借助超声波探伤技术确定熔模铸造工艺

以往国内出口的熔模精密铸件 ,多以单件且重量在几十克至几千克的中小型铸件为主。随着国外尤其是欧洲国家以精铸件代替砂型铸件趋势的兴起 ,外商发来的订购单件重量在 15ｋｇ以上的精铸件的询价单逐渐增多 ,而国内企业能在规定时间内报价并寄送样品认可的却很少。其原因在于 ,对熔模铸造而言 ,这类铸件已属于大型铸件。熔模铸造工艺的特殊性决定了其铸造工艺比较复杂 ,尤其是浇注工艺的制定 ,费时费力 ,试制成本高 ,同时试制工艺和批量生产工艺还有些适用方面的不同 ,要想在试制阶段制定出满足批量生产条件下生产质量稳定铸件的工艺很困难…     

熔模铸造水玻璃型壳性能预测系统的开发

1 前言 水玻璃目前仍然是国内熔模铸造中使用最多的制壳粘结剂,国内对水玻璃型壳已进行了大量研究,对于各种不同工艺因素对水玻璃型壳性能的影响已经有了比较充分的认识。但是熔模铸造工作者更希望能直接量化型壳的性能,以便通过性能预测控制制壳过程,帮助分析废品产生原因,提高铸件质量。为此,本文在水玻璃型壳强度研究的基础上,进一步开发了熔模铸造水玻璃型壳性能的预测系统。     

抗氧化钢铸件的熔模铸造工艺

阐述熔模铸造抗氧化钢铸件的工艺特性，通过对型壳的焙烧温度、保温温度、保温时间、浇注温度和钢水浇注温度等工艺参数的生产过程控制，提出浇壳比理论，克服薄壁件和壁厚悬殊件的开裂、缩孔、疏松等铸造缺陷，从而增加铸件的热强性能，提高抗高温氧化腐蚀性能，延长抗氧化钢铸件在高温工作状态下的使用寿命。     

用于熔模铸造电泳制壳工艺的导电涂料研究

在熔模铸造生产中,采用电泳制壳工艺能够提高铸件的质量、降低废品率和缩短生产周期,这是一种生产周期短、操作简单、节省材料的工艺方法;这种工艺需要解决蜡模组表面导电问题,传统的金属导电涂料由于价格昂贵,并且影响铸件的化学成分,使其应用受到限制。文中用非金属导电涂料替代金属导电涂料进行了研究,选取硅溶胶作为载体,超细石墨和高结构炭黑,按不同配比制备涂料;并对涂料的涂层厚度和表面电阻进行检测,筛选出适于制壳的配比;经不同钢种的工艺验证,这种涂料可分别适用于各种钢铁铸件的熔模铸造制壳,原料来源广范、价格低廉。     

一种医用钛合金铸件熔模铸造工艺设计

一种医用钛合金铸件采用ZTC4钛合金,由熔模铸造工艺生产.通过对浇注系统进行模拟分析,确定适用于生产该医用钛合金铸件的浇注系统.面层采用1#粘结剂制壳工艺、加固层硅溶胶制壳工艺,采用蒸汽脱蜡及合适的焙烧工艺、离心浇注工艺获得医用钛合金铸件,铸件经过修整、热等静压等工序获得了内部及外观质量好、尺寸精度高的钛合金铸件,批量...     

薄壁铝合金壳体铸件的熔模铸造

采用常压浇注，压力下凝固的熔模铸造工艺，并且严格控制热处理工艺过程，使铝合金壳体铸件的针孔度达到1级，铸件表面粗糙度达到Ra3．2μ。利用反变形措施，保证了铸件的尺寸精度。采用复合型壳的工艺，可提高型壳的透气性，降低清砂难度，减少因素砂处理造成的铸件变形及表面损伤，保证2．5mm薄壁铝合金壳体铸件的质量。     

大型复杂钛合金铸件熔模精密铸造技术

钛合金熔模铸造工艺过程复杂,影响铸件质量的因素较多,而大型复杂钛合金熔模精密铸造技术是铸造行业的前沿技术.文中介绍了大型复杂钛合金熔模铸造技术的国内发展现状,详细论述了铸件尺寸精度及铸件质量控制的技术难点及应对措施.结合大型复杂铸件离心铸造生产实际,对关键过程的质量影响因素进行全面分析,从制模、制壳、熔铸等工艺过程阐述...     

大壳体的熔模铸造工艺

在介绍大壳体熔模铸造工艺过程的基础上,重点介绍了大壳体熔模铸造过程中采用的一些特殊方法和措施,如在型壳上开设出蜡孔,分体制壳,采用铁丝捆扎型壳等。结果表明型壳的质量和强度得到了提高,成功的生产出了大壳体熔模精密铸件。     

易熔合金压型用于薄壁复杂铝精铸件生产

我厂某产品有两个铝合金零件,外形尺寸分别为24×26×61,20×30×61。零件结构较为复杂,最薄壁厚只有0.9mm,零件重量分别为0.016kg、0.0165kg。设计要求是机加工件或压铸件。经分析我们采用低熔点合金压型进行熔模铸造生产。 一、铸件图设计 由于两零件的外形、内形基本相似,故将两个零件设计成一个毛坯。铸件图如图     

精铸连接体工艺模拟及改进

精密铸造是生产近净成形金属零件的重要方法之一,在制造业中有着广泛应用。然而受到精铸生产设备尺寸限制,工艺出品率低等因素的影响,其铸件重量及尺寸范围受到限制,所生产的精密铸件大多属于小型件,重量范围从几克至几千克。本文采用Pro CAST模拟软件分析连接体精铸件(毛坯质量360 kg)铸造过程,改进铸造工艺,并最终成功制备出连接体精铸件。     

硅溶胶的胶团结构和干燥胶凝过程--对硅溶胶型壳的几点认识之一

介绍了硅溶胶的胶团结构，胶团由胶核、吸附层和扩散层组成。硅溶胶中的水分由自由水、吸附水和结构水3部分组成。计算了硅溶胶开始胶凝的失水率和胶凝区范围。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Thermodynamics Study on the Decomposition of Chromite with KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

Influence of Heat Treatment on Damping Behaviour of the Magnesium Wrought Alloy AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.     

Directional Growth of Tin Crystals Controlled by Combined Solute Concentration Gradient Field and Static Magnetic Field

A new method was introduced to achieve directional growth of Sn crystals. Microstructures in liquid(Pb)/liquid(Sn) diffusion couples were investigated under various static magnetic fields. Results show that the β-Sn crystals mainly reveal an irregular dendritic morphology without or with a relatively low static magnetic field(B0.3 T). When the magnetic field is increased to 0.5 T, the β-Sn dendrites close to the final stage of growth begin to show some directional character. With a further increase in the magnetic field to a higher level(0.8–5 T), the β-Sn dendrites have an enhanced directional growth character, but the dendrites show a certain deflection. As the magnetic field is increased to 12 T, the directional growth of the β-Sn dendrites in the center of the couple is severely destroyed. The mechanism of the directional growth of the β-Sn crystals and the deflection of the β-Sn crystals with the application of static magnetic field was tentatively discussed.     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.