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《分离科学与技术》2012,47(12):1709-1714
Lignocellulosic biomass has potential as an alternative to corn as starting material for the production of ethanol for the development of non-fossil fuel energy sources. In this case, low concentration bioethanol is gained by yeast fermentation and it has to be efficiently recovered and concentrated. For this purpose pervaporation separation of dilute alcohol-aqueous solutions was carried out using a poly(octhylmethyl siloxane) [POMS] membrane. The effect of different process parameters (feed composition, feed temperature, feed flow rate, permeate pressure) on pervaporation performance were investigated and discussed in terms of the separation factor and the total flux. The membrane studied was ethanol to water selective at ethanol feed concentrations lower than 2.5% w/w, while the highest permeability was achieved at feed temperature of 95°C. 相似文献
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硅橡胶膜生物反应器中乙醇发酵与渗透汽化的耦合 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
用硅橡胶膜生物反应器(SMBR)实验研究连续发酵-渗透汽化的耦合性能。发酵微生物采用酿酒干酵母,所用碳源为工业级葡萄糖。发酵过程由于产物抑制作用,在乙醇质量浓度达到73 g/L时趋于停滞,而耦合渗透汽化膜后,发酵罐内的乙醇质量浓度降低并维持在40 g/L,使发酵可以连续稳定地进行。在SMBR运行达到稳态后,乙醇的体积产率为4.02 g/(L.h)。发酵液中乙醇质量浓度维持在20~63 g/L,聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)膜的总渗透通量为1 220~800 g/(m2.h),分离因子为5~9.2。与传统发酵和分离相同进料质量分数的乙醇溶液相比,乙醇发酵和渗透汽化在硅橡胶膜生物反应器中能相互耦合并得到强化。与较小规模耦合系统(发酵体积1 L和2 L)比较,性能稳定良好。 相似文献
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硅橡胶膜生物反应器封闭循环连续发酵制造乙醇放大实验及该发酵系统的基本性能 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
设计构建了发酵罐体积为5 L,单张膜有效面积为0.08 m2的平板硅橡胶膜生物反应器封闭循环连续发酵系统,实验研究了该系统在长期运行过程中的发酵反应动力学参数和膜传质动力学参数等基本性能.当发酵罐中乙醇浓度在30~60 g·L-1时,得质量浓度为17% ~28%的冷凝渗透液.在连续运行中,细胞浓度维持在10~24.8 g·L-1,料液罐中葡萄糖浓度大约为30~50 g·L-1,乙醇的体积产率为2.33~3.99 g·L-1·h-1,膜的渗透通量和分离因子分别为800~1050 g·m-2·h-1和5.1~8.6. 在连续269 h运行中,得到乙醇1999 g,基质转化率为87.2%,碳回收率为89.5%,产生的废液量大约为传统间歇发酵过程的22.2%左右. 相似文献
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《分离科学与技术》2012,47(8):1252-1260
High Boiling Point Organic Compounds (HBOCs 1 ) are defined as those organic compounds with boiling point over water (100°C). It is a challenging problem to separate HBOCs from their mixtures with water. Three HBOCs, propargyl alcohol, butanol, and pyridine, were selected as the experimental samples for observing their separation behaviors from water mixtures by PDMS membrane pervaporation. These HBOCs could preferentially permeate the PDMS membrane and were selectively extracted from the mixtures through the membrane. The experimental tests showed that the permeation flux of propargyl alcohol, butanol, and pyridine was 243.24, 976.5, and 904.70 gm?2h?1, with the corresponding selectivity of 3.78, 29.65, and 26.09, respectively. The effects of the feed flow rate, feed concentration, and temperature on the separation behaviors were examined. By comparison with distillation that separates different components in a mixture on the basis of boiling point, the membrane pervaporation seems to behave a “reverse direction” selective separation for the HBOCs. For those aqueous mixtures with tiny content of HBOCs, the “reverse selective separation” by membrane pervaporation should be considered as a promising and effective technology. 相似文献
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乙醇发酵与渗透汽化在硅橡胶膜生物反应器中的耦合强化 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
用硅橡胶膜生物反应器(SMBR)实验研究了发酵-渗透汽化的耦合性能。发酵微生物采用酿酒活性干酵母,所用的碳源为工业级葡萄糖。间歇发酵过程由于产物抑制作用在乙醇浓度达到90g稬-1时就趋于停滞,而经耦合渗透汽化膜分离后,发酵罐内的乙醇浓度迅速降低并维持在40g稬-1,且发酵在此浓度下可以连续稳定地进行。 在SMBR运行达到稳态后,乙醇的体积产率为1.5gL-1h-1。SMBR中所用的聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)复合膜由实验室自行制备,它能稳定分离含有酵母细胞的发酵液。当发酵液中乙醇浓度为92.7~49.5g稬-1时,PDMS复合膜的总通量为1490~1164g穖-2h-1,分离因子为6.9~7.8,与分离相同进料浓度的清洁模型溶液相比分别平均高出31%和14%。乙醇发酵和渗透汽化在硅橡胶膜生物反应器中能够相互耦合并得到强化。 相似文献
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硅橡胶复合膜用于新型白酒风味成分渗透汽化分离 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
用自制硅橡胶PDMS平板复合膜,分别在30、35、40℃和1325Pa膜下侧压力的条件下,渗透蒸发分离50°新型白酒中的风味物质。实验结果表明,PDMS复合膜对新型白酒风味物质具有良好的选择分离性能:5种酯类(乳酸乙酯除外)和乙缩醛的分离脱除率达100%,对高级醇也有良好的分离表现,乙醛的脱除率也超过87%。将分离后的酒液进行重组,得到较原酒品质更高的新酒,其感官评价大大好于原酒。膜在高浓度乙醇中能保持良好的稳定性,30、35和40℃时,对新型白酒的平均总渗透通量分别可达2297g/(m2·h)、2753g/(m2·h)和3539g/(m2·h),平均分离因子(均按乙醇-水体系计算)分别为5 22、5 22和5 32。 相似文献
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介绍了分子筛渗透汽化脱水装置的优点,总结1000 t/a分子筛渗透汽化乙醇脱水装置的运行情况,包括成品水分,渗透液乙醇含量的情况。根据实际运行情况核算装置运行成本,并与萃取精馏工艺运行成本作比较。分析了再沸器气化无法除去弱碱、弱碱盐、弱酸、可挥发性酸及弱酸弱碱盐的原因,及这些杂质对p H值和电导率的影响。提出了除去不同杂质的解决方案。 相似文献
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Traditional solvent recovery in the extraction step of edible oil processing is distillation, which consumes large amounts of energy. If the distillation is replaced by membrane process, the energy consumption can be reduced greatly. In this work, two kinds of membrane, PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) composite membrane and Zeolite filled PDMS membrane were prepared, in which asymmetric microporous PVDF (polyvinylidenefluoride) membrane prepared with phase inversion method was functioned as the microporous supporting layer in the flat-plate composite membrane. The different function compositions of the PDMS/PVDF com-posite membranes were characterized by reflection Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The surface and section of PDMS/PVDF composite membranes were investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The PDMS NF (nanofiltration) membranes were then applied in the recovery of hexane from soybean oil/hexane miscellas (1︰3, mass ratio). The effects of pres-sure (0.5-1.5 MPa), cross-linking temperature and PDMS layer thickness on membrane performances were investigated. The results indicated that both two kinds of NF membranes were promising for solvent recovery, and zeolite filled in PDMS NF membrane could enhance the separation performance. 相似文献
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综述了硅橡胶膜在渗透汽化分离(有机废水处理、生物发酵分离)中的应用及其制备技术(无机物填充改性、共缩聚或引入侧链基团改性)的最新研究进展. 相似文献
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采用端羟基聚丁二烯(HTPB)、端羟基聚丁二烯–苯乙烯共聚物(HTBS)和端羟基聚丁二烯–丙烯腈共聚物(HTBN)三种软段制备了聚氨酯(PUR)膜,利用红外光谱仪、差示扫描量热分析仪、热重分析仪表征了膜的结构和热性能;并以苯酚水溶液为目标体系,考察了三种膜的溶胀性以及渗透汽化分离性能。结果表明,HTPB–PUR膜具有最大的微相分离程度和耐热性;软段中的氰基会增大膜的溶胀度;HTBS–PUR膜具有最高的渗透性,而HTPB–PUR膜选择性最好;三种膜的总渗透通量、分离因子和渗透汽化分离指数均随进料温度升高而增加。 相似文献
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Pervaporation has attracted considerable interest owing to its potential application in recovering biobutanol from biomass acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation broth. In this study, butanol was recovered from its aqueous solution using a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)/ceramic composite pervaporation membrane. The effects of operating temperature, feed concentration, feed flow rate and operating time on the membrane pervaporation per-formance were investigated. It was found that with the increase of temperature or butanol concentration in the feed, the total flux through the membrane increased while the separation factor decreased slightly. As the feed flow rate increased, the total flux increased gradually while the separation factor changed little. At 40 C and 1% (by mass) butanol in the feed, the total flux and separation factor of the membrane reached 457.4 g•m2•h1 and 26.1, respec-tively. The membrane with high flux is suitable for recovering butanol from ABE fermentation broth. 相似文献