An efficient circuit-level power reduction technique for ultralow power applications

Microsystem Technologies - This research work explores various circuit-level design techniques to identify the best technique suitable for low power circuit design. To establish a proper...     

Minimum energy solution for ultra-low power applications

Microsystem Technologies - This paper examines device sizing of CMOS inverter circuit at 22-nm technology node using predictive technology model in deep subthreshold region. Channel length (L) of...     

Adiabatic logic-based strong ARM comparator for ultra-low power applications

Microsystem Technologies - In the field of low power VLSI, the charge recovery property of adiabatic logic has been liked by the VLSI researchers. And this stimulates the research of various charge...     

一种低功耗的微弱能量收集电路设计

为了实现高效率地收集环境中的各种微弱能量,设计了一种低功耗的微弱能量收集电路。采用LTC3588-1电源管理芯片为核心的电压变换电路、LTC4071充电控制芯片为核心的充电控制电路、TPL5100为核心的定时器电路搭建低功耗微弱能量收集电路,设计的电路能够将收集到的微弱能量转换为电能存储到锂电池或者提供给负载供电。实验结果表明,设计的低功耗微弱能量收集电路实现了微弱能量的收集,能量收集电路自身平均功耗低至182μW,验证了收集微弱能量给无线传感器网络节点供能的可行性,电路因低功耗、低成本等优点,具有应用前景。     

A circuit representation technique for automated circuit design

We present a method of automatically generating circuit designs using evolutionary search and a set of circuit constructing primitives arranged in a linear sequence. This representation has the desirable property that virtually all sets of circuit-constructing primitives result in valid circuit graphs. While this representation excludes certain circuit topologies, it is capable of generating a rich set of them including many of the useful topologies seen in hand-designed circuits. Our system allows circuit size (number of devices), circuit topology, and device values to he evolved. Using a parallel genetic algorithm and circuit simulation software, we present experimental results as applied to three analog filter and two amplifier design tasks. In all tasks, our system is able to generate circuits that achieve the target specifications. Although the evolved circuits exist as software models, detailed examinations of each suggest that they are electrically well behaved and thus suitable for physical implementation. The modest computational requirements suggest that the ability to evolve complex analog circuit representations in software is becoming more approachable on a single engineering workstation     

基于低压电力载波技术的电路设计

介绍一种51单片机基于电力载波技术的控制系统的工作原理和结构.并介绍了直序扩频半双工异步调制解调器PL2102栽波芯片,利用它通过电力线载波应用系统可实现通过电力线对路灯的控制.本文给出了PL2102工作的基本原理及软硬件实现方法,及其设计原理图.     

基于CPLD的自动门控电源的电路设计

本文介绍了像增强器使用的自动门控电源的电路设计,重点介绍了自动亮度控制(ABC)反馈回路的实现.同时给出了相关的直流放大电路、ADC电路原理图.其中ABC反馈回路采用CPLD实现,能够精确地控制脉宽大小,使其与输入光的强度保持良好的线性关系,很好地满足了设计要求.     

一种经皮能量传输电路的设计方法

给出了经皮能量传输电路的基本结构。分析了体内能量接收电路、体外能量发射电路,重点突出了作为体外发射电路驱动的E类放大器的原理。结合电路分析,提出了经皮能量传输电路的详细设计方法,以及基于此方法的一个电路设计实例。     

一种应用于LTE-A的双功率模式宽带功率放大器设计

针对LTE-A移动终端应用,采用双功率模式架构设计了一款宽带功率放大器,利用功放工作模式的切换,改善了功放回退区域的效率。该功放还采用了InGaP/GaAs HBT和AlGaAs/InGaAs pHEMT的一体化工艺,将功放电路与控制电路单片集成,实现模式控制的片上切换,能有效提高功放的集成度。该功放在工作电压为3.4 V,频率2.3~2.69 GHz范围内,使用10 MHz LTE调制信号输入,在输出功率为10 dBm时,测得LPM相对于HPM效率提高至少6%,有效提高了功放功率回退时的效率,功放的性能在全频带内满足3GPP协议要求。     

A novel GWO optimized pruning technique for inexact circuit design

Improving area efficiency of modern computing systems is the main task in today's digital design. circuit design innovations are necessary to keep the power budget under control. Inexact or approximate circuit design is a computing solution that trades circuit precision for cost reduction. In this work present a new pruning technique which using grey wolf optimizer for pruning. This optimization mimics the social behavior of grey wolves whereas it follows the leadership hierarchy and attacking strategy. The probabilistic pruning complexity cost is optimized at each computation to maintain a tradeoff between minimum area, error and area delay product. The parameters like Area, delay and area delay product measures are utilized to analyze the potency of GWO rule with existing one. The observed results convey that the GWO based pruning provides promising results compared to conventional pruning techniques     

应用于手持设备功率放大器的开关电源设计

提出了一种应用于TD-LTE信号手持设备功率放大器MRF9742的开关电源设计.该电源采用脉冲宽度调制的降压电路结构,采用包络跟踪技术,通过输入信号功率值来动态调节功率放大器的供电电压,与使用稳压电源供电的功率放大器相比,在不影响输出的条件下降低直流功耗,因此提高了功率放大器的功率附加效率.使用开关电源进行供电的功率放大器比使用稳压电源供电的功率放大器PAE提高了10％左右.故在手持设备中采用开关电源进行供电可以提高电源的使用效率,从而延长了手持设备的使用时间.     

基于CPLD的自动门控电源的电路设计

本文介绍了像增强器使用的自动门控电源的电路设计,重点介绍了自动亮度控制(ABC)反馈回路的实现。同时给出了相关的直流放大电路、ADC电路原理图。其中ABC反馈回路采用CPLD实现,能够精确地控制脉宽大小,使其与输入光的强度保持良好的线性关系,很好地满足了设计要求。     

基于衬底驱动技术的模拟电路设计

在进行低电压低功耗模拟电路设计的众多技术中,衬底驱动（BD）技术由于设计简单和使用传统MOS工艺实现的特点,而被很多的设计所采用。本文利用这一原理,在标准CMOS工艺和±0．7V电源电压前提下设计低电压低功耗标准模块,最后在TSMC0．25umCMOS工艺模型下,用Spice模拟器验证了模拟仿真结果。     

A software design technique for client–server applications

Software design is the process of mapping software functional requirements into a set of modules for implementation. In this paper, a new design technique called the concurrent software design technique (CSDT) is proposed. CSDT extends software design techniques, which are based on structured analysis and design, by identifying independent concurrent tasks for implementation in multiprocessing, multitasking and the C/S environment. A case study on re-engineering a large legacy system, implemented on mainframes as a sequential system, to a C/S environment is presented next in order to highlight the benefits of the CSDT. Finally, this paper concludes with a comparison of CSDT with other existing approaches and the lessons learned from the experience with this technique. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

水声换能器功放与匹配电路的设计与实现

是针对20 k~30 k频段的水声换能器设计D类功率放大器和匹配电路,PWM电路相对线性电路具有效率高、尺寸小等优点,所以D类功放一般选用PWM调制,D类功放由三角波发生器、比较器、功率管以及保护模块组成,实现高效率、低失真的功率放大。D类功放的输出一般都要通过一个低通滤波器来滤除高频信号,来还原低频信号。由于水声换能器是容性负载,会产生很大的无功功率,因此需要设计匹配电路,匹配包括调谐和阻抗匹配。匹配电路的加入能大大减少水声换能器的无功功率,进而提高功放的效率,使水声换能器在工作频段内能稳定工作。     

Interactive dialogue model: a design technique for multichannel applications

Multichannel applications deliver the same content and a "similar interactive experience" using different devices and different technologies(e.g., web sites, palm held devices, car navigators, or interactive TVs). Various channels imply a number of differences, including screen (size), keyboard(size), pointing devices, output devices, performances, and the context of use (standing, sitting, walking, etc.). In most cases, today, applications for different channels are designed and implemented almost "independently", with ineffectiveness for the developers (high costs) and ineffectiveness for the users (loss of consistency across the different channels and the perception that they are "different applications"). This paper presents an interactive dialogue model (IDM), a novel design model specifically tailored for multichannel applications. The background research, moving from linguistic theories and practices, has led us to the development of a "channel-independent" design model (based on dialogue primitives). Design can start in a "conceptual", channel-independent fashion, and then proceed into a further "logical" design oriented toward specific channels of communication. Designing an interactive application in two steps (channel-independent first, and channel-dependent later) allows a number of advantages without making more cumbersome the overall design process. Beside the emphasis on multichannel, IDM has additional distinctive features: it is lightweight, providing a few set of primitives (and a simple graphic notation) which are easy to learn and teach. Moreover, it is suitable for brainstorming and generating ideas at early stage during design (or during the shift from requirements to design); finally, it is cost-effective (it requires little effort from designers) and modular (designers can take the part they wish, not being forced to "all or nothing"). IDM has been validated both in the academic and industry environments,providing excellent results so far.     

Latching ultra-low power MEMS shock sensors for acceleration monitoring

A microelectromechanical shock sensor, which uses a latching mechanism to record a shock event above a specified threshold level, is discussed in this article. The fabrication process for the shock sensor, which includes wafer-level vacuum packaging, is detailed along with the design features. These features include a reset actuator for reuse of the sensor, a no-power operation scheme when the reset actuator is not activated, and a control circuit to minimize power used to unlatch the sensor. In order to describe the shock-sensor dynamics and interaction with the latch mechanism, a preliminary non-linear model has been developed. Experimental results are presented and compared with model predictions.     

Emerging applications of aptamers to micro- and nanoscale biosensing

Micro- and nanofabrication has allowed the production of ultra-sensitive, portable, and inexpensive biosensors. These devices generally rely on chemical or biological receptors which recognize a particular compound of interest and relay this recognition event effectively by transduction. Recent advances in RNA and DNA synthesis have enabled the use of aptamers, in vitro generated oligonucleotides, which offer high affinity biomolecular recognition to a theoretically limitless variety of analytes. DNA and RNA aptamers have gained so much attention in the biosensor community, that they have begun competing with more established affinity ligands including enzymes, lectins, and most notably, immunoreceptors such as antibodies. This article reviews the current state-of-the-art of aptasensors, or biosensors that use aptamers as molecular recognition elements, emphasizing the synergy between aptamer-based biosensing and micro- and nanotechnology. Aptasensors developed on micro- and nanoscale platforms based on mass changes, electroanalytical techniques, optical transduction, and purification and separation methods will be covered.     

一种低功耗CMOS分频电路设计技术

本文首先介绍了为降低ＶＬＳＩ系统功耗在产品定义、结构设计、逻辑设计和电路设计各个级别上所采取的技术，然后具体讨论了一咱低功耗ＣＭＯＳ电路的设计特点，包括采用参考电压、动态电路和电平转换电路等。     

Statistical circuit design with the use of a modified ellipsoidal technique

The ellipsoidal technique for design centering and feasible region approximation [1] is modified in this article. The feasible region is approximated by a hyperellipsoid determined by a sequence of decreasing volume, different shape, and center hyperellipsoids. The construction of the hyperplane cuts used for the generation of the sequence of the hyperellipsoids is modified to make use of the function values only. The hyperplane cuts are linearizations of the nonlinear constraints at proper boundary points. The choice of the nonlinear constraint to be linearized and the linearization point are optimized in order to obtain maximum reduction in the volume of the generated hyperellipsoid. This will speed up the convergence to the final hyperellipsoid. Practical examples to test the method are included and applications to centering, tolerancing, and yield estimation are also given. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Microwave Millimeter-Wave CAE 7: 117–128, 1997.