蒸汽爆破对豆渣中大豆异黄酮的影响研究

采用高效液相色谱法研究蒸汽爆破处理对豆渣中大豆异黄酮组成和含量的影响。结果表明,豆渣经蒸汽爆破处理后,6种大豆异黄酮含量均显著增高,大豆苷、大豆苷元、黄豆黄苷、黄豆黄素、染料木苷、染料木素分别由汽爆前的3.69、11.22、0.84、2.76、2.13、27.45μg/g增至38.04、74.96、15.75、23.36、20.36、66.28μg/g。黄豆黄苷增幅最大,较汽爆前增高了17.75倍;染料木素增幅最小,较汽爆前增高了1.41倍。而且,大豆异黄酮的增幅随汽爆强度增加呈上升趋势,在汽爆压强2.0 MPa、维压时间30 s时达到最大值(黄豆黄苷为2.0 MPa、60 s)。研究表明,采用适宜的汽爆强度处理豆渣,能够显著提高大豆异黄酮含量,这为豆渣的开发利用提供了有益参考。     

北京地区不同大豆品种异黄酮含量比较研究

异黄酮是大豆生长过程中自然产生的化学物质,被认为可以治疗和预防一些人类依赖激素的疾病.为比较北京地区生态条件下大豆品种间异黄酮含量的差异性,对53个品种种子中3种异黄酮(大豆苷元、染料木素和黄豆黄素)进行测定和分析.结果表明,品种间异黄酮含量存在较大多样性,大豆苷元为39.21～2 363.65 μg/g,染料木素为77.35～1 149.50 μg/g,黄豆黄素为0.0～51.30μg/g,3种异黄酮总量为146.73～2 845.60 μg/g.来自山西和山东品种的异黄酮含量显著高于其他地区的品种.异黄酮总量分别与大豆苷元和染料木素呈极显著正相关,而大豆苷元和染料木素之间没有互作.因此,可以利用高含量大豆苷元或染料木素材料选育高异黄酮品种.     

不同大豆种质种皮黄酮类色素的差异分析

为探究大豆种皮中黄酮类色素的含量和分布规律,选取167份大豆种质资源为实验材料,利用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法对大豆种皮黄酮类色素含量进行测定。结果表明：大豆种皮花色苷组分中矢车菊素-3-O-葡萄糖苷含量最多,异黄酮组分中大豆苷含量最高。花色苷组分在野生和半野生大豆种皮中高于栽培大豆。异黄酮组分中染料木苷在野生大豆中最高,黄豆黄苷在半野生大豆中最高,其他组分在栽培大豆中最高。栽培大豆黑色种皮花色苷组分、染料木苷和大豆苷元含量最高,青色种皮大豆苷和黄豆黄苷含量最高,双色种皮黄豆黄素含量最高。相关分析表明3类结合型糖苷内部、3类游离型苷元内部、3种花色苷组分内部两两相关极显著。大豆苷与游离型苷元、矢车菊素-3-O-葡萄糖苷相关显著。聚类分析将大豆材料划分为三大类群,第一类群除黄豆黄苷和飞燕草素-3-O-葡萄糖苷外,其他色素组分含量均最高,为黄酮类色素的研究和利用提供参考。     

酶法提高豆浆中大豆异黄酮苷元浓度的工艺研究

试验利用黑曲霉β-葡萄糖苷酶处对豆浆进行水解处理,将结合型大豆异黄酮糖苷转化为游离型苷元。选大豆为原料,以单因素实验为基础,考察加酶量、反应时间、反应温度三个因素对豆浆中大豆异黄酮糖苷水解的影响;根据Box-Behnken实验设计原理,选取不同加酶量、反应时间、反应温度3因素3水平进行中心组合实验,建立豆浆中大豆异黄酮苷元含量的多项式回归预测模型,确定了最佳工艺参数。结果表明,最佳水解工艺条件为:加酶量0.028 U/5 mL,反应时间1.64 h,反应温度53.82℃,在此条件下制得豆浆大豆异黄酮苷元含量明显提高。测得大豆苷元(De)、黄豆黄素(Gle)、染料木素(Ge)的浓度分别为39.434±1.410μg/m L、4.626±0.462μg/m L、45.851±2.098μg/m L。而大豆苷元(De、)黄豆黄素(Gle)、染料木素(Ge)浓度的响应面预测值分别为40.905μg/m L、4.263μg/m L、48.441μg/m L,测定值与模拟值接近。优化后的工艺条件合理、可行,能明显提高豆浆中大豆异黄酮苷元的含量。     

热处理与大豆异黄酮苷元的转化分析

目的研究不同加热处理后大豆异黄酮苷元的含量和比例变化情况。方法大豆样品经烘箱50、100和150℃烘干,微波加热5min和炒熟等热处理后,由80%乙醇溶液超声提取,经高效液相色谱SB-C18柱(4.6mm×250mm,5μm)分离,0.2%冰乙酸+甲醇溶液梯度洗脱,紫外检测器260nm检测苷元和β-葡萄糖苷型大豆异黄酮含量。结果黄豆中检测出黄豆苷元、染料木素2种苷元和黄豆苷、黄豆黄苷2种β-葡萄糖苷。随烘箱加热温度升高,黄豆苷元含量增加1～5倍;染料木素增加3～15倍。炒豆中苷元和β-葡萄糖苷增加量最多。微波加热与50℃烘箱加热结果基本相同。青豆、黑豆与黄豆结果相近。结论加热使豆粉中部分糖苷型大豆异黄酮分解转化为苷元,活性成分增多,营养保健价值提高。     

苦杏仁β-葡萄糖苷酶水解豆浆中大豆异黄酮的工艺研究

大豆异黄酮的生理活性主要靠异黄酮苷元来发挥,该试验研究在豆浆中添加苦杏仁β-葡萄糖苷酶对大豆异黄酮苷元的影响。采取高效液相色谱检测的方法,通过响应面优化试验,得到最佳组合为:加酶量为1.4 U/5mL,酶解时间40 min,酶解温度46.0℃。测得染料木素(Ge)、黄豆黄素(Gle)、大豆苷元(De)的含量分别为(38.643±2.03)、(5.119±0.275)、(36.954±1.67)μg/mL。     

豆粕中大豆异黄酮含量快速测定方法的研究

探究豆粕中大豆异黄酮测定的最优方法。使用高效液相色谱法测定豆粕中大豆苷、大豆苷元、染料木素3种大豆异黄酮的含量并优化其检测条件。结果表明,大豆苷、大豆苷元、染料木素含量分别为194.92、14.20、15.42μg/g;RSD都小于0.30%;大豆苷、大豆苷元、染料木素的平均回收率分别为99.55%、99.65%、99.11%,检测时,流动相为甲醇∶水∶醋酸(40∶60∶1,体积比);柱温为40℃;流速为1.0 m L/min。     

不同品种大豆异黄酮组分及体外抗氧化活性分析

为研究不同品种大豆异黄酮组分和含量以及抗氧化活性,测定了50个特色大豆品种的百粒重、色泽（L*、a*、b*）,通过高效液相色谱法（HPLC）测定异黄酮组分,评估不同品种大豆甲醇提取物的DPPH、ABTS自由基清除能力,并用相关性分析、主成分分析及聚类分析法对样品进行分析。结果表明:大豆的百粒重范围为7.05~47.46 g。不同种皮色大豆L*、a*和b*呈现显著差异（P<0.05）。HPLC分析结果发现糖苷型异黄酮含量是大豆中主要的异黄酮组分,占总异黄酮含量的90%以上。其中染料木苷含量最高。安豆115品种的大豆异黄酮的总含量最高,为2500.78 μg/g;靖江丝瓜青品种的大豆异黄酮含量最低,为888.86 μg/g。安豆115品种的DPPH和ABTS自由基清除能力较强,分别为（16.11±0.25）和（8.12±0.04）μmol V_C/g。糖苷型异黄酮含量与DPPH和ABTS自由基清除能力有较高的线性相关性（R2分别为0.903和0.867）。主成分分析表明6项指标可用2个主成分来表示（累计贡献率达66.3%）。聚类分析将50个品种的大豆分为4类:第一类中黄豆黄素和黄豆黄苷含量较高;第二类中大豆苷、大豆苷元、染料木苷和染料木素含量较高;第三类和第四类中其大豆异黄酮含量基本处于中等水平和较低含量。综上所述,不同大豆品种的异黄酮组成、含量和抗氧化能力存在较大差异,可为其进一步综合开发利用提供一定理论基础。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定保健食品中大豆异黄酮含量

建立保健食品中6种大豆异黄酮的超高效液相色谱串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)同时检测方法。样品中大豆异黄酮采用80%甲醇超声提取、Florisil固相萃取柱净化,C₁₈色谱柱分离,以0.1%甲酸水溶液和乙腈为流动相,流速0.3 mL/min,柱温30 ℃,质谱正离子多反应监测(MRM)模式进行检测。结果表明,大豆苷、大豆黄苷、染料木苷、大豆素、大豆黄素以及染料木素在各自浓度范围内线性关系良好;大豆黄苷、大豆黄素检出限均为10 μg/kg;大豆苷、染料木苷检出限均为20 μg/kg;大豆素、染料木素检出限均为30 μg/kg,加标回收率为81.8%~98.4%,相对标准偏差为1.8%~6.7%。所建立的超高效液相色谱串联质谱是一种高灵敏度、高准确度的测定方法,对保健食品中大豆异黄酮的质量控制提供了参考依据,具有一定的理论意义和应用价值。     

HPLC-ESI-MSn法鉴定大豆中12种大豆异黄酮的结构

为了鉴定大豆异黄酮的结构,采用高效液相色谱-电喷雾离子源-离子阱多级质谱联用仪(HPLC-ESI-MSn)法分离鉴定大豆粉乙醇提取物,通过多级质谱提供的准分子离子峰和多级碎片离子信息,分析得到了12种大豆异黄酮的相对分子质量、保留时间并推断了它们异黄酮糖苷的组成结构、异黄酮糖苷中糖的类型等,这12种大豆异黄酮分别是大豆苷元、大豆黄素、染料木素、大豆苷、大豆黄苷、染料木苷、乙酰基大豆苷、乙酰基大豆黄苷、乙酰基染料木苷、丙二酰基大豆苷、丙二酰基大豆黄苷、丙二酰基染料木苷。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press