Synergistic photoluminescent interaction of Si and CdTe quantum dots

Microsystem Technologies - We report the synergistic photoluminescent effect observed in heterogeneous colloidal solutions comprising different volumetric concentrations of Si and CdTe quantum dots...     

Anomalous Stokes shift of colloidal quantum dots and their influence on solar cell performance

Microsystem Technologies - We report an anomalous Stokes shift effect observed in colloidal solutions containing down-shifting Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) of different sizes that is expected to have...     

Layer-by-layer self-assembly CdTe quantum dots and molecularly imprinted polymers modified chemiluminescence sensor for deltamethrin detection

A novel chemiluminescence sensor for determination deltamethrin was firstly reported based on CdTe quantum dots and deltamethrin imprinted polymers by layer-by-layer assembly modified on the surface of slide glass, whose shape was the same as the bottom of 96 well micro-plate. The binding characteristic of the imprinted polymers to deltamethrin was evaluated by equilibrium binding experiments and the morphology was studied by scanning electronic microscope. Scatchard analysis was carried out to estimate the binding parameters of the imprinted polymers. The water-soluble TGA-capped CdTe quantum dots were prepared. NaHTe was used as the Te precursor for CdTe quantum dots synthesis. Under the optimum conditions, the chemiluminescence intensity had a linear relationship against the concentration of deltamethrin over the range of 0.053-46.5 μg mL⁻¹ with a lower detection limit of 0.018 μg mL⁻¹. The regression equation was ΔI = 2225 + 107c (c: μg mL⁻¹) with a correlation coefficient of 0.9973. The relative standard deviation was 4.7%. The presented method was applied successfully to the determination of deltamethrin in real samples with satisfactory results.     

发光纳米材料和量子点化学传感及其机理

介绍了荧光和磷光纳米材料的种类,如无机半导体量子点,金属离子掺杂的半导体量子点,金属纳米粒子或纳米簇,硅点,碳点和石墨烯点等。接着阐述了这些纳米材料的光致发光的光物理机制和猝灭或增强的一般性原理。最后简要综述了量子点或纳米材料发光的猝灭或增强现象在化学传感中的应用和具体的响应机理。     

量子点荧光标记技术在生物医学领域的应用

量子点作为一种新型的纳米荧光材料在生物学领域的应用已引起国际上的普遍关注,量子点独特的荧光性能使其在这一领域的应用有着无可比拟的优越性.该文主要就量子点的荧光性能,基于量子点标记的生物荧光探针的制备及其在生物医学领域中的应用研究进展作一概述.     

Effects of ITO film annealing temperature on hybrid solar cell performance

The effects of indium tin oxide (ITO) film annealing temperature on the performance of organic solar cells are investigated. The roughness of the ITO film surface morphology increased with increasing annealing temperature. The optical penetration and rate of exciton generation both increased with increasing ITO film annealing temperature, enhancing the short-circuit current density. The maximum efficiency (2.62 %) was obtained with an annealing temperature of about 500 °C. The incident-photon-to-current efficiency value for a hybrid photovoltaic device with an ITO film annealed temperature at 500 °C was 45 % at 475 nm.     

Modified genetic programming combining with particle swarm optimization and performance criterion in solar cell fabrication

This study describes the design and development of the novel model for the process optimization of solar cell fabrication. The model performance can affect the result of the physical experiment in the solar cell fabrication because the high accuracy model can provide the closer result to the output efficiency of the physical experiment. In this study, genetic programming (GP) based modeling technique was developed for the process simulation. GP is a global modeling technique, so it is suitable for process data modeling. This study describes the modified GP algorithm to solve the constant terminal problem. In the traditional GP, the constant term can be randomly selected within the fixed range when the structure is changed. Therefore, the variation ratio of the constant is too low to fit the model well. In this study, the novel GP is proposed. The method includes particle swarm optimization (PSO) to optimize the constant term in the terminals. PSO is a strong searching algorithm without a high computation cost. Actually, through the simulation results, the modeling performance and speed can be improved by the proposed GP. Because by the proposed modeling method, the structure and parameters of the model can be optimized simultaneously, the proposed method can be used as the new global modeling approach.     

Improving performance of ZnO flexible dye sensitized solar cell by incorporation of graphene oxide

At today great interest has been paid to hydrogen production by water electrolysis due to their simplicity and low cost. Dye sensitized solar cell are promising devices as renewable electrical power source to achieve water electrolysis because they possess high theoretical efficiency compared with Si based solar cells. In this research, ZnO photo catalyst was modified with graphene oxide (GO) by means of high energy milling. The anode of the flexible dye-sensitized solar cell was fabricated by electrophoretic deposition of the photo catalyst onto flexible electrodes. The obtained materials were characterized by FTIR, XRD, XPS and SEM–EDS. The efficiency and fill factor of ZnO and ZnO–GO cells were estimated from the I–V curve, measured under simulated sunlight. The obtained results demonstrate that ZnO–GO cell have higher efficiency compared with the ZnO cell. The latter can be explained by the better dispersion of ZnO that enlace the dye adsorption onto the fabricated anode and by the presence of GO that improve the absorption of photons from the light.

     

Numerical implementation of the ellipsoidal wave equation and application to ellipsoidal quantum dots

We present a full implementation of the algorithm of Arscott et al. [Math. Comp. 40 (1983) 367] in order to evaluate the discrete eigenvalue spectrum and associated eigenfunctions of the Laplacian operator in a three-dimensional ellipsoidal region subject to Dirichlet boundary condition. The results were applied to provide the first solution to the triaxial ellipsoidal infinite-barrier quantum-dot problem in quantum mechanics.     

基于CdSe/ZnS量子点荧光生物传感器构建与应用

设计了一种由CdSe/ZnS量子点和荧光染料Cy3(C31H37KN2O8S2)基于荧光共振能量转移(FRET)原理的生物传感器,并进行了该体系下不同浓度和不同pH溶液中荧光转移强度的实验。实验表明:CdSe/ZnS荧光半导体量子点作为供体对Cy3(C_(31)H_(37)KN_2O_8S_2)染料的荧光增强作用明显。在CdSe/ZnS量子点与Cy3的比例为1∶1.2时,荧光转移效率达到83.68%,对细胞外液p H值荧光变化敏感(pH=5.93～8.36)。此外,该生物传感器可以清楚地识别前列腺癌细胞。该实验结果对前列腺癌细胞的早期诊断和前列腺癌生物传感器的设计提供了一种新的方法。     

PVP／CdS量子点修饰电极的制备及其对肌红蛋白的直接电化学研究

该文采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)表面修饰的硫化镉(CdS)半导体量子点,用透射电镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)等手段进行了表征;将其修饰在玻碳电极(GC)表面制得量子点修饰电极,并研究了肌红蛋白(Myoglobin,Mb)在该量子点修饰电极上的电化学行为.实验结果表明,PVP/CdS量子点修饰电极对肌红蛋白具有催化还原作用,且还原峰电流与被测蛋白质浓度呈良好线性关系.流动注射分析结果进一步表明该量子点修饰电极具有高的稳定性和好的重现性,检出限为2.0×10.mol/L,该电极可作为检测肌红蛋白的新型高灵敏度电化学传感器.     

Survey of control performance in quantum information processing

There is a rich variety of physics underlying the fundamental gating operations for quantum information processing (QIP). A key aspect of a QIP system is how noise may enter during quantum operations and how suppressing or correcting its effects can best be addressed. Quantum control techniques have been developed to specifically address this effort, although a detailed classification of the compatibility of controls schemes with noise sources found in common quantum systems has not yet been performed. This work numerically examines the performance of modern control methods for suppressing decoherence in the presence of noise forms found in viable quantum systems. The noise-averaged process matrix for controlled one-qubit and two-qubit operations are calculated across noise found in systems driven by Markovian open quantum dynamics. Rather than aiming to describe the absolute best control scheme for a given physical circumstance, this work serves instead to classify quantum control behavior across a large class of noise forms so that opportunities for improving QIP performance may be identified.     

ZnS掺Mn磷光量子点对金属离子传感机理的探讨

合成了以3-巯基丙酸或L-半胱氨酸修饰的水溶性ZnS掺Mn磷光量子点,磷光发射峰在590 nm,产生于Mn2+的4T1-6A1跃迁.磷光信号稳定,不易受溶解氧的影响.检测了七种常见金属离子对磷光性质的影响,结果表明:对于3-巯基丙酸修饰的ZnS:Mn量子点,Cu2+,Mn2+,Fe3+,Co2+,pb2和Hg2+离子能...     

Image charges in spherical quantum dots with an off-centered impurity: algorithm and numerical results

A computational scheme yielding exact (numerical) wave-functions and energies of a spherical nanocrystallite, with a shallow donor impurity located anywhere inside, is presented. Position-dependent effective mass, finite step-like spatial confining potential, coulombic and image potentials originating from the dielectric mismatch at the quantum dot edge are taken into account. Strategies to overcome mathematical divergences, low numerical convergence and computer cut-off errors are discussed. The resulting code is employed to carry out a comprehensive study on the influence of the impurity off-centering on the image charge contribution to the electronic energy. The highly non-additivity of the different contributions to this energy emphasizes the relevance of employing computational schemes like the one presented here, which incorporate all confining potentials in a balanced way.     

Entanglement generation of two quantum dots with Majorana fermions via optimal control

We propose schemes to entangle two quantum dots (QDs) with the aid of Majorana fermions via optimal control. Two paradigmatic cases, the teleportation and the intradot spin flip processes, are considered, respectively, in the charge and spin degrees of QDs. We demonstrate that optimal control techniques can be effectively used to prepare entanglement between two QDs through manipulating their chemical potentials. Significantly, our optimal control generation of entangled states has a prominent advantage: The runtime is much shorter than in adiabatic passage, providing a shortcut to adiabatic entanglement preparation.     

新型太阳追踪传感器的设计与性能测试

太阳能追踪传感器的性能制约着太阳能跟踪装置的精度和跟踪范围。针对传统光筒式传感器测量范围小、稳定性差等缺点,设计了一种改进型光筒传感器。在室内对传感器的测量范围进行了测试,在室外测试了改进传感器的阈值对跟踪装置的影响。将日梭万年历所计算的太阳高度角和方位角作为参考值。经测试,在12:40~14:40这段时间内,两个传感器的跟踪误差都比较小,传统传感器一天内的平均跟踪误差约为改进传感器的2倍。同时改进传感器很好地解决了光筒高度和测量范围相互制约的问题。     

A droplet-based microfluidic platform for rapid immobilization of quantum dots on individual magnetic microbeads

Quantum dots (QDs) provide opportunities for the development of bioassays, biosensors, and drug delivery strategies. Decoration of the surface of QDs offers unique functions such as resistance to non-specific adsorption, selective binding to target molecules, and cellular uptake. The quality of decoration has substantial impact on the functionality of modified QDs. Single-phase microfluidic devices have been demonstrated for decorating QDs with biological molecules. The device substrate can serve as a solid-phase reaction platform, with a limitation being difficulty in the realization of reproducible decoration at high density of coverage of QDs. Magnetic beads (MBs) have been explored as an alternative form of solid-phase reaction platform for decorating QDs. As one example, controlled decoration to achieve unusually high density can be realized by first coating MBs with QDs, followed by the addition of molecules such as DNA oligonucleotides. Uniformity and high density of coatings on QDs have been obtained using MBs for solid-phase reactions in bulk solution, with the further advantage that the MBs offer simplification of procedural steps such as purification. This study explores the use of a droplet microfluidic platform to achieve solid-phase decoration of MBs with QDs, offering control of local reaction conditions beyond that available in bulk solution reactions. A microchannel network with a two-junction in-series configuration was designed and optimized to co-encapsulate one single 1 µm MB and many QDs into individual droplets. The microdroplet became the reaction vessel, and enhanced conjugation through the confined environment and fast mixing. A high density of QDs was coated onto the surface of single MB even when using a low concentration of QDs. This approach quickly produced decorated MBs, and significantly reduced QD waste, ameliorating the need to remove excess QDs. The methodology offers a degree of precision to control conjugation processes that cannot be attained in bulk synthesis methods. The proposed droplet microfluidic design can be widely adopted for nanomaterial synthesis using solid-phase assays.     

Synergistic effects of combined Landsat-TM and SIR-B data for forest resources assessment

Abstract

Three different incidence angle data sets, obtained by the Shuttle Imaging Radar-B in October 1984 over a forested area in northern Florida, were combined with Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper data, to create a digitally registered 10 channel optical/microwave data set. The work discussed in this paper involved the analysis of the data obtained by the two sensors separately and in combination, to determine if there are synergistic effects obtained through the simultaneous use of data obtained from both the optical and microwave portion of the spectrum. The radar data were filtered with a low-pass filter to eliminate the speckle noise. Classifications of the TM, SIR-B and combined TM +SIR-B data sets were performed with both per-point and contextual classifiers. The results showed that filtered radar data can be used to classify accurately major cover types (i.e., pine forest, swamplands and radar smooth targets) and that the contextual classifier provided better classification performance. The combined TM and SIR-B data provided statistically improved classification performances compared to classifications from the three incidence angle SIR-B data, or the TM data alone. A four band subset (TM-2, TM-4, TM-5, and SIR-B 28°) of the 10 channels of the combined TM and SIR-B data set provided higher classification performances (91 per cent overall performance) than the 10 channel data set (86 per cent overall performance).     

Practical performance of real-time shot-noise measurement in continuous-variable quantum key distribution

In a practical continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) system, real-time shot-noise measurement (RTSNM) is an essential procedure for preventing the eavesdropper exploiting the practical security loopholes. However, the performance of this procedure itself is not analyzed under the real-world condition. Therefore, we indicate the RTSNM practical performance and investigate its effects on the CVQKD system. In particular, due to the finite-size effect, the shot-noise measurement at the receiver’s side may decrease the precision of parameter estimation and consequently result in a tight security bound. To mitigate that, we optimize the block size for RTSNM under the ensemble size limitation to maximize the secure key rate. Moreover, the effect of finite dynamics of amplitude modulator in this scheme is studied and its mitigation method is also proposed. Our work indicates the practical performance of RTSNM and provides the real secret key rate under it.