低温余热发电控制系统

1低温余热发电技术简介近些年,我国经济的高速发展是以巨大的能源消耗为代价的,据统计我国能源消费增长量占全球增长量的52%,能源消费总量达到了26.5亿tce,超过世界能源消费总量的20%,是世界第二大能源消费国。我国工业能耗占能源消耗总量的70%左右,而工业能耗的60%~65%都转化成为载体不同、温度不同的余热。据保守估计,每年我国国内的低温余热发电设备市场需求量至少在5×106k We左右,意味着低温余热发电技术有数千亿元的市场。(1)低温余热的定义在工业领域,可利用的低温余热分为汽(烟气、蒸汽)、水     

试论建筑节能的新观念

所谓建筑能耗,国内外习惯上理解为使用能耗,即建筑物使用过程中用于供暖、通风、空调、照明、家用电器、输送、动力、烹饪、给排水和热水供应等的能耗。在发达国家,建筑能耗约占总能耗的30％-40％。这一比例的高低,反映了一个国家的经济发展和人民生活水平。我国是最大的发展中国家,建筑能耗约占全国总能耗的11．7％,而北方工业区供暖就占了其中80％。上海是国内经济发展最高的地区之一,虽然没有大面积的集中供暖,但根据估算,上海的建筑能耗约占总能耗的13．2％。随着我国的经济腾飞和气候变化,这一比例正不断攀升。     

试论建筑节能的新观念

所谓建筑能耗，国内外习惯上理解为使用能耗，即建筑物使用过程中用于供暖、通风、空调、照明、家用电器、输送、动力、烹饪、给排水和热水供应等的能耗。在发达国家，建筑能耗约占总能耗的30％-40％。这一比例的高低，反映了一个国家的经济发展和人民生活水平。我国是最大的发展中国家，建筑能耗约占全国总能耗的11．7％，而北方工业区供暖就占了其中80％。上海是国内经济发展最高的地区之一，虽然没有大面积的集中供暖，但根据估算，上海的建筑能耗约占总能耗的13．2％。随着我国的经济腾飞和气候变化，这一比例正不断攀升。[编者按]     

中国工业用户节能增效研究

中国十二五规划中明确指出,在未来5年里,政府目标是对整体能源消耗进行合理控制,显著降低能耗强度,并确保单位GDP能耗降低16%。作为可持续性及节能增效的倡导者,西门子对中国的可持续发展给予高度重视。并且由于工业能源消耗占中国能源总消耗的比例高达71%,因此西门子尤为关注中国工业用户的节能进程。     

云计算当以绿色能源为支撑

<正>在全球范围内,IT行业已经成为能源消耗的大户,能耗排放相当惊人。统计数据显示,IT产品能源消耗以每年8%-10%的速度增长,数据中心能耗占IT行业能耗的40%。据绿色和平的一份报告观测,到2020年,全球主要IT营运商"云计算"(包括数据处理和电信网络)的能耗,将近2万亿千瓦时,超过德国、法国、加拿大和巴西四国的能耗总和。     

向欧洲人学习建筑节能

据统计,我国现有的近400亿平方米建筑,基本上都是高耗能建筑,建造和使用建筑直接或间接消耗的能源占社会总能耗的46.7%。单位面积采暖能耗相当于气候条件相近国家的3倍。而在欧洲的一些国家,他们研制出的节能措施不仅节约了大量能源,而且节省了大笔费用,一举数得。     

爱社科技：做第一个“吃螃蟹”的企业

在制造企业压缩空气系统节能的研究和实施领域,日本走在世界的前列,据日本流体动力工业协会的调查,各企业实施节能后,气动能耗消减达10%～30%,日本在压缩空气系统节能技术研究应用上领先于其他国家。目前,我国在压缩空气系统上的耗电高达4000亿度,压缩空气系统能耗的96%为工业空压机的耗电,能耗远远大于购买的费用。在工业使用中仅有60%的能耗用于生产,40%的压缩空气能耗浪费在动力设备负载不匹配、末端设备用气不合理、供气管网配置不科学上。     

展会信息

2006广州国际绿色、环保、节能住宅新材料及新技术展览会展会时间：2006年7月19-21日展会地址：中国(广州)出口商品交易会展馆正馆展会介绍：中国是一个发展中的大国,人口数量巨大,国土与资源有限。所以在中国倡导绿色、环保、节能建筑是非常符合中国国情的。住宅建设中节能、节地、节水、节材问题非常重要,它不仅关系到住宅能源消耗的问题,也涉及到地球上有限的资源合理利用。目前我国近400亿平方米既有建筑中,99%属高能耗建筑,其单位面积能耗约28%,     

办公建筑行为节能测控一体化系统设计

随着经济水平的发展,建筑能耗占社会总能耗的比例越来越大,建筑节能愈加必要.提出的“行为节能”主要解决由于人为不合理用能而造成的能源消耗问题.办公建筑测控一体化系统通过温度传感器、光照度传感器、热释电传感器,实时监测室内环境参数,并根据设定的控制策略实时调节用电设备.本测控一体化系统一方面能够满足人体舒适度要求;另一方面还能避免不必要的能源消耗,实现建筑行为节能.     

建筑节能欧洲范本

据统计,我国现有近400亿平方米的建筑,基本上都是高耗能建筑,建造和使用建筑直接或间接所消耗的能源占社会总能耗的46.7%,其中单位面积采暖能耗相当于气候条件相近国家的三倍.而在欧洲的一些国家,他们研制出的节能措施不仅节约了大量能源,而且节省了大笔费用.其中,德国、丹麦等国家各自在建筑节能方面的经验很值得我国借鉴.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.