螯合捕收剂烃基丙二酸的合成研究

选用四丁基溴化铵为催化剂,在无水碳酸钾碱性条件下,以丙二酸二乙酯和卤代烃为原料,采用相转移催化法合成出烃基丙二酸类化合物,作为氧化铅锌矿的新型螯合捕收剂。研究了相转移催化剂的种类及用量,原料间配比,无水K2CO3用量和反应温度等因素对反应的影响。得出丙二酸二乙酯烷基化的最佳条件,即反应物摩尔比为丙二酸二乙酯∶卤代烃∶K2CO3∶TBAB=1∶1.2∶1.2∶0.03,反应时间2 h,反应温度90℃。在此条件下获得的产物再经水解、酸化,通过红外光谱和核磁共振鉴定为烃基丙二酸。     

几种新型两性捕收剂合成及性能推测

本文报道了三类新型两性捕收剂α—氨基烃基膦酸、β—氨基烃基膦酸、亚磷酸单β—氨基乙酯的实验室合成方法,其中β—氨基烃基膦酸合成采用了我们提出的新方法。用浮选药剂分子设计的基团电负性方法和量子化学CNDO/2方法对这些药剂的性能作了推测,指出:这几种药剂适合作盐类矿物和金属氧化矿的捕收剂,并将以螯合作用的方式与矿物表面金属配位,选择性好,β—氨基烃基膦酸的选择性优于α—氨基烃基膦酸。这些推测均为实验证实。     

浅谈氧化铅锌矿的浮选现状

论述近年来国内外氧化铅锌矿浮选的进展，介绍氧化铅锌矿浮选工艺和浮选药剂的现状及发展。认为目前氧化铅锌矿浮选研究的主要发展方向是开发新型高效的浮选药剂和浮选新工艺。     

某氧化铅锌矿石选矿试验研究

研究了采用硫化浮选工艺浮选铅锌矿。结果表明:在不脱泥条件下,以水玻璃为分散剂,以混合黄药为捕收剂,可以将氧化铅锌矿富集。     

某高铁质深度氧化铅锌矿选矿试验研究

基于对某高铁质深度氧化铅锌矿矿石性质特点的了解,先依次浮选硫化铅、硫化锌,然后在不脱泥的情况下,采用两性捕收剂HN13,应用硫化-两性捕收剂浮选法浮选氧化锌,取得了较好的试验结果,实现了氧化锌的浮选回收。     

西藏查孜铅锌矿选矿工艺流程试验研究

根据原矿工艺矿物学和原矿性质研究结果,针对该铅锌矿石氧化率较高,属硫化-氧化过渡带混合矿石,含泥较高、可溶性盐高,铅锌嵌布比较密切;锌矿物含铁高,且含有较难浮选的异极矿,锌精矿品位较难提高等特点,进行了大量的选矿流程和药剂探索试验,最终确定采用优先浮选铅,再选锌的原则流程。通过对该铅锌矿的浮选工艺流程试验研究,得出处理该矿石合理的工艺流程及药剂制度。     

氧化铅锌矿石浮选的若干问题

浮选至今仍然是选别氧化铅锌矿石的主要方法,即使采用联合流程,浮选也是一个重要的作业。因此,浮选效果的好坏,对开发利用氧化铅锌矿石,有密切关系。本文将根据多年来的试验研究结果,对浮选中的一些问题进行探讨。一、氧化铅矿的浮选 1.一般方法及指标报导过的氧化铅矿石浮选方法有好几种,但通常采用的,是在加入硫化剂之后,用巯基捕收剂来浮选。至于其他方法,尚无     

国外某难选铅锌矿石的分选试验研究

回收某难选氧化铅锌矿石中的铅和锌,原矿中铅的品位3.97%,锌的品位3.37%,铅的氧化率为50%左右,锌的氧化率占10%左右。试验采用先硫化铅锌矿浮选,抑锌优先浮铅—锌浮选—氧化铅硫化浮选,试验通过药剂种类用量对比试验,得到最佳药剂制度,最后得到铅品位45.32%,回收率为44.86%的硫化铅精矿;铅品位50.37%,回收率为45.64%的氧化铅精矿,铅综合回收率90.5%;锌品位50.19%,回收率为81.23%的锌精矿,三个产品均获得了较好的指标。     

云南某氧化铅锌矿可选性试验研究

对云南某难选氧化铅锌矿进行可选性试验研究,根据矿石性质,试验采用硫化铅、锌依次优先浮选-脱泥-氧化铅摇床重选的工艺流程,闭路试验铅精矿品位54.47%、铅回收率74.20%,锌精矿品位50.80%、锌回收率43.02%。相对传统工艺,大幅提高了铅回收率。试验结果表明,试验流程对于该类型氧化铅锌矿具有较好的可行性与经济性。     

西林铅锌矿浮选过程自动控制系统的研究

概述浮选过程自动控制和浮选电化学的发展现状之后，结合西林铅锌矿的浮选流程和试验室小型试验研究结果，提出了一种基于浮选电化学理论的浮选过程控制新策略。该控制系统能够根据矿浆氧化还原电位和药剂离子浓度在线调控浮选过程。西林铅锌矿应用该控制系统后，使铅、锌精矿质量分别由5、7级上升至4、6级，回收率分别提高2．94％和2．37％。     

STUDIES ON THE APPLICATION OF ALKYL PHOSPHORIC ACID ESTER IN THE FLOTATION OF WOLFRAMITE

The application of alkyl phosphoric acid ester for the flotation of wolframite was investigated. The studies include flotation of pure wolframite as a function of pulp pH, surfactant concentration, and particle size. The response contours were explained on the basis of solution properties of alkyl phosphoric acid ester. The performance of alkyl phosphoric acid collector has been compared with other commercially used wolframite flotation reagents. The efficacy of the reagent was also tested using a low-grade quartz vein type tungsten ore (WO₃ 0.2%) having wolframite as the chief tungsten-bearing mineral. Different parameters that influence the flotation selectivity (pH, collector and dispersant dosage, kinetics) were investigated in the bench scale studies. A continuous flotation test with a reagent regime of alkyl phosphoric acid collector-sodium silicofluoride modifier—amyl alcohol frother—gave a float product analyzing WO₃ 8% with 68% overall recovery after multistage flotation. The tungsten metal values from this cleaner float can be extracted efficiently using established hydrometallurgical methods.     

羟肟酸类捕收剂在稀土选矿中的应用与研究进展

羟肟酸是一类选择性能很好的螯合捕收剂，广泛应用于氟碳铈矿和铌钽矿等稀土矿的浮选，在稀土矿的浮选中具有不可替代的作用。本文分别对烷基羟肟酸、烷基水杨醛肟、水杨羟肟酸、2-羟基-3-萘甲羟肟酸、1-羟基-2-萘甲羟肟酸、N-羟基邻苯二甲酰亚胺六种羟肟酸类捕收剂的结构、合成以及对稀土矿的捕收性能等进行了综述。     

Investigations on the Collector Reagent Development for the Recovery of Cassiterite from the Gravity Tails of a Low Grade Indian Tin Ore

Abstract

Results of the experimental studies carried out for developing a flowsheet for the recovery of cassiterite from the gravity tails of a low grade lode type tin ore (Tosham, Haryana) from India by froth flotation using three different collector reagents — alkyl phosphonic acid, sodium sulfosuccinamate and alkyl phosphoric acid ester are presented. The studies include micro-flotation of high purity cassiterite from Tosham, bench scale studies on gravity tails of Tosham tin ore, large scale semi-continuous test with relatively better reagent at optimised flotation conditions ending up with development of conceptual flowsheet meant for obtaining fuming grade cassiterite concentrate. The performance of various collector reagents was analysed on the basis of conventional metallurgical accounting methods and flotation kinetic rate constants. From a feed containing 0.24% Sn, a float product analysing 7% Sn with 55% recovery was obtained using a reagent combination of alkyl phosphoric acid ester-sodium silicofluoride - commercial grade sulfuric acid and citric acid.     

阳离子捕收剂浮选透辉石的试验研究

通过阳离子浮选试验,研究了胺类捕收剂对透辉石的捕收性能。试验结果表明:不同的胺类捕收剂,其适宜的pH值不同;捕收剂结构对于透辉石浮选效果的影响非常显著,N原子上引入烷基较少的多胺浮选效果最好,支链多且长的季铵盐类捕收剂对透辉石的浮选效果最差,伯胺类捕收剂性能位于二者之间。     

氢氟酸在硅酸盐矿物浮选中的作用机制

研究了氢氟酸（HF）在油酸钠浮选体系中对五类结构九种硅酸盐矿物的调整作用．通过矿物ξ-电位和X光电子能潜（XPS）的测定,以矿物晶体化学特征和表面特性为依据．分析了氢氟酸在硅酸盐矿物浮选中的作用机理．并着重探讨了HF对石英和绿柱石的活化作用．结果表明,氢氨酸对硅酸盐矿物的调整作用与矿物的晶体化学特征具有密切的关系,HF对矿物表面的清洗作用,溶蚀矿物表面硅酸及在矿物表面Al3 形成铝氟络合物,使矿物表面性质发生改变．是氢氟酸调整作用的主要机理．     

Effects of organic acids on the leaching process of ion-adsorption type rare earth ore

To examine the activation of organic acids on the leaching process of ion-adsorption type rare earth ore(IRE-ore), the leaching behavior of rare earth(RE) and zeta potential of IRE-ore were investigated in the absence and presence of carboxylic acids. The results show that all the tested organic acids(acetic acid,malonic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, succinic acid, and malic acid) can promote RE extraction. At relatively high concentrations of organic acids, the activation efficiency of organic acids on RE extraction is generally consistent with their complexation ability; whereas at their low concentrations, the change of zeta potential on the IRE-ore surface with organic acid concentration and p H has a close association with RE extraction, which indicates that organic acids can impact the surface electrical property of IREore via their adsorption/desorption, and thereby increase/decrease the affinity of RE ions to IRE-ore.Therefore the influence of organic acids on the IRE-ore surface electrical property also plays an important role in RE extraction in addition to their complexation with RE ions.     

羟肟酸类捕收剂性质及浮选钨矿物特性

通过对羟肟酸类捕收剂性质和羟肟酸类捕收剂与钨矿物作用特性的描述,表明羟肟酸浮选钨矿物最佳pH在pKa附近,此时药剂吸附量最大,ζ电位更负,羟肟酸与矿物表面金属或金属离子羟基化合物发生螯合反应。同时吸附试验结果表明羟肟酸在钨矿物表面的吸附主要为化学吸附,同时存在不均匀、物理吸附,最终形成多层吸附。     

Andalusite Flotation Using Alkyl Benzene Sulfonate as the Collector

Andalusite flotation using alkyl benzene sulfonate as the collector has been investigated in this work. This study was performed firstly with a high-grade andalusite sample in a micro-flotation cell and then with an ore sample in a mechanical flotation cell. Electrokinetic measurements showed that the isoelectric point of andalusite was pH 5.2 while that of quartz and biotite these were pH 2.1 and 3.8, respectively. Alkyl benzene sulfonate was found to be effective for andalusite flotation in acidic pH range where andalusite surfaces were positively charged. A pre-treatment by desliming and pre-float (to remove carbonaceous species) followed by flotation produced a concentrate assaying 56.5% Al₂O₃ at an aluminum recovery of 65.7%.     

萤石浮选药剂研究现状与展望

浮选分离药剂选择是萤石选矿的重点和难点之一. 总结萤石浮选的捕收剂和调整剂的种类、作用机理及使用现状,清洁、高效捕收剂和选择性强抑制剂是萤石浮选药剂的优选;重点介绍低温浮选捕收剂的研究现状及其在萤石浮选中的优势;组合药剂和新型浮选药剂的开发,性能及作用机理的研究仍然是今后研究的主要方向.