基于SPSS因子分析的α-烯烃磺酸盐中磺内酯影响因素的综合评价

以单因素实验为基础,结合因子分析法研究了不同因素对α-烯烃磺酸盐(AOS)中磺内酯的影响。结果表明:AOS产品中的磺内酯含量与时间、温度和pH存在负相关;漂白剂的增加会导致AOS产品中磺内酯含量的降低,且氧化性越强,磺内酯含量下降得越多;4个因素对AOS产品中磺内酯下降的影响权重大小为:漂白剂pH温度时间。     

α-烯基磺酸盐中磺内酯的测定

采用气相色谱-质谱法对α-烯基磺酸盐(AOS)中磺内酯3对异构体进行定性分析,同时采用气相色谱外标法结合火焰离子化检测器进行α-烯基磺酸盐制备的中间过程(磺化、中和及水解)以及最终成品中磺内酯含量的测定.从4批AOS样品所得到的测定结果表明,当磺内酯质量浓度在20μg·mL-1～200μg·mL-1范围内时GC峰值与磺内酯质量浓度表现为良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.999 0,最低检出限为5μg/g.精密度测试所得标准偏差为1.1%～6.5%(n=6).回收率达到90.00%～97.96%.     

源于洗涤用品中α-烯基磺酸盐(AOS)的磺内酯的安全性评估

在AOS的生产过程中,特别是次氯酸漂白工序,可生成副产品磺内酯衍生物.一些磺内酯已被确认为极强的人体皮肤致敏剂,若未对AOS原料进行彻底的控制,在洗涤使用过程中对消费者将产生一定的风险.这里我们报道了AOS的生产过程中及洗衣洗涤过程中的风险管理.在一些消费者使用条件下,当含有AOS的洗涤剂与漂白产品合用时也可生成磺内酯.因此,在使用含有AOS的衣物洗涤剂之前,建议尽可能开展全面的基于暴露量的风险评估.对于如何控制磺内酯生成和避免对消费者产生皮肤过敏的一些合适的风险管理步骤包括:通过制订原料和成品中不同磺内酯标准来控制AOS原料中的磺内酯水平.     

α-烯基磺酸盐中磺内酯的测定及其含量对产品质量的影响

采用气相色谱法测定了α-烯基磺酸盐过程样品(中和、水解阶段的样品),研究其磺内酯生成的影响。结果表明,严格控制水解条件有利于磺内酯含量降低;温度和时间是关键控制条件;中和温度90℃,水解温度130℃,时间60min有利于降低磺内酯含量。     

减压精馏-熔融结晶分离1,3-丙烷磺内酯的研究

为了达到锂离子电池电解液添加剂的品质要求,在制备电子级1,3-丙烷磺内酯的过程中,采用了减压蒸馏-熔融结晶的提纯工艺。工业级1,3-丙烷磺内酯通过减压蒸馏,在135～145℃之间得到了纯度为99. 0%～99. 5%的粗产品,经熔融结晶精制后,产品纯度可达99. 9%以上。另研究发现,1,3-丙烷磺内酯粗产品的纯度只有达到99. 0%以上时,通过一次熔融结晶后的纯度才能达到99. 9%以上,且收率可达90%以上。     

烷基磺酰氯及其衍生物在皮革加脂中的应用及发展趋势

讨论了烷基磺酰氯及其衍生物（氯代）烷基磺酰胺、（氯代）烷基磺酸盐、烷基磺胺乙酸钠在皮革加脂中的应用情况，并指出了作为皮革加脂剂使用的烷基磺酰氯衍生物今后的发展趋势。     

用三氧化硫与四氟乙烯反应合成四氟乙烷β—磺内酯的爆炸因素探讨

１前言 １９７１年，美国杜邦公司公布了［１］以三氧化硫与四氟乙烯反应生产四氟乙烷β－磺内酯时发生了一次重大的爆炸事故。他们认为在对此反应的了解已超过１５年，发生了如此大事故，甚感突然。据报道，他们是在一个９加仑的不锈钢反应器中进行反应，反应温度为５５℃，反应压力为 ０． １０３ ＭＰａ。生产磺内酯的具体操作情况和系统未作说明。经研究后认为在上述生产过程中有可能发生如下反应：ＳＯ３＋ＣＦ２ＣＦ２－Ｏ－ＳＯ２→２ＣＦ２Ｏ＋２ＳＯ２＋大量热 并认为两者的ｍｏｌ比为１：１时，爆炸的可能性增大。但对引发爆炸的…     

油菜素内酯对施用苯磺隆后杂草防效及谷子产量的影响

[目的]明确油菜素内酯(BR)影响苯磺隆在谷田杂草防效及谷子产量方面的作用.[方法]在大田条件下,谷子3～5叶期时叶面喷施3个不同浓度的苯磺隆,喷施等量清水为对照,施药后3d喷施不同浓度的油菜素内酯,分别于施药后7、14、21、35 d调查杂草株防效及鲜质量防效,谷子收获后进行考种测产.[结果]随着单用苯磺隆浓度升高,...     

甲基吖内酯与原位亚胺的不对称催化反应的研究

通过对前人文献调阅发现对苯磺酰吲哚在碱性条件会在原位产生烯亚胺具有良好的亲电性并且甲基吖内酯在辛可宁硫脲催化会脱氢质子具有亲核性。因此通过辛可宁硫脲催化下苯磺酰吲哚与甲基吖内酯就可能发生对应选择性的迈克加成反应。我们通过吖内酯与苯磺酰吲哚不对称催化反应制备得到化合物3。改变苯磺酰吲哚上的R取代基团从而制得各种相应的化合物3。通过对制备的化合物3进行核磁共振碳谱、核磁共振氢谱、液相色谱、比旋光度、高分辨质谱等理化参数的测定,得出甲基吖内酯与苯磺酰吲哚在催化剂辛可宁硫脲催化作用下得到好的产率和高纯度的光学活性的产物。     

Analytical Problems in the Investigation of Unsaturated Acids Conversion II: Determination of Position Isomers,Conjugated Unsaturated Bonds and Composition of Fatty Acids

The paper discusses the methods of determination of the position of unsaturated bonds in a chain of acids, the determination of the sum of conjugated unsaturated bonds and the composition of the fatty acids. The position of unsaturated bonds in acids of modified oils may be determined most quickly by the method of pyrrolidide derivatives and determinations by the GLCMS method. The content of conjugated bonds had been determined by standardized method of UV spectrometry, and the composition of the fatty acids had been determined by gas chromatography.     

Paper chromatography of unsaturated fatty acid esters as their mercuric acetate addition compounds

Summary A method is described by which unsaturated fatty acid esters can be separated and identified by reversed-phase paper chromatography. The procedure is based upon the formation of the mercuric acetate addition compounds of the esters and the detection of the compounds on the chromatograms, using the sensitive color reaction with diphenylcarbazone. The application of this technique to the analysis of the component unsaturated acids of natural fats has been examined, and tetradecenoic acid in olive oil and hexadecenoic acid in linseed oil both formerly unidentified have been detected as the minor component acids by means of the method. The preliminary investigation on the absorption spectra of diphenylcarbazone complexes derived from the addition compounds has been made to bring the method into quantitative use.     

Chemical modification of unsaturated polyesters influence of polyester's structure on thermal and viscoelastic properties of low styrene content copolymers

In this study, the chemical modification of unsaturated polyesters and the influence of polyester's structure on thermal and viscoelastic properties have been presented. The structure of unsaturated polyesters obtained in polycondensation of cyclohex‐4‐ene‐1,2‐dicarboxylic anhydride (THPA), maleic anhydride and only one suitable symmetrical glycol: ethylene glycol or 1,4‐butanediol (BDO) or 1,6‐hexanediol has been modified by peracetic acid. The selective oxidation of unsaturated polyesters conducted in mild time and temperature conditions was a successful and effective method to prepare new materials/unsaturated epoxy polyesters/containing epoxy groups in cycloaliphatic rings and carbon–carbon double bonds in polyester chain. The unsaturated epoxy polyesters were capable of both copolymerization with vinyl monomer and polyaddition reactions with suitable curing agent. Therefore, they were successfully used as a component of low styrene content copolymers. As was confirmed by DSC, DMA, and TGA analyses, polyester's structure had significant influence on thermal and viscoelastic properties of styrene copolymers. The properties of styrene copolymers prepared from unsaturated epoxy polyesters were considerably better compared with those obtained for styrene copolymers from unsaturated polyesters.© 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

不饱和聚酯树脂的合成研究进展

综述了不饱和聚酯树脂(UPR)的合成研究进展,特别针对功能化不饱和聚酯树脂如气干性、阻燃性、强韧性、光敏性和低收缩性不饱和聚酯树脂的合成方法和特性进行了介绍,对了未来不饱和聚酯树脂的发展方向和广泛的应用前景的展望。     

High pressure reverse phase liquid chromatography of fatty acidp-bromophenacyl esters

High pressure reverse phase liquid chromatography has been employed to rapidly separate saturated and unsaturated fatty acids as the correspondingp-bromophenacyl esters. Through the use of a highly efficient C₁₈ reverse phase column packing, it has also been possible to distinguish among geometrical and positional isomers of the unsaturated acids. The use of ultroviolet-sensitive esters has permitted the detection of low (nanogram range) concentrations of fatty acids. The time required for analysis has been further reduced by employing a novel and rapid method for the preparation of the esters.     

不饱和聚醚封端方法的探讨

简要介绍了不饱和端羟基聚醚的封端方法。讨论了封端剂用量、反应温度和时间等因素对封端反应的影响问题。     

Synthesis,characterization, thermal,and viscoelastic properties of an unsaturated epoxy polyester cured with different hardeners

The chemical modification of the structure of the unsaturated polyester obtained in poly condensation process of 1,2,3,6‐tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, maleic anhydride, and ethylene glycol by well known conventional method of epoxidation with peracetic acid in mild conditions has been presented. The new material containing both epoxy groups and unsaturated double bonds in polyester chain was characterized by FTIR and ¹H NMR spectra. The prepared unsaturated epoxy polyester was suitable material for further chemical modification. Both epoxy groups and unsaturated double bonds can be used as cross‐linking sites. Curing behavior, thermal, and visco‐elastic properties of the unsaturated epoxy polyester cured with different hardeners: 1,2,3,6‐tetrahydrophthalic anhydride (THPA), hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA), and/or with vinyl monomer (styrene) using radical initiator—benzoyl peroxide (BPO) were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

Preparation of Unsaturated Hydrazides by Hydrazinolysis

In the present paper, a direct method for the preparation of unsaturated hydrazides is reported. Oleic hydrazide has been prepared by hydrazinolysis of methyl oleate in the nitrogen atmosphere.     

Coupure cathodique de liaisons carbone-oxygene—I reduction electrochimique d'alcools insatures application a la reduction tetraelectronique de certaines cetones en carbures

Some unsaturated alcohols are reduced electrochemically on mercury at very negative potential values. For many of them, it has been shown that the carbon-oxygen bond is cleaved with formation of unsaturated hydrocarbons, in a two electron reaction. However, in some cases, there exists for the anion radical another possibility of reaction: protonation to form a saturated alcohol. When the protonation reaction is slow compared to the cleavage reaction, a direct method of electroreduction of ketones to hydrocarbons, through the intermediate alcohol, can be proposed.     

不饱和聚酯银粉钮扣的剥色与移染

本文着重介绍了不饱和聚酯银粉钮扣的剥色方法、应用工艺和适用条件.初步探讨了聚酯钮扣的移染方法.