一种军械油料快速检测方法研究

本文采用YX1154油料电导率测定仪研究了组分变化对45号变压器油和通用装备液压油两种油料电导率的影响，探索了电导率与传统测试指标的相关性。结果表明：油料电导率随防锈剂含量变化呈线性增加，并且与抗腐蚀性能测定结果一致。因此，该方法不仅可用于军用油料的生产质量检测和库存质量监控，而且可作为野战条件下评价油料性能的快速检测方法。     

军队油料化验快速检测技术进展研究

现代战争对油料的要求是供应量大、时间快速、质量要求高.高效快速的油料保障已成为未来战争胜败的关键.本文结合我军油料检测的现状,对油料质量快速检测方法和仪器的更新换代提出了一些设想.     

油液监控诊断专家系统中光谱特征信息的提取与建立

油液检测手段主要有常规理化性能检验、油料光谱分析、铁谱分析和颗粒计数四种，其目的在于控制油液的性能变化，控制设备状态变化和诊断设备故障，分析零件失效。进行信息提取主要目的是为了建立专家系统所必需的知识库，所以要求信息提取，真实准确，并能够提供相应的数学模型，以便于信息的提取和识别。本文对油液检测手段中的油料光谱分析进行描述，以获得专家系统所必需的知识信息。     

石化工业循环水系统中油料泄漏及其检测方法

对国内石化循环水系统油料泄漏情况进行了调查。综述了水中油的检测方法。建议利用现有分析方法和建立装置换热器中油粒分布数据库，结合化学计量学方法，完成对循环水系统油料泄漏检测和漏检油料的类型判别，以确定油料泄漏的源头。     

浅谈电导率仪的发展和计量方法的研究

随着电导率仪技术的飞速发展,其仪器性能和检定校准方法的研究也受到了越来越高的关注。各种不同类型的电导率仪检测方法也不尽相同,在进行仪器检定和校准的过程中,应根据各种类型电导率仪电计和电极部分的特点,合理选择适合的标准器具、标准溶液和计量方法,从而提高检定校准的准确性。     

材料电导率对圆台状脉冲涡流差分传感器检测信号的影响

当采用圆台状脉冲涡流差分传感器进行检测时,检测信号特征会受试件电导率的影响,为研究电导率对该传感器检测信号特征的影响规律,建立了圆台状差分传感器检测缺陷的有限元模型,仿真分析了电导率对激励线圈顶部与底部磁场变化的影响规律,并研究了电导率对差分检测信号特征的影响,最后通过实验对仿真分析结果进行了验证。研究结果表明:当电导率不同时,圆台状传感器激励线圈顶部与底部各磁场检测信号在上升阶段存在明显的差异,且随着电导率的增加,检测信号曲线在上升阶段上升的速度会降低,此外差分检测信号的峰值也会随着电导率的增加而增大。     

便携式油料质量分析仪影响因素考察

便携式油料质量分析仪能够快速准确现场分析燃料的质量。有利于提高油料质量检测水平以及油料保障能力。本文详细考察了该仪器的影响因素，比如使用时间、环境温度、样品温度、仪器温度以度仪器结构，对正确使用仪器、维护仪器、发挥仪器自身优点有一定指导作用。     

循环水系统漏油在线监测仪的设计与实现

针对现有的换热器油料泄漏检测方法存在测量精度不高、抗干扰能力差的问题,提出了一种新型检测方法——双电导率法,并由此设计了基于双电导法的油水分离装置,该监测仪采用C8051F020作为主控制器,通过改进的数字滤波算法来消除干扰。为了提高效率,设计了模糊自适应PID控制系统实现对水流量的控制并利用WINCC作上位机开发了过程监控系统,支持GPRS的无线通讯。测试结果表明此监测仪能很好地实现对现场数据的采集处理。     

高速走丝电火花线切割工作液失效研究

研究了高速走丝电火花线切割加工中切割效率、表面粗糙度、表面微观形貌的变化,指出采用切割效率作为工作液失效的表征更为直观和准确。比较了加工中复合工作液电导率、蚀除产物浓度、pH值、黏度与切割效率的变化关系,并从蚀除产物、浓度、电化学等方面分析了工作液电导率变化的原因,指出加工中电解作用产生的铁离子等对工作液电导率的上升起着主导作用,电导率与切割效率有很大的关联性,因此电导率可作为衡量复合工作液失效的指标。     

工业用油料的再生处理装置

润滑油、液压油等工业用油料,在机器的运行过程中起着关键的作用。在这类油料中,加入合适的化学剂和添加物,可以减少摩擦损失,推迟腐蚀进度,驱散杂质,使粘度变化降低到最低的程度,改善流量特性,提高机器的性能。一般认为:洁净的工业用油料可以无限地使用,其特性是固有的。然而,油料特性的保持,取决于防止和清除油料在使用与储存中的液体和气体及其它杂质的积累,例如:水和     

Reduced Phosphorus Concentration Effects on Tribological Performance of Passenger Car Engine Oils

Phosphorus is present in engine oils in the form of the antiwear and antioxidation additive zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP). Its effects on wear and friction were studied at different temperatures using a high-frequency reciprocating rig (HFRR). The electrically insulating tribofilm formation was measured using an electrical contact resistance (ECR) technique. The wear and friction performance of a fully formulated fresh oil containing 0.05 wt% phosphorus was compared with the corresponding used oil drained from a vehicle. The results show that the wear performance of fresh oils having phosphorus concentration from 0.02 to 0.1 wt% is very similar. Further reduction of phosphorus concentration below 0.02 wt% leads to high wear. The coefficient of friction increases with increased phosphorus concentration at temperatures above 80°C but decreases with increased phosphorus concentration at temperatures below 80°C. The used oil and the fresh 0 wt% P oil running on the original fresh steel surface exhibit higher wear than when both oils were evaluated on a previously formed film from a fresh oil containing 0.05 wt% phosphorus.     

油酸修饰PbS纳米粒子的摩擦学性能剖析

合成了基础油中分散性良好的油酸（OA）修饰PbS纳米粒子，并用四球摩擦磨损试验机考察了其作为润滑油添加剂的摩擦学行为，结果表明，OA修饰PbS纳米粒子在较低的添加浓度下就具有良好的减摩和抗磨效果，未修饰PbS纳米粒子作为润滑油添加剂时有一定的减磨作用，而修饰剂油酸则具有一定的抗磨性能。     

低黏度GF-60W-16发动机油节能摩擦模拟试验

为了进一步提高汽车燃料经济性,ILSAC颁布的节能发动机油规格已发展到黏度更低的GF-6级别。由于GF-6发动机节能台架试验周期长、成本高,为了提高开发GF-6 0W-16汽油机油配方的筛选效率,利用摩擦模拟试验分析0W-16汽油机油的摩擦润滑性能,并采用综合分析法研究摩擦模拟试验结果和发动机节能台架结果的相关性。结果表明：汽油机油配方中各添加剂之间的协同效应对其节油率和摩擦润滑性能产生显著影响,有机钼添加剂含量多的低黏度GF-6 0W-16汽油机油比参比油GF-5 0W-20更具减摩作用;试验温度激发汽油机油中有机钼减摩剂进一步发挥作用,降低摩擦因数;所建立的摩擦模拟试验综合分析法能够较好地预测低黏度GF-6润滑油节能台架试验结果。     

The Synergetic Effects of Surface Texturing and MoDDP Additive Applied to Ball-on-Disk Friction Subject to Both Flooded and Starved Lubrication Conditions

This paper reports a novel work on the synergetic effects of microscale surface texturing and lubricant friction modifier additive of molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP) subject to both flooded and starved lubrication conditions. The experiments were performed on reciprocating ball-on-disk friction in GTL8 base oil with and without MoDDP. In the flooded lubrication condition, the test results demonstrated that the presence of the MoDDP additive contributed to lower friction coefficients and also more pronounced effect of surface textures on friction than in the case of the bare base oil. In the starved lubrication experiments, textured and texture-free surfaces in the oils with and without MoDDP additive were tested until an abrupt rising of friction coefficient was detected. The results showed that the magnitude of friction coefficient before terminating each test was the almost same for various tests, while the endurance time in different test conditions was significantly different. The textured surface exhibited longer endurance time than the texture-free surface, especially when the MoDDP additive was used. The mechanism of the synergetic effects of surface textures and MoDDP additive has been discussed based on the experimental observations in the following sections. This study provides a new idea for the application of surface texture in boundary lubrication when lubricant additive is contained in the lubricating oils.     

合成基润滑油聚α-烯烃低温摩擦润滑性能研究

在低温条件下,润滑油黏度变大,流动性变差,添加剂活性降低,对润滑性能产生显著影响。为研究PAO润滑油的低温摩擦润滑性能,以不同黏度级别PAO基础油为研究对象,采用流变仪MCR302、SRV摩擦磨损试验机,研究PAO润滑油样及添加极压抗磨添加剂的油样在低温条件下的流变性能和磨损润滑性能。试验结果表明：在低温环境下,随着温度降低,PAO油样的黏度急剧增大,黏度越大的油样其受低温条件影响越明显;PAO油样在低温环境下,表现出明显的剪切稀化现象;低温环境使得极压抗磨剂添加剂的活性变低,添加剂并未表现出减摩抗磨作用。因此,低温试验条件对PAO基础油和添加剂的摩擦学性能产生显著影响,阻碍了基础油和润滑油添加剂减摩抗磨作用的发挥。     

基于正交试验的含氮硼酸酯铝材轧制润滑油摩擦学性能研究

合成一种新型含氮硼酸酯铝材轧制润滑油添加剂,利用四球试验机考察添加含氮硼酸酯的铝材轧制润滑油的油膜强度、摩擦因数,通过显微镜观察磨斑形貌并测量磨斑直径。利用正交试验法评估极压剂含量、基础油种类、四球试验机载荷和转速对含氮硼酸酯润滑油摩擦学性能的影响,并通过多目标优化设计,对4种参数对铝材轧制润滑油摩擦学性能的强化效果进行综合研究。结果表明:各工艺参数对油样的摩擦学性能影响显著性由大到小依次为极压剂添加量、基础油种类、转速和载荷;经过多目标优化设计,得到的含氮硼酸酯铝材轧制润滑油强化工艺参数的最佳组合:极压剂质量分数为1.0%,基础油种类为D100,载荷为294 N,转速为1 200 r/min;通过极差、方差等分析,发现极压剂添加量和基础油种类对油样的摩擦学性能有显著影响。     

抗磨添加剂对不同服役阶段润滑油摩擦学性能的影响

采用黏度测试仪测定新油及3种不同服役阶段润滑油的黏度,采用UMT-II摩擦磨损试验机考察其摩擦学性能,并同时考察3种在用润滑油添加抗磨添加剂后的摩擦学性能。研究结果表明:润滑油的黏度随着运行里程数的增加呈现先降后增的趋势;随润滑油运行里程数的增加,润滑油的摩擦因数增大,导致试验钢球的磨损量也增加;抗磨添加剂对不同服役阶段的润滑油的抗磨性能影响程度不同,在磨合磨损期和正常磨损期,加入抗磨添加剂后并不能改善润滑油的抗磨性能,而在异常磨损期,抗磨添加剂的加入可较好地改善润滑油的抗磨性能。     

Engine oil compositions based on PIB—succinimide combinations

Additive packages for engine oils were prepared using PIB—succinimide combinations with different properties. PIB—succinimide‐type dispersants of various average molecular weights and dominant side effects were selected for preparing multifunctional additive combinations. A high‐molecular‐weight PIB—polysuccinimide type as viscosity‐index improver, a PIB—polysuccinimide with strong basic character as a highly effective sludge dispersant, molybdenum‐containing poly‐alkylene—polysuccinic anhydride derivatives as dispersants with complementary antifriction efficiency, and some conventional detergent, antioxidant, antiwear, and anticorrosion engine oil additives were used in engine oil compositions of various viscosity grades. The technical and economic advantages of appropriately selected and balanced additive combinations were shown by bench test results of the rheological, detergent—dispersant, and antifriction properties of the test oils.