含氟牙膏的制作

制作了含不同基质的氟化物牙膏,测定了牙膏在保质期内各个时期的可溶氟含量,讨论了牙膏可溶氟的保存量与磨擦剂之间的关系。     

磷石膏品质对过硫磷石膏矿渣水泥浆性能影响研究

研究了磷石膏中可溶磷、共晶磷和可溶氟对过硫磷石膏矿渣水泥浆物理性能的影响规律,通过添加钢渣粉对磷石膏进行改性,并对钢渣粉的改善机理进行了初步探讨。结果表明,磷石膏中可溶磷、共晶磷和可溶氟含量对过硫磷石膏矿渣水泥浆的凝结时间和胶砂强度影响显著。磷石膏经过适量的钢渣粉预处理可以缩短水泥浆凝结时间并提高其早期强度。因此,合理控制磷石膏中可溶磷、共晶磷和可溶氟含量并采用钢渣粉进行预处理,可以制备凝结时间较短,早期强度较高的过硫磷石膏矿渣水泥浆。     

磷石膏制备混凝土膨胀剂

用磷石膏代替天然石膏,以膨胀熟料、磷石膏和石灰石为原料制备了高性能混凝土膨胀剂,考察了原料配比(膨胀熟料∶磷石膏∶石灰石,质量比)、自由水含量、可溶氟含量、可溶磷含量及磷石膏改性温度对膨胀剂性能的影响。结果表明:当原料配比为45∶20∶35、改性温度为650℃时,7d和21d的限制膨胀率分别为0.038%和-0.014%;当膨胀剂原料中自由水含量小于2.0%、可溶氟含量小于1.8%、可溶磷含量小于5.0%时,膨胀剂的凝结时间、限制膨胀率、抗压强度均符合国标要求。     

石灰粉煤灰改性磷石膏做水泥调凝剂的研究

采用石灰、粉煤灰复合改性磷石膏的方法制备出水泥调凝剂。结果表明：该方法可有效固结磷石膏中有害杂质可溶磷、可溶氟；对于可溶磷、氟含量较高的磷石膏，必须经过改性后方可使用，改性后的磷石膏可取代天然石膏，在保证水泥性能的前提下，可节省熟料，降低成本。     

不同形态氟对石膏性能的影响

将不同形态氟加入天然石膏中模拟磷石膏,通过DSC/TG同步热分析研究它们对石膏脱水过程的影响,通过测定液相过饱和度、结晶水含量、凝结时间和硬化体强度以及SEM分析方法研究可溶氟对建筑石膏水化进程、宏观物理性能和硬化体微观结构的影响.结果表明:可溶氟和不溶氟对石膏脱水过程没有影响.可溶氟使建筑石膏水化初期液相过饱和度偏低,水化加速期提前,凝结时间缩短;使二水石膏晶体粗化,硬化体强度降低.     

离子色谱测定氟树脂涂料中溶剂可溶物氟含量的检测方法研究

详细介绍了离子色谱仪测定氟树脂涂料中溶剂可溶物氟含量的检测方法,通过方法验证试验表明,本方法线性范围广,检出限和定量限低,精密度良好,回收率高。     

氟碳涂料氟含量的红外测定方法研究

采用红外光谱通过建立氟含量定量分析标准工作曲线,选择C—F键特征吸收峰所在的1 400～1 000 cm-1光谱区域作为定量分析信息区,对涂料溶剂可溶物氟含量进行定量分析,并用氟离子电极法对结果准确性进行验证。结果表明,当C—F的质量浓度为1.3～13 mg/mL时,线性回归方程为A=1.04[ρ（C—F）/（mg.mL-1）]＋5.15（R2=0.987）;与氟离子选择电极法对比,回收率在可接受范围内。该方法简单可行、准确可靠,可用于涂料溶剂可溶物氟含量。     

交联型氟树脂涂料中溶剂可溶物氟含量的测定及分析

介绍了测定交联型氟树脂涂料中溶剂可溶物氟含量的方法。分析了影响试验结果的主要因素。试验表明:样品的前处理、氟电极实际斜率的测定以及电位的测定会给测试结果带来较大的影响。     

NMR在牙膏可溶氟含量测试中的应用

介绍了一种新的测试方法即核磁共振法（NMR）在牙膏可溶氟含量测试中的应用，并与国家标准方法做了简单的比较。     

煅烧和蒸养预处理对磷石膏中水溶性杂质去除效果的对比研究

将磷石膏采用不同温度煅烧和蒸养的方式进行预处理,通过测定各种不同预处理磷石膏中可溶磷、可溶氟的含量,对比研究不同预处理方式对磷石膏水溶性杂质的去除效果;并通过XRD、SEM分析不同预处理磷石膏的矿物组成及微观结构。     

Stability of Acid-Resistant Red Porcelain Enamels

The comparative acid resistance of a series of enamels was determined by the loss-in-weight test and by the spot test. The stability of the red color oxide in these enamels was also studied by varying the alumina, fluoride, soda, and potassia contents in the frit. Improved acid resistance was obtained with no alumina and no fluoride in the frit. The stability of the red color was markedly influenced by the fluoride content; the absence of fluoride in the frit gave very poor stability.     

利用不溶性含钾岩石生产硫酸钾的工艺技术

为有效利用不溶性含钾岩石（主要成分为钾长石、铁的化合物等）中的各种有价元素,采用氟化铵将不溶性含钾岩石处理成为酸可溶物,进一步生产硫酸钾等产品。其工艺步骤包括：1）不溶性含钾岩石前处理;2）氟化铵处理不溶性含钾岩石;3）氟化铵处理后的产物过滤;4）氟化铵处理后的产物酸解;5）硫酸处理后的产物水溶;6）调pH分级沉淀后得硫酸钾溶液;7）氟化铵溶液再生和回用。涉及的工艺过程温度低,易于控制,反应收率高。该工艺氟化铵循环使用,综合利用了不溶性含钾岩石的各种有价元素,有效降低了各种产品的生产成本,使本技术有较好的经济效益。     

大修渣浸出液中氟离子快速测定方法研究

作为固体危险废物,电解铝大修渣浸出液中含有大量氟离子,其处理处置都需测定氟离子含量。目前,测定大修渣浸出液中氟离子含量的方法普遍采用的是GB 5086.1—1997《固体废物 浸出毒性浸出方法 翻转法》,耗时长、效率低。针对这一问题,提出了一种快速测定大修渣浸出液中氟离子含量的方法,即通过强化固液界面传质过程,促进大修渣中可溶性氟化物的固液转移,从而大大提高了检测效率,由18 h缩减至0.5 h。实验结果表明,大修渣氟离子浸出质量为9 000~70 000 mg/kg,相对标准偏差均小于5.0%,加标回收率为96.35%~108.8%,说明快速测定法测定结果稳定,准确性高,有望成为测定大修渣浸出液中氟离子含量的标准方法。     

防止氟化铝母液脱硅工艺中铝、氟消耗方法研究

在氟化铝母液中添加氯化铝等可溶性铝盐,可有效地阻止钠,氟,铝间冰晶石固体物质的形成,从而达到防止氟化铝脱硅工艺中铝,氟的损耗,确保氟硅酸钠的产品质量,同时提高母液利用的经济效益。     

溶胶-凝胶-微波法制备阴阳离子同时掺杂型LiAl_xMn_(2-x)O_yF_z

以LiNO3、Al(NO3)3·9H2O、LiF和MnNO3为原料,通过控制n(Li)/n(Mn)和Al、F掺杂量,溶胶-凝胶-微波法在750℃下合成阴阳离子复合掺杂型Li1.00Al0.05Mn1.95O3.95F0.05电极材料。XRD实验证明Li1.00Al0.05Mn1.95O3.95F0.05为纯尖晶石结构。掺杂适量的Al可以改善材料的循环性能,掺杂氟不但可以不降低材料的初始比容量而且可以显著降低材料在高温使用时的容量损失。Li1.00Al0.05Mn1.95O3.95F0.05在室温条件下的首次放电比容量达到115mAh/g,循环50次后放电比容量仍保持在109mAh/g,即使在55°C的高温,50次的总容量损失率也仅有10.1%。     

Effect of fluoride ions on the corrosion of aluminium in sulphuric acid and zinc electrolyte

The effect of fluoride ions on the corrosion of aluminium in sulphuric acid and zinc electrolyte has been investigated through thermodynamic analysis and corrosion experiments. The solution chemistry of aluminium, zinc, and iron in aqueous solution in the absence and in the presence of fluoride ions was studied with the construction of the Eh-pH diagrams for the Al–F–H₂O, Zn–F–H₂O and Fe–F–H₂O systems at 25°C. In the presence of fluoride ions, aluminium can form a series of aluminium-fluoride complexes depending on the fluoride concentration and pH whereas zinc and iron can form soluble or insoluble metal-fluoride complex species only at relatively high fluoride concentration and at higher pH values. Experimental results show that in the presence of fluoride ions, the corrosion of pure aluminium in sulphuric acid is due to uniform dissolution and the reaction rate depends on the fluoride concentration. In zinc electrolyte containing fluoride ions, zinc deposits onto the pure aluminium substrate spontaneously and the amount of deposited zinc also depends on the fluoride concentration. On the other hand, the presence of iron in the Al–Fe alloy accelerates the corrosion of aluminium in H₂SO₄ and zinc electrolyte significantly and prevents the deposition of zinc on the aluminium surface. The effect of fluoride ions on zinc adherence to the aluminium is also discussed.     

Granulation of Fe-Al-Ce nano-adsorbent for fluoride removal from drinking water by spray coating on sand in a fluidized bed

A technology for the granulation of Fe-Al-Ce nano-adsorbent (Fe-Al-Ce) in a fluidized bed was developed. The coating reagent, a mixture of Fe-Al-Ce and a polymer latex, was sprayed onto sand in a fluidized bed. The granule morphology, coating layer thickness, granule stability in water and adsorption capacity for fluoride was investigated by analyzing samples for different coating time. The coating amount was from 3% to 36%. With increasing coating amount, granule stability decreased and adsorption capacity increased. FTIR analysis showed that the latex can react with active hydroxyl on the Fe-Al-Ce adsorbent, which led to a decrease of the adsorption capacity. Coated granules with a coating amount of 27.5% had a fluoride adsorption capacity of 2.22 mg/g (coated granules) at pH 7 and initial fluoride concentration of 0.001 M. A column test showed that 300 bed volumes can be treated with the effluent under 1.0 mg/L at an initial fluoride concentration of 5.5 mg/L, space velocity of 5 h^− 1 and pH of 5.8. The coating granulation of the Fe-Al-Ce adsorbent can produce granules that can be used in a packed bed for the removal of fluoride from drinking water.     

离子选择电极法测定氟化物的一点校正法

认证了测定氟化物时当氟电极洗涤的最大空白值不同和电极电位漂移的情况下,用一点校正法解决样品测量中的稳定性和重现性差及准确度不高的问题。     

PVDF纤维湿纺研究

本文论述了PVDF(偏二氟乙烯)等可溶性含氟树脂以DMSO(或DMF)为溶剂的湿法纺丝工艺,着重对影响氟物性的有关因素进行了讨论与阐述.