Cr3C2含量对热压烧结WC基硬质合金材料微观组织和力学性能的影响

为了研制高强度高硬度的硬质合金刀具材料,本文采用真空热压烧结技术制备Cr₃C₂含量不同的WC基硬质合金。通过XRD、SEM、EDS等分析手段研究其物相组成及微观形貌,探究Cr₃C₂含量对WC基硬质合金力学性能和微观组织的影响规律。结果表明：在WC-Co硬质合金中添加适量Cr₃C₂可有效抑制WC晶粒异常长大,提高晶粒均匀度,减少微观组织缺陷,进而改善其综合力学性能。随Cr₃C₂含量增加,合金的硬度和抗弯强度先升高后降低,断裂韧性先降低后升高。当Cr₃C₂的质量分数为0.4%时,WC基硬质合金综合力学性能最佳,硬度(HV)达到20.97 GPa,抗弯强度为1 584 MPa,断裂韧性为10.92 MPa·m^1/2,其中硬度大幅提高对于硬质合金材料用作切削刀具具有重要意义。     

放电等离子烧结制备无粘结相SiCw/WC硬质合金

以碳化硅晶须(SiC whiskers,SiC_w)作为增韧相,通过放电等离子烧结制备了无粘结相SiC_w/WC硬质合金。考察了放电等离子烧结温度及SiC_w添加量对SiC_w/WC硬质合金组织性能的影响。结果表明,采用放电等离子烧结在1800℃下可获得相对密度高于99%的WC烧结体,其维氏硬度和断裂韧性分别达到25.99 GPa和4.99 MPa·m^1/2。添加适量的SiC_w可以改善SiC_w/WC烧结性能和断裂韧性,在SiC_w的质量分数为0.6%时,断裂韧性达到6.80 MPa·m^1/2,当添加过量的SiC_w时,增韧效果减弱。     

压制压力对纳米Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷微观组织和力学性能的影响研究

采用不同的压制压力制备纳米Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷生坯,研究低压烧结后金属陶瓷的微观组织、收缩性和力学性能。结果表明：当压制压力过低时,粉末排列不紧密,金属陶瓷组织不均匀;当压制压力过高时,金属陶瓷组织发生分层,孔隙度和缺陷增加。当压制压力为180 MPa时,得到的纳米Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷最为致密,其相对密度为97.06%,收缩系数为1.23,孔隙率最低,为A02B00C00;同时,该金属陶瓷具有最优异的综合力学性能,其中维氏硬度为1 680 HV₃₀,抗弯强度为1 650 MPa,断裂韧性为8.8 MPa·m^1/2。     

激光增材制造多孔GH4169高温合金孔结构与性能研究

利用选区激光熔化技术制备出具有不同孔隙结构的多孔GH4169高温合金材料，对制备样品进行扫描电镜观察以及毛细曲线和压缩应力应变曲线测试，系统研究了孔结构对多孔材料毛细抽吸性能及压缩力学性能的影响。结果表明，随着激光功率从285 W减小到160 W，多孔高温合金样品总孔隙率从3.5%增加到46.1%；随着开孔率从15.6%增加到21.7%，多孔高温合金样品的毛细抽吸速度从4.44 mg/(s·cm³)增加到6.56 mg/(s·cm³)，毛细抽吸质量从91.3 mg/cm³下降到81.7 mg/cm³，毛细抽吸质量的减少可能与样品孔径增大导致毛细力下降有关。孔隙率增加也导致多孔材料样品弹性模量从53 GPa减小到11 GPa，弹性极限从768 MPa减小到217 MPa，孔材料样品均展现出较好的抗压缩变形能力。     

(SiCp+C)/MoSi2复合材料的组织结构及力学性能

通过热压烧结工艺制得了(SiCp+C)/MoSi2复合材料,测试分析了材料的组织结构、室温和高温力学性能.结果表明:(SiCp+C)/MoSi2复合材料主要由MoSi2(大量),α-SiCp(大量),Mo5 Si3(多量)和β-SiC(少量)组成,密度为5.12g/cm3,相对密度为91%;增强相的粒径＜30μm,体积分数为39%.其室温硬度、抗弯强度和断裂韧性分别为12.2 GPa,530MPa和7.2MPa·m1/2;材料在800℃的维氏硬度为8.0 GPa,1 200和1400℃的抗压强度分别为560MPa和160MPa.与非增强MoSi2相比,材料的各种力学性能都有大幅度的提高.     

碳对二硅化钼复合材料性能的影响

采用热压烧结工艺制得了2％C/MoSi_2(质量分数)复合材料,并测定了材料的显微组织和结构、室温和高温力学性能、耐磨性能以及电阻率。结果表明:C/MoSi_2复合材料由大量的MoSi_2,Mo_5Si_3和少量的β-SiC组成;其维氏硬度为1 060,抗弯强度为470 MPa,断裂韧性为5.12 MPa·m~(1/2);800℃的维氏硬度为750 Hv,1200℃的抗压强度为450MPa,1400℃的抗压强度为142MPa;在Al_2O_3和SiC磨盘上表现出优异的耐磨性能,材料的电阻率为34.9 μΩ·cm。与纯MoSi_2相比,C/MoSi_2复合材料在硬度、抗弯强度、断裂韧性、高温抗压强度、弹性模量和耐磨性能等方面都有较大的提高。     

添加Yb对Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr-Cr合金组织性能的影响

采用熔炼铸造法制备复合添加Zr、Cr及复合添加Zr、Cr和Yb的2种Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金。采用金相显微镜、透射电镜和扫描电镜观察合金的显微组织,并进行力学性能和抗腐蚀性能测试。结果表明：Al Zn Mg Cu-Zr-Cr-Yb合金经固溶处理后始终保持以小角度晶界为主的纤维状组织,这归因于合金中析出的大量细小(10～20 nm)、弥散分布的(Al,Cr)₃(Zr,Yb)相,阻碍了位错和晶界迁移,明显抑制基体再结晶。由于Yb元素的加入,合金的硬度、强度、伸长率和断裂韧性提高,断裂韧性由24.2 MPa·m^1/2提高到32.4 MPa·m^1/2。同时,合金的抗应力腐蚀、晶间腐蚀和剥落腐蚀性能提高,应力腐蚀开裂临界应力强度因子(K_ISCC)由10.6MPa·m^1/2提高到17.0 MPa·m^1/2,晶间腐蚀深度减小,剥蚀敏感性降低,剥蚀等级由EB+降为EA。     

快速制备Cf/SiC复合材料的组织与力学性能

以Si C粉末、醇溶性酚醛树脂粉末以及炭纤维毡、炭纤维无纬布为原料,采用料浆刷涂-针刺-温压固化-高温碳化工艺,在料浆中酚醛树脂的体积分数分别为10%和15%、温压固化压力分别为8 MPa和20 MPa条件下制备C_f/SiC多孔预制体,然后通过化学气相渗透法沉积Si C,快速制备C_f/SiC陶瓷基复合材料。观察和分析复合材料的形貌和组织结构,测定材料的密度、孔隙率、抗弯强度和断裂韧性等性能。结果表明:料浆中的酚醛树脂体积分数较低时,C_f/SiC复合材料的性能较好,并且随固化压力增加而提高。在酚醛树脂体积分数为10%、温压固化压力为20 MPa条件下得到开孔隙率为13.1%的高致密C_f/SiC复合材料,该材料的基体较致密,且纤维束和基体之间基本没有孔隙;当材料受到外加载荷时,通过纤维拔出、纤维脱粘和裂纹偏转来提高复合材料的强度和韧性,断裂方式为假塑性断裂,抗弯强度和断裂韧性都较高,分别为570 MPa和18.6 MPa·m^1/2。     

时效工艺对新型超高强高韧7A56铝合金厚板组织和性能的影响

研究了单级时效和三级时效工艺对新型超高强高韧7A56铝合金厚板组织和性能的影响。采用透射电镜、布氏硬度计、金属材料断裂韧度实验机、热差扫描仪以及多功能拉伸实验机等多种检测仪器,对7A56铝合金厚板在不同时效工艺下的组织和性能进行了表征与测试。结果表明：7A56铝合金厚板单级峰值时效工艺为120℃/24 h,抗拉强度达到636 MPa,断裂韧性达到26.12 MPa·m^1/2;三级时效工艺可以有效提升7A56铝合金厚板强度与韧性的匹配程度,三级时效制度为120℃/24h+175℃/90 min+120℃/24 h,抗拉强度达到626 MPa,断裂韧性达到31.56 MPa·m^1/2。     

无压烧结SiC-金刚石多晶材料致密化及物理性能研究

以AlN-Y₂O₃-Sc₂O₃为液相烧结助剂,添加不同质量分数金刚石,经无压烧结制备SiC-金刚石多晶材料。采用扫描电镜观察多晶材料显微结构,利用激光闪射法测量其热扩散系数和热导率。研究了金刚石质量分数(1.0%、2.5%、5.0%)和粒度(0.25μm、1.00μm)对SiC陶瓷材料致密化行为和力学性能的影响。结果表明,金刚石质量分数低于5.0%,烧结后的材料相对密度均超过94%;金刚石含量为5.0%的样品相对密度远远低于其他样品。SiC多晶材料的相对密度随金刚石添加量的增加而降低,原料中添加过量的金刚石会降低材料的相对密度。在实验条件下,多晶材料晶粒尺寸没有发生异常长大,硬度为16～18 GPa,断裂韧性为3.8～4.4 MPa·m^1/2,抗弯强度为239～540 MPa。材料的热导率和热扩散系数随着温度的升高而降低,气孔是影响复合材料热导率的主要因素。     

China's Major Non-ferrous Metals Imports & Exports

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Zinc Production by Province in 2014

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80% of Chinese Firms Purchasing Overseas Mines Ended up in the Red

<正>Minmetals Resources acquired the world’s largest copper mine under construction for USD5.85 billion.One after another,listed companies Jien Nickle,China Molybdenum and Chihong Zinc and Germanium raised money to get involved in overseas mining projects…SOEs and private enterprises are engaged in a frenzy of overseas mine purchasing.A reporter with Economic     

Copper Processing Profit Dropped Sharply,Copper Consumption Will Face Impact in the Second Half of the Year

正Judging from China’s copper consumption field,the biggest consumption unit is electric power,which accounts for 47%of total consumption;it is followed by light industry sector,including household electrical appliance,machinery,durable goods and hardware etc,which accounts for 22%of total consumption;followed by transportation field,     

Central Geological Prospecting Fund Newly Added 16.47 Million Tonnes of Bauxite in 2013

正In 2013,the Central Geological Prospecting Fund(CGPF)Project newly discovered 15 ore fields,including 3 large above ore fields,and 5medium sized ore fields.The reporter learned from the recently published"Annual Report of Central Geological Prospecting Fund Project(2013)"that,from 2006 to 2013 the CGPF     

Manufacturers of Copper Tube for Central Air Conditioner Use Face Mounting Pressure in the Final Quarter of the Year

正This year,the investment growth rate of real estate industry continued to slow down,sold area of commercial housing also dropped significantly,which brought huge pressure to the domestic air conditioning manufactures.In the first half of the year,by relying on high growth in national financial expenditure,along with investment in public infrastructure     

Xinjiang Ranks No.1 in Production of Primary Aluminum in China

正Kang Yi,Honorary Chairman of China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association,said recently at the Forum on Development of the Non-ferrous Metals Industry in Central and Western China held in Zhengzhou that,as more and more electrolytic aluminum factories in Xinjiang came into operation,the electrolytic aluminum output of Xinjiang had reached2,275,000 tons in the first 7 months this year,     

Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power Completed800,000 t/a Aluminum Project in Xinjiang

正"Xinjiang project has been completed according to schedule,but total completion and total start of production are two different concepts,after completion it still needs a gradual process of reaching production target."On the morning of November 3,Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power told investors the above statement on the investor interaction platform.     

Guangdong Metal Transaction Center has Become the Second Largest Precious Metal Transaction Platform Nationwide

正The reporter learned from Guangdong Province Precious Metal Transaction Center that in 2013the Center maintained healthy development momentum,and had become the second largest precious metal transaction platform in China in terms of market size;currently Guangdong is quickening steps of financial innovation for the Center,aiming to build a transaction center with international core competitiveness.     

Seven Rare Earth Projects Involving Close to 3 Billion Yuan Investment Landed In the HighTech Zone

正On May 22,Baotou Rare Earth Industry Cooperation Consultation MeetingProject Agreement-signing Ceremony was held in Ningbo,nearly 40 enterprises from Ningbo,Guangdong,Hunan,and Shanxi participated in project consultation.After multi-lateral communication,agreements were signed for a total of 7 rare earth projects successfully.