离子交换树脂吸附法分离乙醇溶液中甘油的研究

通过实验探讨了离子交换树脂对乙醇溶液中甘油的吸附作用。实验结果表明,凝胶型树脂对甘油的静态吸附容量大于大孔型树脂,且一般随温度降低而增大;在所试验的几种树脂中,２０１×４（ＯＨ型）具有较大的动态吸附容量（３３．７ｍｇ甘油／ｍｌ湿树脂）。     

阴离子交换树脂吸附辣椒碱的动力学研究

以辣椒树脂为原料,采用静态吸附法确定了201×7型阴离子交换树脂吸附辣椒碱的最优工艺和提取机理。通过可见分光光度法测定了辣椒碱的质量浓度,并绘制出了不同pH的吸附等温线,建立了离子交换吸附辣椒碱的动力学模型。实验结果表明:该树脂吸附辣椒碱的最优pH值为5.5,当pH5.0或pH6.0时,Langmuir方程能够更好地拟合该吸附过程;而当pH=5.0~6.0时,辣椒碱的吸附等温线更符合Freundlich方程。在pH=5.5、308.15K下,较高的辣椒树脂的质量浓度能显著提高离子交换速率,且初期(t30 min)800~1200r/min的搅拌速率有利于吸附过程。通过计算得出,树脂吸附辣椒碱模型的速率常数k0=2.11×10-3s-1、活化能Ea=12.6 k J/mol、反应级数为0.268,并利用Freundlich模型解析获得了最优pH值(5.5)下阴离子交换树脂吸附辣椒碱的动力学方程。     

离子交换法去除有机二胺吸收剂PA-A中的SO42-平衡及动力学研究

研究了大孔阴离子交换树脂对有机二胺吸收剂PA-A中SO42-的吸附相平衡和动力学行为。结果表明,D296型树脂对SO42-具有良好的吸附选择性,333K下的吸附容量可达100.20mg.g-1。Langmuir-Freundlich模型能较好地描述吸附交换行为。吸附过程符合Lagergren一级动力学模型。液膜扩散为吸附速率的主要控制步骤。     

离子交换树脂对铜离子吸附交换行为的研究

采用335弱碱性阴离子交换树脂交换吸附酞菁绿废水中高含量的铜离子。研究结果表明,335OH型树脂的交换吸附和脱附性能均优于701Cl,701OH及335Cl树脂,其干树脂的静态吸附交换容量大于120mg/g,工作交换吸附容量43.68mg/g,单柱20BV时铜的去除率可达93%以上,双柱串联处理60BV的去除率在99.91%以上,可确保出水中铜含量达到国家二级排放标准。选用8%HCl溶液为脱附剂,脱附率大于95%,从脱附液中可回收氧化铜,从而实现资源化的目的。树脂经再生后可重复使用,性能稳定,具有良好的应用前景。     

Adsorption isotherms,kinetic, and desorption studies on removal of toxic metal ions from aqueous solutions by polymeric adsorbent

Adsorption of Cd(II), Co(II), and Ni(II) on aminopyridine modified poly(styrene‐alt‐maleic anhydride) crosslinked by 1,2‐diaminoethane as an ion exchange resin has been investigated in aqueous solution. Adsorption behavior of these metal ions on the resin was studied by varying the parameters such as pH (2–6), adsorbent dose (0–4.0 g/L), contact time (0–240 min), and metal ions concentration (20–300 mg/L). Adsorption percentage was increased by increasing each of these parameters. The isotherm models such as: Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin–Radushkevich were used to describe adsorption equilibrium. The results showed that the best fit was achieved with the Langmuir isotherm equation, yielding maximum adsorption capacities of 81.30, 49.02, and 76.92 mg/g for Cd(II), Co(II), and Ni(II), respectively. The pseudo‐first‐order, pseudo‐second‐order, and intra‐particle diffusion kinetics equations were used for modeling of adsorption data and it was shown that pseudo‐second‐order kinetic equation could best describe the adsorption kinetics. The intra‐particle diffusion study revealed that external diffusion might be involved in this case. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 41642.     

阳离子交换树脂催化合成异丁酸正丁酯

以异丁酸和正丁醇为原料,阳离子交换树脂(NKC-9)为催化剂,合成了异丁酸正丁酯。考察了醇酸摩尔比、催化剂用量、反应时间等因素对反应的影响,并测定了动力学数据。通过实验得到了较佳制备工艺条件:n(正丁醇)∶n(异丁酸)=1.4∶1,NKC-9催化剂用量为异丁酸和正丁醇总质量的4%,反应温度≤125℃,反应时间2.0h,在该条件下,异丁酸的转化率达97.6%,催化剂重复使用5次后,异丁酸的转化率为96.4%。并建立了该酯化反应的表观动力学模型。     

大孔离子交换树脂应用的研究进展

主要介绍大孔离子交换树脂在水处理、冶金工业、化学工业、医药以及环保等方面应用的进展,对解决大孔离子树脂在处理工业废水、医药和食品生产中的实际问题提出一些建议。     

Experimental Studies on Electrodeionization for the Removal of Copper Ions from Dilute Solutions

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to investigate the ability of electrodeionization to remove copper ions from dilute solutions without chemical regenerations. Experiments were carried out in a bench‐scale stack using a feed solution containing about 50 mg/L of copper. It was demonstrated that electrodeionization operated in either the “enhanced transfer” or the “electroregeneration” regime. In the “electroregeneration” regime, the process was able to produce a pure water product containing non‐detectable concentrations of copper, while CuO scale was found on the surface of anion exchange membranes. With optimal conditions, a steady and continuous process can be achieved.     

Preconcentration and Determination of Pb (II) in Aqueous Samples using Functionalized Dowex 1X8

Synthetic resin Dowex 1X8 was functionalized with α-Nitroso β-Naphthol (Dowex-αNβN) and with 8-Hydroxy Quinoline (Dowex-8HQ) to form chelating resin. The resultant chelating resins were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The efficiency of these resins for the removal/preconcentration of Pb (II) from aqueous samples was evaluated. Optimum conditions of pH, time of equilibrium, and sample volume were investigated for maximum retention of Pb (II) from aqueous solutions. At optimum conditions, 100% adsorption was observed for the functionalized resins. Both Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms were applied to the adsorption data and it was observed that data fits well to Langmuir isotherm. Various parameters such as shaking time, type, and concentration of eluents were investigated for the recovery of Pb (II) from the chelating resins. For Dowex-αNβN and Dowex-8HQ, 100% recovery with a preconcentration factor of 100 was achieved with 0.5 and 2 M HCl, respectively. The selectivity and specificity of the functionalized resins was also evaluated by studying the effect of various foreign ions and the results have been compared with the unmodified Dowex.     

Preparation and metal ion adsorption properties of the resin containing sulfonic acid groups

In this study, we explored a new ion exchange material synthesized by radical polymerization of styrene and 2‐acrylamido‐2‐methyl‐1‐propane sulfonic acid by using 2,2′‐azo‐isobutyronitrile (1 mol %) and divinylbenzene (0.5 mol %) as initiator and crosslinking reagents, respectively. The resin was obtained from a large excess (90%) of styrene in the feed. The yield was 72.3%. The resin was completely insoluble in water and characterized by elemental analysis, FTIR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and thermal analysis. The metal ion retention capability was investigated for Ag(I), Hg(II), Cd(II), Zn(II), Pb(II), and Cr(III). The effect of pH, time, and resin/metal ion mol ratio on the metal ion retention was studied. Selectivity of the resins from a mixture of metal ions and the maximum retention capacity at optimum pH were also determined. The recovery of the resin by using 1 and 4 M HClO₄ and HNO₃ demonstrated that it is possible to recover the resin above 80%. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 1230–1235, 2003     

AB-8树脂吸附反式1,2环己二醇热力学和动力学(英文)

AB-8 resin was used as an adsorbent for the removal of trans-1,2-cyclohexandiol(CHD) from aqueous solutions.Batch experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of contact time and temperature on sorption efficiency.The adsorptive thermodynamic properties and kinetics of CHD from water onto AB-8 resin were studied.The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were employed to discuss the adsorption behavior.Thermodynamic parameters such as G,H and S were calculated.The results indicate that the equilibrium data are perfectly represented by Langmuir isotherm model.Thermodynamic study reveals that it is an exothermic process in nature and mainly physical adsorption enhanced by chemisorption with a decrease of entropy process.The kinetics of CHD adsorption is well described by the pseudo second-order model.The adsorbed CHD can be eluted from AB-8 resin by 5% ethanol aqueous solution with 100% elution percentage.     

用DSC法研究聚苯乙烯磺酸钠阳离子交换树脂热分解反应的非等温动力学

用DSC法研究了粉状聚苯乙烯磺酸钠阳离子交换树脂受热反应的非等温动力学。在温度区间为390~500℃,先发生一个放热反应,其后是吸热反应。测定了这两个表观受热反应的动力学基础数据-表观活化能和频率因子分别为:(2.8±0.4)×102kJ/mol,278±17 kJ/mol和(2.4±0.4)×1020/min,(5.2±0.4)×1019/min(99%置信度)。还测定了上述两个表观反应的反应热,前者为-8±3 J/g,后者为77±8 J/g(390℃时无水树脂重)(95%置信度)。     

Studies on Removal of Low Content Copper from the Sea Nodule Aqueous Solution using the Cationic Resin TP 207

Selective removal of copper remaining in the raffinate, obtained after solvent extraction of copper with LIX 84-I from the sea nodule leach solution, containing 0.512 g/L Cu(II), 0.212 g/L Fe(III), 15.16 g/L Ni(II), and 2.012 g/L Co(II), was carried out with TP 207, in the batch and column adsorption system. The operational factors affecting the copper adsorption such as initial copper ion concentration (0.05–1.0 g/L), pH (1–4 Jie , W.J. ; Xiu , Z.Q. ; Qing , Z.G. ; Ying , C.Z. ( 2010 ) Deep removal of copper from cobalt sulfate electrolyte by ion-exchange . T. Nonferr. Metal Soc. , 20 : 1534 – 1540 . Zhong , C.Q. ; Kang , M.X. ; Yan , M.A. ; Xia , Z.C. ( 2005 ) A Method of Removing Copper from Cobalt Electrolyte . [P] CN1598013A , 3 – 23 . (In Chinese). Nam , C.W. ; Kim , B.S. ; Park , K.H. ( 2003 ) Recovery of cobalt, nickel from manganese nodules by reduction roasting and smelting . Korean Soc. Geosyst. Eng. , 40 : 191 – 197 . Nam , C.W. ; Park , K.H. ; Kim , H.I. ( 2004 ) Sulphuric acid pressure leaching of Cu-Ni-Co-Fe matte . Korean Soc. Geosyst. Eng. , 419 : 413 – 417 . ), resin dosage (5–100 g/L), and temperature (293–338 K) were investigated. Adsorption of copper was found to be maximum at an equilibrium pH of 1.97 without any adsorption of other metal ions in the solution and was strongly affected by the resin dosage. Adsorption equilibrium data was well fitted with the Langmuir isotherm, and the monolayer adsorption capacity of copper ion was determined as 68.7 mg g^?1, at 298 K. The positive values of ΔH^o (11.5, 10.4, and 10.1 kJ mol^?1) determined at corresponding initial copper concentrations: 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 g/L, respectively, in the solution, indicated that the adsorption was endothermic in nature. Kinetic studies confirmed that the adsorption of copper followed pseudo second order reaction with intra particle diffusion.     

硫酸铀酰印迹离子交换树脂的合成及识别特性研究

为进行稀溶液中铀的浓缩,以硫酸铀酰为模板、二乙基烯丙基胺为功能单体,在水中采用自组装分子印迹技术制备了硫酸铀酰印迹离子交换树脂.对树脂合成条件进行了优化,研究了pH值对吸附量的影响、分子印迹聚合物MIPs-4的等温吸附与吸附动力学、柱内吸附与淋洗曲线等树脂识别性能.结果表明:印迹树脂对硫酸铀酰的吸附性能比非印迹树脂好,可以在pH=1～6范围内应用,并在pH为2左右时吸附能力最强.MIPs-4树脂的吸附等温线为"优吸"型,吸附在约3h达到平衡.当C0=0.125mg·mL-1时,Kd=0.249L·g-1.吸附液ρ(U)=1.0 mg·mL-1、接触时间4min进行的柱内试验得出MIPs-4的穿透体积、穿透容量和饱和容量分别为柱内树脂的床体积(BV)的22倍、21.6 mg·mL-1和36.2 mg·mL-1.以0.05 mol·L-1 H2SO4 1.0 mol·L-1 NaCl为淋洗液时,淋洗体积仅4BV,流出液中最大铀浓度达到17.6 mg·mL-1.印迹树脂的吸附和解吸性能好,可应用于低浓度铀的浓缩及含铀废水的处理.     

离子交换树脂非均相催化乙酰化合成乙酰甲胺磷

研究了在间易搅拌釜中以阳离子交换树脂为催化剂，由甲胺磷催化乙酰化合成乙酰甲胺磷。分别考察了不同类型离子交换树脂的催化乙酰化作用。并且研究了搅拌速度，催化剂用量以及反应温度对乙酰化反应的影响。研究结果表明，以NKC9型离子交换树脂在333.15K温度下具有最好的催化乙酰化作用。     

醋酸母液中钴锰离子交换吸附的研究

本文叙述了浓醋酸介质中钴锰离子在离子交换树脂上的吸附交换过程，实验结果表明，上述离子交换过去在某些树脂上可以进行，并且可以利用这一交换过程直接从偏三甲苯氧化制偏苯三酸的母液中回收钴锰催化剂。     

Evaluation of a Bidisperse Pore Model for Ion Exchange Kinetics in Porous Media

A previously published bidisperse pore model that considers in turn ion interdiffusion in macro- and micro-pores as competitive and step-by-step processes was evaluated. The ion exchange rate of H⁺/Ni²⁺ on gel and macroporous strong acid resins was measured under conditions favoring a particle diffusion controlled mechanism. The interdiffusion coefficients were obtained using a bidisperse pore and quasi-homogenous resin phase kinetic models, respectively. The overall rate of H⁺/Ni²⁺ exchange on the macroporous resin is lower than in the gel resin. It was shown that ion interdiffusion in the micropores of the porous resin could also be important.     

离子交换树脂在天然产物提取分离中的应用

综述了离子交换树脂在核苷酸、核酸、抗生素等天然产物分离纯化中应用的研究现状,展望了离子交换树脂在天然产物提取分离中的应用前景。     

Preconcentration and Determination of Metal Ions in Commercial Ethanol Used as Fuel for Automotive Engines

Abstract

The present investigation reports the synthesis, characterization, and adsorption properties of a new nanomaterial based on organomodified silsesquioxane nanocages. The adsorption isotherms for CuCl₂, CoCl₂, ZnCl₂, NiCl₂, and FeCl₃ from ethanol solutions were performed by using the batchwise method. The equilibrium condition is reached very quickly (3 min), indicating that the adsorption sites are well exposed. The results obtained in the flow experiments, showed a recovery of ca. 100% of the metal ions adsorbed in a column packed with 2 g of the nanomaterial, using 5 mL of 1.0 mol L^?1 HCl solution as eluent. The sorption‐desorption of the metal ions made possible the development of a method for preconcentration and determination of metal ions at trace level in commercial ethanol, used as fuel for car engines. The values determined by recommended method for plants 1, 2, and 3 indicated an amount of copper of 51, 60, and 78 µg L^?1, and of iron of 2, 15, and 13 µg L^?1, respectively. These values are very close to those determined by conventional analytical methods. Thus, these similar values demonstrated the accuracy of the determination by recommended method.     

Investigation of Selectivity and Kinetic Behavior of Strong‐Base Ion Exchange Resin Purolite A 520E for Nitrate Removal from Aqueous Solution

Abstract

The aim of this work is to present experimental results on the removal of nitrate by nitrate selective ion exchange resin, Purolite A 520E. The resin particle size, nitrate concentration, temperature, and stirring speed were investigated as experimental parameters and the optimum conditions for nitrate removal were determined. Nitrate removal by strong base anion exchange resin Purolite A 520E was carried out with the batch method in the presence of chloride and sulfate ions. The existence of a high concentration of competing ions in a solution resulted in a reduction of nitrate removal. Nitrate removal ratios decreased from 98% to 85% and 88%, respectively, in the presence of chloride and sulfate ions when the chloride and sulfate ratios were increased in solution. The process kinetics were predicted by using Homogenous Diffusion Models. It was seen that about 98% of nitrate in the aqueous solution could be removed using optimum conditions.