共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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纳米Al对RDX基炸药机械感度和火焰感度的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用机械混合法制备了含纳米Al的RDX基混合炸药,测试了其机械感度和火焰感度,用扫描电镜表征了纳米Al及其炸药的表面形貌,分析了感度变化的原因。结果表明,加入纳米Al后,RDX基炸药的撞击感度、摩擦感度和火焰感度增大;随着纳米Al含量的增加,撞击感度、摩擦感度和火焰感度明显增大;且含纳米Al炸药的撞击感度、摩擦感度和火焰感度均高于含微米Al炸药。纳米Al及含纳米Al炸药均存在微量团聚现象,在一定程度上影响了含纳米Al的RDX基炸药的感度。 相似文献
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FOX-7和RDX基含铝炸药的冲击起爆特性 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为研究FOX-7和RDX基含铝炸药的冲击起爆特性,对其进行了冲击波感度试验和冲击起爆试验,结合冲击波在铝隔板中的衰减特性,确定了FOX-7和RDX基含铝炸药的临界隔板值和临界起爆压力,并通过锰铜压阻传感器记录了起爆至稳定爆轰过程压力历程的变化。结果表明,以Φ40mm×50mm的JH-14为主发装药时,FOX-7和RDX基含铝炸药临界隔板值分别为37.51和34.51mm,对应的临界起爆压力为10.91和11.94GPa;起爆压力为11.58GPa时,FOX-7炸药的到爆轰距离为25.49~30.46mm,稳定爆轰后的爆轰压力为27.68GPa,爆轰速度为8 063m/s;起爆压力为14.18GPa时,RDX基含铝炸药的到爆轰距离为17.27~23.53mm,稳定爆轰后的爆轰压力为17.16GPa,爆轰速度为6 261m/s。 相似文献
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参照GJB 736.8—1990的试验方法,对奥克托今(HMX)基高聚物黏结炸药在71℃高温条件下进行了长达203 d的加速老化试验,每隔一定时间测定其撞击感度。研究发现:炸药的撞击感度在加热到147 d以后有下降的趋势,与老化前相比下降了20%,但初期下降比较明显,后期下降比较缓慢,主要是由于热老化首先引起炸药中硝化棉分解,硝化棉的分解产物进一步引起HMX分解。 相似文献
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以石蜡作包覆剂,采用两种包覆工艺制备了的4种HMX基含铝炸药,用小型密闭燃烧装置测试了其燃烧过程中压力随时间的变化,通过比较准静态压力得到其燃烧能量大小的关系。用气相色谱仪测量气相燃烧产物的含量,通过化学计算研究了不同包覆工艺制备的含铝炸药中铝粉的反应率。用扫描电镜(SEM)表征了含铝炸药的微观形貌。结果表明,黏结剂的包覆工艺直接影响含铝炸药的微观形态;采用包覆工艺1制备的含铝炸药中未包覆的铝粉更有利于在燃烧初期的吸热,使铝粉的反应率提高约5.8%,燃烧总能量也相应提高。 相似文献
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为了研究硝酸酯对RDX基含铝炸药驱动能力的影响,采用圆筒试验研究了含硝酸酯的RDX基含铝炸药加速圆筒壁膨胀速度和格尼能的变化过程,并与不含硝酸酯的RDX基含铝炸药进行了对比,分析了硝酸酯对炸药能量释放特性及金属驱动能力的影响。结果表明,硝酸酯可改善RDX基含铝炸药的铝氧比,改变其反应速率;在反应初期,含硝酸酯的RDX基炸药加速筒壁的速度低于不含硝酸酯的炸药,而在爆炸反应中后期,含硝酸酯的RDX基炸药加速筒壁的速度以及格尼能均高于不含硝酸酯的炸药;含硝酸酯的RDX基含铝炸药的能量释放特性使其适合用于破片战斗部中,可提高其金属驱动能力。 相似文献
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为了研究黏结剂对CL-20/FOX-7基PBX性能的影响,分别以Estane、EPDM、ACM、EVA为黏结剂,采用水悬浮法制备了含有不同黏结剂成分的CL-20/FOX-7基高聚物黏结炸药(PBX);采用场发射扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、激光粒度分析仪、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)对样品结构、形貌和热分解特性进行了表征;使用撞击感度测试仪、摩擦感度测试仪和小型烤燃实验装置测试了不同样品的机械感度和烤燃特性。结果表明,以EVA为黏结剂制备的CL-20/FOX-7基PBX造型粉颗粒密实,表面光滑且没有脱粘外漏现象,包覆粘结效果最好;以EVA为黏结剂制备的PBX活化能较细化CL-20提高了87.75 kJ/mol,较FOX-7原料提高了42.52 kJ/mol,说明使用EVA的PBX热稳定性较原料有一定提升;同时该PBX样品特性落高(H 50)较细化CL-20提高25.6 cm,摩擦感度爆炸概率降低52%,较使用Estane、EPDM和ACM的PBX样品机械感度更低;使用EVA的PBX药柱在升温速率为6K/min的慢速烤燃条件下,烤燃反应等级为燃烧,说明该配方能够达到烤燃安全试验要求,安全性能较好。 相似文献
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This study investigates the interaction of vinyl acetic (VA) content of ethylene‐vinyl acetate (EVA), pH level of Samarium borate (SmBO3), and Sb‐doped SnO2 (ATO) on reinforcement of peroxide‐cured ethylene‐propylene‐diene rubber (EPDM)/SmBO3 and EPDM/ATO composites. It was found that EVA could both reinforce mechanical properties of EPDM, and enhance fluidity of gum during processing. During vulcanization, the interaction of VA groups and pH value of filler particles can influence the crosslink density of EPDM composites. In alkaline EPDM/SmBO3/EVA, VA groups could hydrolyze to produce polyvinyl alcohol and reduce pH level of medium by consuming OH−. When dispersed in acidic EPDM/ATO/EVA, VA groups could generate polyunsaturated bonds and acetic acid during vulcanization. The double bonds could react with dicumyl peroxide (DCP) and then boost crosslink efficiency of EPDM composites. Moreover, acetic acid and reduction of pH value could make DCP decompose into ions, and lower crosslink density of EPDM composites. In addition to the contribution of crosslink density, EVA could crystallize in EPDM composites to reinforce EPDM composites. Electric properties of EPDM were also affected. Surface and volume resistivity of EPDM composites decreased with the rise of VA content. As for EPDM/SmBO3/EVA composites, the growth of VA groups could boost dielectric constant and loss, decrease dielectric strength, due to the enhancement of polarity and reduction of crosslink density. In terms of EPDM/ATO/EVA composites, the EPDM/ATO/EVA14 possesses the highest dielectric constant and loss, and the lowest dielectric strength, because of the competing effect of VA content and crosslink density. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010 相似文献
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Lourdes D. Turreda Yasushi Sekiguchi Mototsugu Takemoto Mikio Kajiyama Yasunori Hatano Hiroshi Mizumachi 《应用聚合物科学杂志》1998,70(2):409-418
Measurements of the shear, tensile, peel, and creep strength of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA)/CaCO3/terpene phenol adhesive system at three different ratios [100/60/0 (EVA-O), 80/48/20 (EVA-20), and 60/36/40 (EVA-40) by weight, using wood and aluminum as adherends] were conducted. Over a wide range of temperatures and rates of deformation, adhesion shear, tensile, and peel strength results, as well as the creep response over a broad range of temperature and stresses, were found to yield a single master curve by means of the reduced-variable technique. It was observed that the peak of E′ representing Tg, shifted toward higher temperatures as the amount of terpene phenol in the blend was increased. The most obvious effect of increasing the tackifier resin was the shifting of the adhesion strength master curves to the direction of lower rates. The shift was associated with the rise in Tg as the blend ratio was increased. The influence of the tackifier resin in modifying the viscoelastic properties of the adhesive was further described in a comparison of the adhesion strength master curves with corresponding dynamic viscoelastic curves of the adhesive films. The master curves for the creep response of the adhesives showed that the stress-breaking time relationship shifts toward longer time for EVA-40 with high Tg. Thus, it was found that the strength of adhesion is due mainly to dynamic effects in the adhesive of a viscous nature in the same way to the cohesive strength of the viscoelastic materials. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 70: 409–418, 1998 相似文献
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H. A. Khonakdar S. H. Jafari A. Haghighi‐Asl U. Wagenknecht L. Häussler U. Reuter 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2007,103(5):3261-3270
Uncrosslinked and chemically crosslinked binary blends of low‐ and high‐density polyethylene (PE), with ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), were prepared by a melt‐mixing process using 0–3 wt % tert‐butyl cumyl peroxide (BCUP). The uncrosslinked blends revealed two distinct unchanged melting peaks corresponding to the individual components of the blends, but with a reduced overall degree of crystallinity. The crosslinking further reduced crystallinity, but enhanced compatibility between EVA and polyethylene, with LDPE being more compatible than HDPE. Blended with 20 wt % EVA, the EVA melting peak was almost disappeared after the addition of BCUP, and only the corresponding PE melting point was observed at a lowered temperature. But blended with 40% EVA, two peaks still existed with a slight shift toward lower temperatures. Changes of mechanical properties with blending ratio, crosslinking, and temperature had been dominated by the extent of crystallinity, crosslinking degree, and morphology of the blend. A good correlation was observed between elongation‐at‐break and morphological properties. The blends with higher level of compatibility showed less deviation from the additive rule of mixtures. The deviation became more pronounced for HDPE/EVA blends in the phase inversion region, while an opposite trend was observed for LDPE/EVA blends with co‐continuous morphology. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 3261–3270, 2007 相似文献
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Haiyang Yu Yong Zhang Shuguo Chen Wentan Ren Martin Hoch Sharon Guo 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2011,119(3):1813-1819
Ethylene‐vinyl acetate rubber (EVM) vulcanizates cured by dicumyl peroxide (DCP) with excellent mechanical properties were obtained by adding superfluous magnesium hydroxides (MH)/methacrylic acid (MAA). Different factors such as the DCP content and MH content were investigated to reveal their effects on the properties of the MH/MAA‐filled EVM vulcanizates. The formulation of DCP of 2 phr, MH of 60 phr, and MAA of 5 phr is recommended for the EVM vulcanizates with excellent mechanical properties. The stress relaxation and stress softening behavior of MH/MAA‐filled EVM vulcanizates were studied. The stress relaxation and stress softening became faster and more obvious with increasing MH content. The hot air aging resistance of EVM vulcanizates filled with different fillers such as silica and high abrasion furnace were compared, and the MH/MAA‐filled EVM vulcanizates had the best aging resistance at 40‐phr filler content. The MH/MAA‐filled EVM vulcanizates had excellent flame retardancy due to the high MH content. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011 相似文献
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为改善RDX的安全性能和力学性能,采用乳液聚合法制备RDX/聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯/氧化石墨烯(RDX/PMMA/GO)微球,并用相同方法制备了RDX/PMMA复合粒子进行对比;通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)和差示扫描热量仪(DSC)对样品进行表征,并测试其撞击感度和药柱的静态力学性能。结果表明,包覆后RDX/PMMA微球形貌趋于球形,RDX/PMMA/GO粒子存在明显的层状皱褶;RDX晶型均未发生改变;与原料RDX和RDX/PMMA相比,RDX/PMMA/GO微球的表观活化能分别提高22.16kJ/mol和15.17kJ/mol,升温速率趋近于0时的峰温和热爆炸临界温度与原料RDX相比分别提升6.45℃和6.23℃;特性落高由包覆前的26.74cm分别提至62.95cm和78.52cm,撞击感度明显降低。RDX/PMMA/GO抗压强度比RDX/PMMA增加了7.5MPa,表明GO的加入对复合材料的力学性能提升明显。 相似文献
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Polymer blend technology has been widely used for the past several years for the modification or enhancement of mechanical properties of polymers to obtain an overall balance of properties over those of the constituents. Despite its interesting mechanical and thermal properties, the impact strength of polypropylene leaves wide scope for improvement. A series of blends of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer with an impact grade of isotactic polypropylene (i‐PP) were prepared by single screw extrusion at 0–0.32 volume fraction of the dispersed phase. The mechanical properties such as tensile behavior, elongation‐at‐break, and impact strength of these blends systems as well as crystallinity were evaluated. Crystallinity data have been used in greater depth to support the mechanical properties. Differential scanning calorimetry studies conducted to study the modification in crystallinity of the crystalline component, i‐PP, of the blend revealed that the rubber component of the blend enhanced the crystallinity of i‐PP phase by providing sites for nucleation. Tensile modulus and strength decreased while the impact strength and breaking elongation enhanced with blending elastomer concentration. The improved properties of these PP/EVA blends are encouraging for carrying out further work on this system (composites) and suggest potential high impact strength applications for PP. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012 相似文献