带),有效地解决了初始模具设计中速度分布不均的问题。利用数值模拟方法可以优化模具结构,提出的多腔壁板铝型材挤压模具优化三步曲对同类铝型材挤压模具结构设计具有一定的指导意义。     

摩托车倒档锥度环温挤压成形有限元模拟及模具设计

通过对摩托车倒档锥度环温挤压成形过程进行有限元模拟与分析,解决成形过程中出现的问题,并设计出摩托车倒档锥度环的温挤压成形模具。模拟结果显示,优化工艺参数后的成形件质量良好,只有少量纵向毛刺和飞边,材料利用率高,表明温挤压是一项有效的毛坯精化技术。