Optimization of Food Waste Bioevaporation Process Using Response Surface Methodology

A proven bioevaporation process was used to treat food waste (FW) by mixing ground FW with biodried sludge (BS). Organic loading (OL), moisture content (MC), and air flow rate (Q_g) showed significant influences on FW bioevaporation performance. Single-parameter experiments for MC and Q_g were conducted and ranges were determined to be 55–67 wt% and 0.04–0.14 m³/kg TS_mixture · h, respectively. In order to optimize the FW bioevaporation process, a central composite design (CCD) and response surface method (RSM) were applied over the preselected ranges of OL (0.00–0.16 kg VS_FW/kg TS_BS), MC (50.91–71.09 wt%), and Q_g (0.01–0.17 m³/kg TS_mixture · h). The results indicated that OL of 0.06 kg VS_FW/kg TS_BS, MC of 59.2 wt%, and Q_g of 0.09 m³/kg TS_mixture · h were the optimal conditions for the FW bioevaporation process. Water evaporation of 123.1% and VS degradation of 108.4% were obtained under these estimated optimal conditions.     

ZrSiO4超细粉体生产工艺响应面优化的方法

硅酸锆超细粉体在陶瓷、耐火材料及电子工业等许多领域有广泛应用。而生产超细粉体关键步骤之一是超细磨矿,粉体质量又受磨矿的许多工艺参数的影响。要想获得高质量粉体必需对工艺参数进行优化,常用优化方法有两大类：实验法和解析法,本文主要介绍了解析法。响应面优化法就是一种较好的解析方法,其过程是选工艺参数及其水平,然后建立解析式并方差分析优化,进而确立最佳操作工艺参数并进行响应面解析。首先是确定一组参数（或因子）,如：球料比、磨矿时间和助磨剂含量,各取三水平。然后用design-expert程序处理。因此,这就是所谓的三因子三水平的优化方法。     

响应面法优化竹材热裂解制备生物油的工艺研究

为了提高竹材生物质流化床快速热裂解制备生物油产率,利用响应面法优化其最佳工艺条件.试验选择热裂解温度(450～550℃)、气相停留时间(1.5～2.5 s)和物料粒径(0.18 ～0.22 mm)三因素作为独立变量,采用中心组合设计建立模型和考察上述因素对生物油收率的影响.结果表明三因素对生物油收率具有显著影响而它们之间的交互作用均不显著.依据所得到的模型,在各因素设定范围内获得的最佳工艺条件为:热裂解温度519.0℃、气相停留时间2.1s、物料粒径0.18mm,生物油理论收率为58.17％.在该条件下进行的三次重复试验,竹材生物油的实际平均收率为57.85％,与模型预测值58.17％无显著差异.响应面法简便、高效,优化结果能给生物质流化床快速热裂解制备生物油制备工艺提供一定的参考.     

响应曲面法优化小麦秸秆纤维素酶水解条件

利用响应曲面试验设计方法(RSM),选择底物质量分数、酶投加量、温度、pH值及水解时间为试验因子,还原糖(RS)产率为响应值,考察小麦秸秆纤维素酶水解过程中各影响因子对还原糖产率的影响,对小麦秸秆纤维素酶水解条件进行优化。结果表明,所考察的5个影响因子对还原糖产率均具有显著影响(p<0.05)。所得回归方程R² 值为 0.946 9,p<0.05,变异系数(C_V)值为4.37%,足够精度值为26.396,说明模型高度显著,可以在设计范围内对响应值进行预测。模型预测最佳水解条件为底物质量分数8.0%,酶投加量为35 FPU/g(以秸杆质量计),温度50 ℃,pH值5.4,水解时间96 h。利用最优水解条件进行验证试验,所得还原糖产率为60.73%,水解液中葡萄糖和木糖质量浓度分别为31.84和 16.74 g/L。     

Optimization of Fluidized Bed Drying Process of Green Peas Using Response Surface Methodology

The fluidized bed drying process of green peas was optimized using the response surface methodology for the process variables: drying air temperature (60–100°C), tempering time (0–60 min), pretreatment, and mass per unit area (6.3–9.5 g/cm²). The green peas were pretreated by pricking, hot water blanching, or chemical blanching. Product quality parameters such as rehydration ratio, color, texture, and appearance were determined and analyzed. Second-order polynomial equations, containing all the process variables, were used to model the measured process and product qualities. Rehydration ratio was influenced mostly by pretreatment followed by tempering time, temperature, and mass per unit area. Pretreatment and mass per unit area significantly affected color and texture. Higher levels of temperature and lower levels of tempering time and mass per unit area increased the rehydration ratio. The optimum process conditions were derived by using the contour plots on the rehydration ratio and sensory scores generated by the second-order polynomials. Optimum conditions of 79.4°C drying air temperature, 35.8-min tempering time, pretreatment of the once pricked peas with chemical blanching in a solution of 2.5% NaCl and 0.1% NaHCO₃, and mass per unit area of 6.8 g/cm² were recommended for the fluidized bed drying of green peas. At these conditions the rehydration ratio was 3.49.     

Optimization of Lipase Production by Burkholderia sp. Using Response Surface Methodology

Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the extracellular lipase production by Burkholderia sp. HL-10. Preliminary tests showed that olive oil, tryptone and Tween-80 exhibited significant effects on the lipase production. The optimum concentrations of these three components were determined using a faced-centered central composite design (FCCCD). The analysis of variance revealed that the established model was significant (p < 0.01). The optimized medium containing 0.65% olive oil (v/v), 2.42% tryptone (w/v) and 0.15% Tween-80 (v/v) resulted in a maximum activity of 122.3 U/mL, about three fold higher than that in basal medium. Approximately 99% of validity of the predicted value was achieved.     

响应面法优化微胶囊复合壁材配比的研究

壁材作为微胶囊的重要组成部分,决定微胶囊的特性。本文选择海藻酸钠等为壁材,采用高压静电微胶囊制备装置,以成囊合格率为检测指标,运用Box-Behnken中心组合设计和响应面分析,研究了壁材配比对微胶囊特性的影响。得到的最优壁材配比为1.53%海藻酸钠,4.52%聚乙烯醇,1%明胶,1%甘油,成囊溶液氯化钙浓度为22.86g/L,微胶囊合格率为87.37%。可为食品、医药、化工等微胶囊化壁材配比选择提供参考。     

响应曲面法优化混合菌HJ8-1降解水中原油污染物

采用响应曲面法优化混合菌HJ8-1修复原油污染水体的条件,以原油浓度、氮浓度、磷浓度和表面活性剂(SDBS)浓度为自变量、原油降解率为因变量,运用Box-Behnken(BB)设计研究了各自变量及其交互作用对水中原油污染物降解效果的影响.以二次多项式回归方程预测模型为基础,得到含油量为2 g·L-1、11g·L-1和2...     

响应面优化烟叶多糖磷酸化工艺 及保润性评价

采用超声辅助提取烟叶多糖,在单因素基础上,以响应面法优化磷酸化烟叶多糖的工艺条件,再分别以磷酸化烟叶多糖、烟叶多糖、蒸馏水和丙二醇为保润剂,对比其在烟丝上的持水性能,最后,对烟叶多糖和磷酸化烟叶多糖进行评吸。结果表明:制备磷酸化烟叶多糖的最佳工艺条件为:反应时间6.1 h、反应温度95℃、pH=9.0,磷酸化烟叶多糖中磷酸根质量分数平均为11.68%。持水性能大小为磷酸化烟叶多糖烟叶多糖丙二醇蒸馏水。感官评价结果显示:添加磷酸化烟叶多糖对改善卷烟评吸品质效果显著。     

响应面法分析优化苯与乙烯的烷基化反应

对改性β-分子筛催化的苯与乙烯的烷基化反应的工艺条件进行了优化。通过单因素实验确定了反应温度、空速、乙烯与苯的摩尔比的取值范围,并用响应面法(Box-Behnken设计法)确定最佳工艺参数为:反应温度154℃,空速2h-1,乙烯与苯的摩尔比1∶3。在此条件下,苯的转化率达到56.274%、乙苯的选择性达到86.592%。     

基于响应曲面法优化文冠果种仁油的提取工艺研究

以文冠果种仁为原料,利用响应曲面法优化文冠果种仁油的提取工艺。在单因素实验的基础上,应用Box-Behnken设计方法建立数学模型,选择提取温度、提取时间和液料比为影响因子,以文冠果种仁油提取率为响应值,进行响应曲面分析。确定文冠果种仁油的最佳提取工艺条件为：提取温度58℃、提取时间31 min、液料比6∶1（mL∶g）,在此条件下文冠果种仁油的平均提取率为59.58%,与模型高度拟合。     

响应面法优化杆菌肽发酵培养基

采用响应面分析法对杆菌肽产生菌的发酵培养基进行优化。采用Plackett-Burman实验筛选出影响杆菌肽产量的主要因素为豆粕、Na2S2O3、生物氮素,利用最陡爬坡路径逼近响应区域,应用Box-Behnken设计和响应面分析优化得到最佳发酵培养基,发酵单位较优化前提高了36.9%。     

响应面法优化达托霉素发酵培养基的研究

通过Plackett-Burman设计、最陡爬坡设计与响应面设计,对达托霉素发酵培养基进行了优化,并使用Design expert 7.0软件对实验结果进行分析.结果表明,培养基各成分中影响达托霉素产量的主要因素是糊精、可溶性淀粉和L-天冬氨酸,其最佳浓度分别为7.0g·L-1、6.66 g·L-1、0.4g·L-1,在此条件下,达托霉素的产量达到185.3 mg· L-1,较优化前提高了73.7％.     

Optimization of Cutinase Purification using a Hydrophobic Interaction Membrane Chromatographic Process by Response Surface Methodology

Several methods have been demonstrated in the recovery and purification of cutinase; however, hydrophobic interaction membrane chromatography (HIMC) has yet to be implemented for this purpose. In this study, two factors, that is, buffer pH and ammonium sulphate concentration for HIMC operation, were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM), aiming to obtain the highest cutinase purification factor and recovery possible. The experimental design used was a central composite design (CCD) comprised of 13 experimental runs. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated that a quadratic model best represented the system. Based on the R ² values, it can be concluded that around 90% of the variability in the system can be explained by the fitted models. The optimized HIMC conditions were buffer pH 6.0 and 1.3 M ammonium sulphate, which was expected to provide 27-fold cutinase purification factor and 85% recovery. However, the actual values deviated from the predicted values with 13% and 18% error, respectively. The statistical analysis showed that only the ammonium sulphate concentration had a great influence on cutinase purification factor. Meanwhile, for cutinase recovery, both parameters were important in determining the optimal condition for cutinase adsorption and desorption to the chromatographic media.     

响应曲面法优化超声强化浸出烧结灰中银的工艺

以烧结灰水浸渣为原料、酸性硫脲溶液为浸出剂,采用超声强化法研究了超声波功率、颗粒尺寸、浸出时间、硫脲浓度、反应温度对银浸出率的影响,在此基础上采用响应曲面法(RSM)优化设计银浸出实验,获得烧结灰中提银的最佳工艺条件和二阶多项式模型. 结果表明,在超声波功率400 W、颗粒尺寸75~96 ?m、浸出时间90 min、硫脲浓度22 g/L、反应温度50℃条件下,银浸出率的模型预测值为96.15%,实测值为95.7%,相对误差为0.45%,可用该模型预测烧结灰提取银过程.     

响应面法优化微胶囊复合壁材配比

采用高压静电微胶囊制备装置,以成囊合格率为检测指标,选择海藻酸钠等为壁材,运用Box-Behnken中心组合设计和响应面分析,研究了壁材配比对微胶囊特性的影响。得到的最优条件是:壁材组成为质量分数1.53%(以下都是质量分数)海藻酸钠,4.52%聚乙烯醇,1%明胶,1%甘油,成囊溶液氯化钙质量浓度为22.86g/L,微胶囊合格率为87.37%。在最优条件下制备出的微胶囊内外表面光滑,囊壁透明,分散性好,形态完整。可为食品、医药、化工等微胶囊化壁材配比选择提供参考。     

响应曲面优化粗锡真空蒸馏

采用响应曲面法优化粗锡真空蒸馏工艺,研究了蒸馏温度、保温时间和原料质量对粗锡真空蒸馏提纯效果的影响. 结果表明,蒸馏温度和保温时间对粗锡真空蒸馏影响较大,原料质量的影响较小,蒸馏温度1350~1400℃、保温时间40~60 min时可有效去除粗锡中杂质. 以97.4185%的粗锡为原料,在蒸馏温度1400℃、保温60 min的条件下,锡纯度达99.8752%,含0.012% Pb, 0.045% Sb, 0.0005% Bi和0.0005% As,Fe和Cu含量无变化,Sn直收率达99.89%.     

星点设计-效应面法优化立方液晶纳米粒制备工艺

探究了星点设计-效应面法优化立方液晶纳米粒制备工艺的超声参数。以植烷三醇为液晶材料、泊洛沙姆407（F127）为稳定剂,通过高速剪切和超声破碎制备立方液晶纳米粒,采用星点设计-效应面法探讨了超声参数（超声时间、超声功率）对纳米粒样品液温度、粒径的影响。结果表明：超声功率对样品温度、粒径均有显著的影响,优化工艺条件为使用50.0%超声功率超声6.0 min。采用优化后的工艺进行验证,预测值与实测值较接近,表明效应面法优化的制备工艺预测性好。     

基于响应面法的水辅助共注塑管件的工艺参数优化

以最小总壁厚及内层壁厚为目标,基于响应面法（RSM）对成型工艺参数进行优化。由单因素实验确定总壁厚和内层熔体壁厚的主要影响因素;由Plackett Burman试验确定关键因素;再通过Box Behnken试验设计和响应面法分析与优化,获得最小总壁厚和内层熔体壁厚的工艺条件为：注水压力7.5 MPa,注水延迟时间2s,内层熔体温度215℃;在优化条件下,利用Design-expert模型预测总壁厚和内层壁厚与实验结果吻合较好,表明响应面法能够优化水辅助共注塑管件最小壁厚的工艺参数。     

Optimization of Preparation Conditions for PDMS-Silica Composite Pervaporation Membranes Using Response Surface Methodology

In this article, response surface methodology was used to optimize the preparation conditions of fumed silica filled polydimethylsiloxane/cellulose acetate composite membranes. The silica loading, polydimethylsiloxane concentration, and NH₂-C₃H₆-Si(OC₂H₅)₃/silica weight ratio were considered as factors. Two regression equations, which described the effects of the three factors on the permeation flux and selectivity of the membranes, were derived from the results of 20 experiments by using a statistical software Design-Expert 7.1.4. The results revealed that the three factors had important effects on the permeation flux and the selectivity. The obtained regression equations were confirmed with another four groups of experiments. According to the regression equations, for the separation of an ethanol aqueous solution with the concentration of 10 wt%, the maximum selectivity of the membrane, 11.5 could be obtained at the feed temperature of 40°C, and the corresponding permeation flux was 197.3 g · m^?2 · h^?1. The preparation conditions for making the composite membrane with the above separation performances were: the silica loading was 5.21 wt%, the polydimethylsiloxane concentration was 13.36 wt%, and the NH₂-C₃H₆-Si(OC₂H₅)₃/silica weight ratio was 0.59.