超疏水SiO_2/含氟聚合物复合材料的制备与表征EI北大核心CSCD

以乙烯基功能化的SiO2粒子(Vinyl-SiO2)为种子,苯乙烯(St)和甲基丙烯酸十三氟辛酯(FOMA)为共聚单体,通过乳液聚合法制备了SiO2/含氟聚合物(SiO2/PFS)复合材料。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱、扫描电镜、透射电镜等方法对产物的化学组成及形态进行了表征。结果表明,含氟聚合物成功接枝在SiO2粒子的表面,SiO2/PFS复合材料呈不规则的核壳结构。对SiO2/PFS复合材料进行水接触角测定,结果显示,FOMA的用量对SiO2/PFS复合材料的疏水性有较大的影响。当m(FOMA)/m(St)=0.3时,SiO2/PFS复合材料在1~14的pH范围内具有很好的化学稳定性,且接触角高达171°。     

纳米SiO2层层组装构建超疏水表面

采用500nm和20nm的SiO2粒子,通过表面改性使其分别具有氨基和环氧基,利用氨基和环氧基的反应使500nm和20nm的SiO2粒子形成复合粒子,制备了具有微纳米双尺寸粗糙度的超疏水表面。通过扫描电镜和接触角测量仪对超疏水表面的结构及性能进行了表征,发现其具有微纳米二级结构,测得其静态接触角达到156°,滚动角小于3°,并且能够承受240℃的高温而保持其超疏水性能,为超疏水表面的制备提供了一种新的方法。     

超疏水SiO_2/含氟聚合物复合材料的制备与表征

以乙烯基功能化的SiO2粒子(Vinyl-SiO2)为种子,苯乙烯(St)和甲基丙烯酸十三氟辛酯(FOMA)为共聚单体,通过乳液聚合法制备了SiO2/含氟聚合物(SiO2/PFS)复合材料。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱、扫描电镜、透射电镜等方法对产物的化学组成及形态进行了表征。结果表明,含氟聚合物成功接枝在SiO2粒子的表面,SiO2/PFS复合材料呈不规则的核壳结构。对SiO2/PFS复合材料进行水接触角测定,结果显示,FOMA的用量对SiO2/PFS复合材料的疏水性有较大的影响。当m(FOMA)/m(St)=0.3时,SiO2/PFS复合材料在1~14的pH范围内具有很好的化学稳定性,且接触角高达171°。     

聚合物/疏水性SiO2超疏水复合涂层的制备及表征

使用低密度聚乙烯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯和疏水性SiO2为原料,通过简单的共混涂膜方法在玻璃基底上制得了具有超疏水性能的聚乙烯/疏水性SiO2和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯/疏水性SiO2复合涂层;用接触角测量仪、扫描电子显微镜、X-射线光电子能谱仪等分析手段对涂层的润湿性能、微观结构以及表面化学成分等进行了表征。结果表明,所制备的两种聚合物/疏水性SiO2复合涂层的静态水接触角都超过150°,滚动角低至3.0°。聚合物和疏水性SiO2共混涂膜后形成了类似于荷叶的微纳米二元结构,是其表面具有优异超疏水性能的主要原因。     

羟基硅油改性SiO2制备复合粒子及超疏水涂层的制备与性能

利用羟基硅油的独特性质改性纳米SiO₂制备了一种具有纳米结构的弹性微米级复合SiO₂粒子,并用其与107硅橡胶复合制备出了超疏水涂层。探究了粒子用量对疏水性的影响。使用扫描电镜、接触角测量仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪和热失重分析仪对改性后的粒子和超疏水涂层进行表征。结果表明：羟基硅油改性后的粒子与硅橡胶涂料相容性极好,由于粒子表面的硅氧烷分子链能与硅橡胶分子链缠结,且拥有多级粗糙结构的粒子能与固化后的硅橡胶树脂产生机械咬合,因此超疏水涂层拥有良好的机械性能。在40%含量时综合性能最好,疏水角为154.6°,能在500g负载下(约5.4kPa压强),在1000目砂纸上磨损6m仍具有良好的超疏水性。     

SBR-SiO2超疏水涂层的制备与性能

利用羟基硅油(HSO)对白炭黑(SiO2)进行疏水改性,并用过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)对丁苯橡胶(SBR)胶浆进行适度交联,通过粒子填充法制备了超疏水SBR-SiO2涂层。研究了HSO、SiO2和DCP用量及交联条件对涂层成膜性能和润湿性能的影响,探讨了涂层热氧老化和紫外光老化过程中超疏水性能的变化。结果表明,当m(HSO)∶m(SiO2)=1∶1、HSO-SiO2用量为3.5g、DCP用量为0.25g、交联温度为155℃、交联时间为20min时,涂层成膜性能好,接触角为157.0°,且热氧老化和紫外光老化后仍保持较好的超疏水性。扫描电镜照片表明涂层具有微纳米多尺度粗糙结构。     

基于纤维素纳米纤维的超疏水涂层制备研究

采用简单的浸涂法制备具有优异自清洁性能和良好耐久性能的超疏水涂层。基于纤维素纳米纤维(CNF)与低表面能物质聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS),以棉织物为基底制备了超疏水涂层,实现了棉织物表面功能化。通过单因素实验分别研究不同浓度CNF以及不同浓度PDMS对涂层疏水性的影响,并采用红外光谱(FT-IR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、热重分析(TGA)等对超疏水涂层进行了测试表征。CNF和PDMS在棉织物表面牢固结合,成功制备了耐久超疏水涂层。SEM结果显示,与纯PDMS涂层相比,CNF构筑了超疏水涂层所需的微观粗糙结构,为超疏水涂层的制备提供了有利条件。当PDMS浓度为4%,CNF浓度为4%时,超疏水涂层的水滴接触角(WCA)达159.2°,水滴滚动角(WSA)为4.3°。耐摩擦测试结果显示,经过40次砂纸摩擦之后涂层的水滴接触角仍达150.3°,具有超疏水性能,说明PDMS为涂层提供低表面能的同时,也具有良好的粘结性能进而提高了涂层的耐久性能。采用CNF和PDMS在棉织物表面成功制备了耐久超疏水涂层,同时实现了优异的自清洁、防水抗污性能,并且具有良好的耐久性能。     

透明超疏水疏油涂层的制备及性能

以纳米SiO2和聚合物为原料,采用喷涂的方法,在不同基材的复杂工件表面形成均一涂层,并研究了SiO2含量对涂层性能的影响。结果表明,所得涂层与水接触角>150°,与油的接触角超过90°,具有超疏水性和疏油性。此外,涂层具有很好的透明性,涂层硬度高达6H,附着力达到5B。适当添加纳米SiO2,涂层的疏水性、疏油性以及透过率均得到增强。     

仿生超疏水涂层的制备及其性能

目前,超疏水涂层多采用含氟低表面能化合物制备,成本较高,工艺较复杂,限制了其推广应用.为此,通过在环氧酚醛涂料中加入具有疏水作用的表面活性剂和微米轻质碳酸钙颗粒改变涂料的表面状态,在碳钢表面制备了具有仿荷叶表面结构的疏水涂层.利用扫描电镜和接触角测定仪对涂层的表面形貌和疏水性能进行了表征.结果表明:涂层的结构与荷叶表面的的乳突结构具有较好的一致性,水滴在涂层表面的接触角得到了显著提高;涂层具有良好的疏水功能.     

一种基于纳米CaCO3的绿色、简便制备超疏水涂层的方法

以乙醇为溶剂,采用溶液聚合法合成含氟丙烯酸酯聚合物,通过纳米CaCO_3与含氟丙烯酸酯聚合物共混制备有机无机复合涂层。纳米CaCO_3的加入使复合涂层的接触角达到150°以上;以乙醇为溶剂,极大降低了有机溶剂挥发对生物的危害。由于有机无机共混法操作简单,无需特殊设备,因此该制备超疏水涂层的方法具有绿色、简便的显著特征。     

超疏水性气凝胶粉体涂层的制备与性能

为提高建筑物表层的抗蚀性,将经三甲基氯硅烷(TMCS)改性过的疏水性SiO2气凝胶粉体溶于丙酮溶剂中,制成表面防护涂层。研究了不同温度对气凝胶疏水性能的影响,以及超疏水性气凝胶粉体涂层制备条件、涂刷于混凝土表层时对水的耐久性能;利用红外光谱和扫描电镜对其化学基团和微观形貌进行分析。实验结果表明,250℃以下时,气凝胶为超疏水性,之后随温度升高大幅度下降直到完全消失;涂刷次数与气凝胶在分散体系中的质量有关;冲刷时,涂层先由超疏水性变为疏水性,之后长时间保持不变,水浸泡不改变涂层的超疏水性。     

超疏水有机硅涂层的制备与性质研究

利用有机硅对单分散性SiO2纳米球疏水改性,通过浸涂提拉法和加热固化交联制得超疏水涂层。研究了单分散性纳米SiO2溶胶球尺寸大小和有机硅含量对接触角的影响。探讨了涂层在高温与酸碱盐条件下超疏水性能的变化。结果表明,当溶胶SiO2纳米球粒径增加到130 nm,无需继续添加气相SiO2纳米粒子含量就能达到微纳米结构,从而实现超疏水性。随着有机硅含量增加,其接触角会先增加到极大值(151°)而后会下降。此外涂层可耐450℃的高温,在不同的p H值溶液和盐溶液中可保持其超疏水性能。扫描电镜照片表明涂层具有微纳米二维尺度粗糙结构。     

Effect of substrates on the chemical characteristics and evolving structures of an organic superhydrophobic coating

While recent research has used organic coatings to replace chromium-based coatings, the ability of a coating material to repeat its chemical properties on different substrates is still under investigation. The Repellix superhydrophobic compound was developed and deposited on three different substrates using the atomic layer deposition method under the same condition. The films were characterized using the scanning electron microscope, atomic force microscope, water contact angle, attenuated Fourier transform infrared, and x-ray diffractometer. The surface morphology revealed that microstructural evolutions and topologies are different. The roughness of the coating deposited on stainless steel is the highest at 38.39 nanometers, while mild steel substrate showed the least surface roughness at 28.66 nanometers. From observations, the roughness also contributed to the degree of superhydrophobicity of the films deposited on substrates. The multiple hydroxyl functional groups observed in the Fourier transform spectroscopy in the range 3200 cm⁻¹ to 4000 cm⁻¹ would aid the adhesion of deposited films to the substrates. The x-ray diffraction results showed that all substrates had chemical stability, and the Repellix compound is amorphous on all substrates. Stainless steel showed to be the most robust among the substrates considered.     

Stable superhydrophobic surface: fabrication of interstitial cottonlike structure of copper nanocrystals by magnetron sputtering

A stable superhydrophobic copper surface was obtained by radio-frequency magnetic sputtering on Si (100) and quartz substrates. The water contact angle and sliding angle of the superhydrophobic copper surface were 160.5° and 3±1.9°, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) photos show that the superhydrophobic surface structure comprises many uniform nanocrystals with a diameter of about 100 nm. A brief explanation of the formation of this special microstructure and the mechanism of its wettability were proposed.     

Stable superhydrophobic surface: fabrication of interstitial cottonlike structure of copper nanocrystals by magnetron sputtering

Abstract

A stable superhydrophobic copper surface was obtained by radio-frequency magnetic sputtering on Si (100) and quartz substrates. The water contact angle and sliding angle of the superhydrophobic copper surface were 160.5° and 3±1.9°, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) photos show that the superhydrophobic surface structure comprises many uniform nanocrystals with a diameter of about 100 nm. A brief explanation of the formation of this special microstructure and the mechanism of its wettability were proposed.     

海胆形氧化锌纳米结构的制备与光催化性能

以Zn(AC)2.2H2O为原料,NH3.H2O为络合剂,在NaBH4辅助下140℃水热反应2 h制备出ZnO纳米棒自组装的海胆形结构。采用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜和透射电镜对产物进行表征。结果表明,海胆形ZnO结构的直径约为3～17μm,它是由直径约为100 nm,长度约为500 nm～3μm范围的ZnO纳米棒自组装而成。提出了ZnO纳米棒自组装海胆形结构的可能生长机理。NaBH4与溶液中的少量H+结合生成H2气泡,ZnO纳米晶吸附在H2的气液界面形成了纳米颗粒自组装的微球,随着反应时间的延长,组装成微球的ZnO纳米颗粒沿[0001]方向取向生长成ZnO纳米棒,最终形成ZnO纳米棒自组装的海胆形颗粒。室温下以海胆形ZnO纳米结构和ZnO纳米棒为光催化剂,以偶氮染料甲基橙作为光催化研究对象,紫外光照70 min,对甲基橙的降解率分别为97%和67%。     

A non-fluorinated mechanochemically robust volumetric superhydrophobic nanocomposite

The widespread use of water-repellent superhydrophobic surfaces is limited by the inherent fragility of their micro-and nanoscale roughness, which is prone to damage and degradation. Here, we report a non-fluorinated volumetric superhydrophobic nanocomposites that demonstrate mechanochemical robustness. The nanocomposites are produced through the addition of microscale diatomaceous earth and nanoscale fumed silica particles to high-temperature vulcanized silicone rubber. The water-repellency of the surface and bulk of nanocomposites having 120 phr of filler was determined based on the water contact angle and contact angle hysteresis. We compared the water-repellency of nanocomposites of differing diatomaceous earth to fumed silica mass ratios. Increasing the amount of diatomaceous earth enhanced the water-repellency of the nanocomposite surface, whereas an increased amount of fumed silica improved the water-repellency of the bulk material. Moreover, increasing the diatomaceous earth/fumed silica mass ratio improved the cross-linking density and hardness values of the nanocomposite.Despite being subjected to a range of mechanical durability tests, including sandpaper abrasion,knife scratching, tape peeling, water jet impact, and sandblasting, the nanocomposite maintained a water contact angle of 163. and contact angle hysteresis of 2°. When the water-repellency of the prepared nanocomposites eventually deteriorated, we restored their superhydrophobicity by removing the upper surface of the nanocomposite. This extraordinary robustness stems from the embedded low surface energy micro/nanostructures distributed throughout the nanocomposite. We also demonstrated the chemical stability, UV resistance, and self-cleaning abilities of the nanocomposite to illustrate the potential for real-life applications of this material.     

Facile preparation and property analyses of L-CNC/SiO2-based composite superhydrophobic coating

In recent years, superhydrophobic coatings have received extensive attention due to their functions of waterproof, antifouling, self-cleaning, etc. However, wide applications of superhydrophobic coatings are still affected by their disadvantages of complex preparation, low mechanical properties, and poor ultraviolet (UV) resistance. In this study, cellulose nanocrystal containing a small amount of lignin (L-CNC)/SiO₂ composite particles were used as the main material, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as the adhesive and perfluorooctyltrichlorosilane (FOTS) as the modifier to prepare superhydrophobic coatings by a one-step spray method. The resulted coating showed excellent superhydrophobicity (water contact angle (WCA) of 161° and slide angle (SA) of 7°) and high abrasion resistance (capable of withstanding 50 abrasion cycles under the load of 50 g). Moreover, it still maintained good superhydrophobicity after 5 h of exposure to the UV light (1000 W), displaying its good UV resistance. This study provides theoretical and technical reference for the simple preparation of organic‒inorganic composite superhydrophobic coatings with high abrasion resistance and good UV resistance, which is beneficial to improving the practicability and broadening the application scope of superhydrophobic coatings.     

多功能疏水/超疏水复合涂层的制备及其防覆冰性

防覆冰现已成为飞机结构、输电线路、制冷器械等设备上亟待解决的问题.对自主研发的三种疏水/超疏水复合涂层的防覆冰特性进行了综合对比研究,重点分析了各涂层在机械耐久性及超低温条件下除冰性的优势.测试结果表明:底漆-面漆复合超疏水涂层具备较优异的机械耐久性,在磨耗仪250 g载荷下磨耗40次后及冻融循环100次后冰剪切强度均...