User perceptions and expectations of an information retrieval system

Performance measures are frequently used to evaluate user friendliness of a system. An equally important, but often overlooked factor is the users' attitudes towards a system. A prototype interface for information retrieval was developed for presenting engineering manuals online. It was tested on a representative sample of the intended end user community. We found that subjects' expectations were based on their experience with printed materials and other computer systems. Familiar search mechanisms (e.g., table of contents, index) were important for getting them started, even though they switched to other mechanisms as they gained more experience with the system. The fact that the index was more detailed than the one in the printed manual was seen by the subjects as critical for speedy and efficient information retrieval. Keyword search of the database was generally the preferred retrieval mechanism. However, some users preferred the index. The 'Table of Contents' which was a tree structured menu based system was found to be of limited use in the electronic medium, in contrast to the printed manual.     

A model of an information retrieval system with unbalanced fuzzy linguistic information

Most information retrieval systems based on linguistic approaches use symmetrically and uniformly distributed linguistic term sets to express the weights of queries and the relevance degrees of documents. However, to improve the system–user interaction, it seems more adequate to express these linguistic weights and degrees by means of unbalanced linguistic scales, that is, linguistic term sets with different discrimination levels on both sides of the middle linguistic term. In this contribution we present an information retrieval system that accepts weighted queries whose weights are expressed using unbalanced linguistic term sets. Then, the system provides the retrieved documents classified in linguistic relevance classes assessed on unbalanced linguistic term sets. To do so, we propose a methodology to manage unbalanced linguistic information and we use the linguistic 2‐tuple model as the representation base of the unbalanced linguistic information. Additionally, the linguistic 2‐tuple model allows us to increase the number of relevance classes in the output and also to improve the performance of the information retrieval system. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Int Syst 22: 1197–1214, 2007.     

An implementation of relational interface to an information retrieval system

In the paper a specialized relational interface to information retrieval systems is presented. Its aim is to enable the user to obtain aggregated data (e.g. total information about objects described by the database) in a simple and concise way. An additional relational database is produced by extraction of data from the main database. Data to be extracted are defined by the user in the terms of the DDL. The relational database is processed by means of the DML based on the relational algebra. Additional instructions of the DML enable the user to output relations in a tabular form and to maintain relations between subsequent executions of the manipulation program.     

基于贝叶斯网络和互信息的检索用户模型

个性化信息服务越来越成为信息检索领域研究的热点.将贝叶斯网络和互信息相结合,用于个性化检索的用户建模中,建立了一个能同时表达特征词的统计分布和特征词间的语义相关性的用户模型.模型以贝叶斯网络结构为框架,包含了特征词的概率统计信息和特征词间互信息,并引入了时间机制.实验结果表明,用该模型进行信息检索,在查全率和查准率方面都得到了提高.     

MAKEBASE, an on-line information retrieval system for structural mechanics

MAKEBASE is a special purpose database system under development at Linköping Institute of Technology, Division of Solid Mechanics.

This database includes literature references covering the finite element and boundary element techniques, and detailed information on the finite element and boundary element software, as well as information on pre/postprocessors interfacing the finite element and boundary element programs.

MAKEBASE is designed for a selective, on-line information retrieval (author, subject, software options) for researchers and other workers in the field of structural mechanics.

The database is regularly updated, implemented on VAX-11/780 computers. The presented paper describes the database, and outlines its application and future development.     

User profiling for the melvil knowledge retrieval system

Melvil is an ontology-based knowledge retrieval platform that provides a three-dimensional visualization of search results. The user can tailor the presentation of the search results to his or her preferences by changing the settings of various parameters on the screen. In this paper, we report on a prototype implementation of a user profiling device that learns to predict appropriate settings for these parameters for the current search results based on previous experiences. In a preliminary study, we evaluated several off-the-shelf machine learning algorithms on parts of the problem. The final implementation required the flexibility of handling both regression and classification problems, being able to deal with set-valued input and output attributes, as well as incorporating Melvil 's ontologies for the respective application domain. Thus, we selected a nearest-neighbor approach for the prototype implementation. An evaluation on off-line data collected from several users showed a satisfactory performance.     

图像信息检索系统的设计

对采用基于图像频率特征匹配和图像识别方法来实现图像信息检索进行了研究.先用小波分析作为特征提起方法,由于小波分析具有多分辨率分析的特点,并且在提取图像频域特征的同时,保留了图像的空间信息,因此用它来提取图像特征;而后根据计算量的大小,分别用改进的二维相关性算法和二维动态规划弹性算法进行图像的匹配和识别;用VC 和Matlab混合编程进行系统构建并进行了测试实验.实验结果表明,系统有良好的检索效果.     

一种并行Web信息采集系统模型

根据国内外在信息采集领域的发展以及并行采集技术的研究，提出了一个基于多线程并行的Web信息采集结构模型，该模型以线程并行的方式对Web页面同时采集，实现了全面、高效并且灵活的信息搜集。     

一种网格信息检索模型系统设计

计算机技术和Internet的迅速发展,网络的信息量与访问量成几何级数增长,网络拥塞和服务超载日益成为网络及其服务器必须面对的严峻问题。为解决不同领域复杂科学计算与海量信息服务问题,出现了许多以网络互连为基础的不同的网格,它们解决的问题类型等方面各不相同。本文首先概括介绍了网格信息检索结构的基本分类和功能,提出并设计了一个基于中间件法的网格信息检索体系结构的理论模型,并对该理论模型进行了简单的分析和设计说明。     

Development and validation of user-adaptive navigation and information retrieval tools for an intranet portal organizational memory information system

Based on previous research and properties of organizational memory, a conceptual model for navigation and retrieval functions in an Intranet portal organizational memory information system was proposed, and two human-centred features (memory structure map and history-based tool) were developed to support user's navigation and retrieval in a well-known organizational memory. To test two hypotheses concerning the validity of the conceptual model and two human-centred features, an experiment was conducted with 30 subjects. Testing of the two hypotheses indicated the following: (1) the memory structure map's users showed 29% better performance in navigation, and (2) the history-based tool's users outperformed by 34% in identifying information. The results of the study suggest that a conceptual model and two human-centred features could be used in an user-adaptive interface design to improve user's performance in an intranet portal organizational memory information system.     

Development and validation of user-adaptive navigation and information retrieval tools for an intranet portal organizational memory information system

Based on previous research and properties of organizational memory, a conceptual model for navigation and retrieval functions in an Intranet portal organizational memory information system was proposed, and two human-centred features (memory structure map and history-based tool) were developed to support user's navigation and retrieval in a well-known organizational memory. To test two hypotheses concerning the validity of the conceptual model and two human-centred features, an experiment was conducted with 30 subjects. Testing of the two hypotheses indicated the following: (1) the memory structure map's users showed 29% better performance in navigation, and (2) the history-based tool's users outperformed by 34% in identifying information. The results of the study suggest that a conceptual model and two human-centred features could be used in an user-adaptive interface design to improve user's performance in an intranet portal organizational memory information system.     

Visual information retrieval system via content-based approach

In this paper a content-based image retrieval method that can search large image databases efficiently by color, texture, and shape content is proposed. Quantized RGB histograms and the dominant triple (hue, saturation, and value), which are extracted from quantized HSV joint histogram in the local image region, are used for representing global/local color information in the image. Entropy and maximum entry from co-occurrence matrices are used for texture information and edge angle histogram is used for representing shape information. Relevance feedback approach, which has coupled proposed features, is used for obtaining better retrieval accuracy. A new indexing method that supports fast retrieval in large image databases is also presented. Tree structures constructed by k-means algorithm, along with the idea of triangle inequality, eliminate candidate images for similarity calculation between query image and each database image. We find that the proposed method reduces calculation up to average 92.2 percent of the images from direct comparison.     

网格环境下基于本体的信息检索体系研究

为了优化基于本体的信息检索的处理过程、提高应用系统的可靠性,提出了一种网格环境中基于本体的信息检索体系模型.利用Globus和OGSA-DAI工具进行计算资源和数据资源的管理,整合了闲置资源,提高了资源利用率,同时,将数据访问服务化,统一了接口访问类型.利用工作流模型管理业务流程的执行,实现了对数据的分布式部署,对业务服务的并行执行,能够在一定程度上解决因为信息量庞大、流程算法复杂带来的检索低效问题,提高系统的客错能力.     

基于本体的信息检索研究

介绍了本体Ontology的概念和理论知识,提出一种基于本体的Web信息检索模型.该模型利用本体技术对Internet上的各类信息进行领域分类,规范用户信息检索模式,以达到快速、准确找到用户所需信息的目的.     

复杂汉字信息智能检索系统研究

作为普通的中文信息处理,现有的系统都可以很好地处理,但当处理的中文信息达到一定规模时,由于汉字本身的特点,在处理过程中会遇到很多复杂的问题.如:对巨大单字收录数量的快速检索、计算机字库中没有的汉字、汉字简繁同时存在的处理等,目前这些问题没有合适的解决算法,或功能无法全部实现,或效率不高.在分析这些问题的前提下,通过对这些问题的研究,从而找出一种合适的处理算法.     

User expectations for the intelligent blackboard

In this paper we try to identify some user expectations that could drive the formal assessment of the requirements for an intelligent blackboard. We proceed by proposing some scenarios and the features suggested by these scenarios for an intelligent blackboard. Finally, we consider both the hardware and software developments that could lead to such a product in the future.