新型刀具材料的研究现状

文章分别介绍了涂层刀具和陶瓷刀具使用材料及使用过程中的注意事项,并对两种超硬刀具材料进行了简单描述,总结了我国刀具材料的发展方向.     

陶瓷刀具材料及其发展前景

在简要介绍陶瓷刀具材料的性能特点、种类及应用的基础上,分析了陶瓷刀具材料的发展趋势和前景.     

浅谈加工模具中刀具材料的选用

分析了焊接切削用刀具在切削性能和加工精度方面的不足,比较了新型模具材料的优缺点,认为氮化硅系陶瓷刀具和碳化钛基硬质合金刀具。适合加工小型模具,而大型模具使用涂层硬质合金刀具较为合适。     

刀具材料的现状及发展

此文是H Pastor所著,他全面评述了切削工具的现状和发展,有一定的参考价值,现将其重要部分编译如下。切削刀具有三个主要材料族,即硬质合金、金属陶瓷、陶瓷及其它。     

新型陶瓷刀具材料抗弯强度的统计特性分析

研究了一种新型陶瓷刀具材料的抗弯强度有其统计特性，并据此优化了热压工艺参数，分析了其断裂特征。线性回归分析和Ｋ－Ｓ分布拟合检验的结果表明：该陶瓷刀具材料的抗弯强度很好地服从三参数威布尔分布，并进一步建立了抗弯强度尺寸效应的统计模型。     

复合陶瓷刀具材料的现状与发展

介绍了一些复合陶瓷刀具材料的性能和应用。     

热像仪法实测陶瓷刀具切削区的温度场分布

采用ＴＶＳ－２２００型红外热像仪分别测定了Ｓｉ３Ｎ４、Ｔｉ（ＣＮ）陶瓷刀具以不同切削速度切削１０４５钢和１Ｃｒ１８Ｎｉ９Ｔｉ奥氏体不锈钢时前后面切削区温度场的分布。红外热像照片直观地呈现了陶瓷刀具切削区的辐射温度。通过计算机数据处理，获得不同陶瓷刀具在不同切削速度下切削不同材料时前后刀面的真实温度分布。成功地试验了一种新的陶瓷刀具测温技术，同时为研究陶瓷刀具磨损规律及机理，提高刀具寿命提供了科学依     

陶瓷刀具材料的研究进展

陶瓷刀具材料是一种先进的刀具材料.文章介绍了陶瓷刀具材料的特点和种类,指出了陶瓷刀具材料发展方向,并展望了其发展前景.     

现代陶瓷工具材料

本文介绍目前几种主要的陶瓷工具材料——纯氧化物陶瓷、混合氧化物陶瓷和硼化物陶瓷的研究、材料性能及其应用。     

陶瓷刀具有切削性能及其应用

介绍了陶瓷刀具的切削性能、牌号、使用范围及其使用效果；提出了加工过程中应注意的问题。     

Introduction to Ceramic Matrix Composites in Aerospace Applications

A review of ceramic matrix composites is presented as related to their type, use, and fabrication. Ceramic composites have the potential for high fracture toughness, resistance to catastrophic failure, high strength, low density, low thermal expansion, and high temperature capability and oxidation resistance. For continued development, there are a number of key technical needs including new refractory matrices, new stable fibers, and inert coatings for flbers, as well as affordable techniques which produce the desired composite properties and accomplish complex shape capability. A better materials understanding is necessary, including fiber∕matrix interaction, and mechanics∕structure∕property relationships. Finally, technologies for transition to practice are required, including advanced materials characterization, component design methodology, large scale fabrication, attachment techniques, and nondestructive evaluation. While these composites are in the research and development stage, they offer the structural engineer excellent rigidity, high strength‐to‐weight ratio, high temperature capability and a noncatastrophic failure mode. Potential applications include turbine and internal combustion engines, aerospace structures, and high temperature leading edges and skins. A current application is the use of SiC whisker reinforced Al2O3 matrix composites as cutting tools. Significantly increased cutting speeds, improved interrupted cut performance and increased tool life are found.     

Superhard materials in mechanical engineering

The main trends in scientific studies on the production of superhard materials have been identified and defined. Amongst these are the development of new and highly efficient synthesis methods, the production of automatic equipment for synthesizing diamonds and cubic boron nitride, an extension to the materials range and improvements to their physicomechanical properties. The results obtained enable urgent technological problems in mechanical engineering to be solved. In particular, 3 mm single crystal synthetic diamonds can be produced for superprecision machining, as a substitute for poor efficiency grinding, and manual finishing using superhard materials as the tool blade, machining of new high strength and heat resistant ceramic materials, numerically controlled computer equipment, automatic lines and machine shops with highly efficient and accurate abrasive and blade tools. Some materials used in modern mechanical engineering are described, and the results of studies in the field of superhard material tool manufacture are presented. The importance of tribological methods for improving the reliability, durability and efficiency of machines and mechanisms is emphasized.Translated from Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya, No. 5, pp. 8–13, May, 1993.     

Dispersed strengthening of a diamond composite electrochemical coating with nanoparticles

Results of investigations into strengthening the nickel host in the diamond composite electrochemical coating (DCEC) with nanodispersed particles are reflected. Diamond nanopowders of the detonation synthesis, which were introduced into the DCEC through the electrolyte, are applied as the strengthening phase. As a result, the microhardness of the nickel host increased by a factor of 3, while the durability of tubular drilling tools after the deposition of the diamond coating increased by a factor of 4. The developed technology can be used when producing a diamond tool for cutting stone, glass, and ceramic materials, as well as to produce correcting tools.     

Application Framework for Development of Simulation Tools

Development of specialized construction simulation tools is a time-consuming and complex operation. This has hindered the effective and wide use of simulation in the construction industry. An object-oriented application framework is a promising software engineering principle, which can help in overcoming this obstacle. Application frameworks encapsulate reusable code as well as common design patterns for a specific class of applications so that development of new tools is greatly simplified. This paper describes this new principle and applies it to the development of a construction simulation object library. A case study performed to compare the efforts between framework- and nonframework-based simulation tool development revealed that productivity can be dramatically improved.     

Composition, Processing Technology and Property of Ceramic Die Materials Containing Rare Earth Additives

Development and application of new ceramic die materials is one of the important topics in the field of die research. The composition, processing technology, mechanical property and engineering performance of the ceramic materials such as cermet, ZTA, TZP, TZP/Al2O3, TZP/TiC/Al2O3, PSZ and Sialon, etc., with rare earth yttrium, lanthanum and cerium, and so on working as additives, were investigated and analyzed in the present study. Problems existed in the research and application of rare earth ceramic die materials were discussed. Rare earth additives can effectively improve the mechanical property and engineering performance of ceramic die materials. Thus, it will have further perspectives of wider application. More attention should be paid in the future to the toughening and strengthening of the ceramic die materials, the adding forms and kinds of rare earth elements and acting mechanisms of rare earth additives in ceramic die materials.     

Development of Functionally Graded Sintered Hard Materials

Abstract

Functionally graded materials consisting of two different materials with a graded interlayer have attracted much interest for their ability to exhibit the characteristics of the individual materials plus new functionality. This concept was applied to the field of hard materials. The developed material consists of a titanium based ceramic surface layer, a tough cemented carbonitride core containing Bl type and WC phases, and an intermediate layer with graded composition. The surface region is characterised by a high compressive residual stress of 0·8 GN m^?2. When applied in the form of cutting tools, the material was found to have an abrasion resistance and fracture toughness much higher than those of a conventional cermet of uniform composition. Because of the graded composition, the ceramic surface layer has high adhesive strength, providing longer life than coated tools when spalling of the film can occur easily. The new material is produced by controlled sintering of a green compact of uniform composition. PM/0743     

New technologies in powder metallurgy and ceramics developed in Belarus. A survey

Basic trends in scientific and technical activity, new technologies in powder metallurgy, and new materials created at the Institute of Powder Metallurgy of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus since the early 1990s through the present day are considered. The article reviews the contribution of Belarus scientists to the development of sintered functional materials and anti-friction composite materials, the development of technologies of drop forging of sintered billets, infiltration of powder compacts, warm pressing of powders and additional pressing of compacts, in the creation of porous powdered materials with anisotropic structure, porous-capillary materials, and industrial ceramic, in the use of technologies of powder metallurgy to fabricate diamond tools, and create materials and technologies of thermal deposition of coatings from powders. __________ Translated from Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya, Nos. 1–2(447), 118–128, January–February, 2006.     

U-FAST在先进材料研发中的应用

本文介绍了升级版的电场辅助烧结技术U-FAST(SPS)技术,该技术采用了现代电源技术,具有更快的加热速度,可以广泛的应用于先进材料的研发。如应用在烧结碳化物(WC-Co)、热电材料(PbTe)、Zr-Cu-Al-Nb(块状金属玻璃)、复合材料、透明陶瓷材料、生物材料、金刚石增加复合材料(EDC)等,并介绍了应用U-FAST工艺生产的特点。在较低温度和较短时间下开始烧结过程且不会产生任何不利的晶粒生长,使U-FAST技术成为生产纳米晶和亚微米材料的理想工艺,将电场辅助烧烧结技术提升到新高度。     

稀土在硬质合金烧结体表面富集现象的开发前景

主要介绍了稀土在硬质合金烧结体表面的富集现象以及这一新发现在开发功能硬面材料、磨料、炉内清洁材料、高性能硬质合金工具新材料以及高性能双相结构功能梯度硬质合金中的应用前景。